Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1976329440', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/00006123-199607000-00019', 'title': 'Nerve Action Potential Recording Method and Equipment', 'display_name': 'Nerve Action Potential Recording Method and Equipment', 'publication_year': 1996, 'publication_date': '1996-07-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1976329440', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/00006123-199607000-00019', 'mag': '1976329440', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8805145'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/00006123-199607000-00019', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S111727011', 'display_name': 'Neurosurgery', 'issn_l': '0148-396X', 'issn': ['0148-396X', '1081-1281', '1524-4040'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'host_organization_name': 'Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'https://openalex.org/P4310318547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'Wolters Kluwer'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5050890349', 'display_name': 'Robert L. Tiel', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I121820613', 'display_name': 'Louisiana State University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05ect4e57', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I121820613']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Robert L. Tiel', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Neurosurgery Louisiana State University, and Oschner, Charity, New Orleans, Louisiana', 'University Hospitals, New Orleans, Louisiana'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Neurosurgery Louisiana State University, and Oschner, Charity, New Orleans, Louisiana', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I121820613']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'University Hospitals, New Orleans, Louisiana', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5003583798', 'display_name': 'Leo T. Happel', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I121820613', 'display_name': 'Louisiana State University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05ect4e57', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I121820613']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Leo T. Happel', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, Louisiana'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, Louisiana', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I121820613']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5103473449', 'display_name': 'David G. Kline', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'David G. Kline', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['University Hospitals, New Orleans, Louisiana'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'University Hospitals, New Orleans, Louisiana', 'institution_ids': []}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.129, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 132, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.896126, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 97, 'max': 98}, 'biblio': {'volume': '39', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '103', 'last_page': '109'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11601', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience and Neural Engineering', 'score': 0.9953, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2804', 'display_name': 'Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11601', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience and Neural Engineering', 'score': 0.9953, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2804', 'display_name': 'Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12459', 'display_name': 'Nerve Injury and Rehabilitation', 'score': 0.9879, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2746', 'display_name': 'Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10784', 'display_name': 'Muscle activation and electromyography studies', 'score': 0.9865, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2204', 'display_name': 'Biomedical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/nap', 'display_name': 'Nap', 'score': 0.81506854}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.8153913}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C107513589', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5242962', 'display_name': 'Nap', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.81506854}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185263204', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1154774', 'display_name': 'Electrophysiology', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.63224643}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C151626666', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156844', 'display_name': 'Compound muscle action potential', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.45731825}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2994188736', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194277', 'display_name': 'Nerve conduction', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45713246}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C136229726', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092', 'display_name': 'Biomedical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.41654074}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C169760540', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.41464585}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C42219234', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130', 'display_name': 'Anesthesia', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3269485}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C141071460', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821', 'display_name': 'Surgery', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.27212504}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D000200', 'descriptor_name': 'Action Potentials', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004576', 'descriptor_name': 'Electromyography', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000295', 'qualifier_name': 'instrumentation', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016343', 'descriptor_name': 'Monitoring, Intraoperative', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000295', 'qualifier_name': 'instrumentation', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009416', 'descriptor_name': 'Nerve Regeneration', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D059348', 'descriptor_name': 'Peripheral Nerve Injuries', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000200', 'descriptor_name': 'Action Potentials', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004558', 'descriptor_name': 'Electric Stimulation', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004558', 'descriptor_name': 'Electric Stimulation', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000295', 'qualifier_name': 'instrumentation', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004566', 'descriptor_name': 'Electrodes', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004576', 'descriptor_name': 'Electromyography', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004867', 'descriptor_name': 'Equipment Design', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005583', 'descriptor_name': 'Fourier Analysis', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016343', 'descriptor_name': 'Monitoring, Intraoperative', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018482', 'descriptor_name': 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000294', 'qualifier_name': 'innervation', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018482', 'descriptor_name': 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009416', 'descriptor_name': 'Nerve Regeneration', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010525', 'descriptor_name': 'Peripheral Nerves', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000503', 'qualifier_name': 'physiopathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010525', 'descriptor_name': 'Peripheral Nerves', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000601', 'qualifier_name': 'surgery', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010525', 'descriptor_name': 'Peripheral Nerves', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011379', 'descriptor_name': 'Prognosis', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012815', 'descriptor_name': 'Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000295', 'qualifier_name': 'instrumentation', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012815', 'descriptor_name': 'Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/00006123-199607000-00019', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S111727011', 'display_name': 'Neurosurgery', 'issn_l': '0148-396X', 'issn': ['0148-396X', '1081-1281', '1524-4040'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'host_organization_name': 'Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'https://openalex.org/P4310318547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'Wolters Kluwer'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8805145', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3', 'score': 0.54, 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 8, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2054783054', 'https://openalex.org/W2072512386', 'https://openalex.org/W2149483214', 'https://openalex.org/W2158767913', 'https://openalex.org/W2395232870', 'https://openalex.org/W2395426394', 'https://openalex.org/W2412912409', 'https://openalex.org/W2505086886'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4283330010', 'https://openalex.org/W4220860596', 'https://openalex.org/W3029108568', 'https://openalex.org/W2588075408', 'https://openalex.org/W2378201775', 'https://openalex.org/W2350201689', 'https://openalex.org/W2144610412', 'https://openalex.org/W2075062358', 'https://openalex.org/W2003321754', 'https://openalex.org/W1979966743'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'OBJECTIVE:': [0], 'Nerve': [1], 'action': [2], 'potential': [3, 140, 148], '(NAP)': [4], 'recording': [5, 76, 92, 100, 133, 167], 'is': [6, 31, 79, 101, 118, 149, 154, 174, 182], 'a': [7, 102, 121, 127, 142], 'proven': [8], 'and': [9, 22, 29, 35, 47, 56, 62, 113, 176], 'useful': [10, 106, 128, 135], 'tool': [11], 'in': [12, 50, 93, 108, 156], 'the': [13, 51, 85, 138, 157, 180], 'surgical': [14], 'management': [15, 159], 'of': [16, 38, 45, 53, 69, 77, 84, 105, 115, 124, 141, 160, 165, 179], 'nerve': [17, 46, 54, 109, 144, 161], 'injury.': [18], 'Understanding': [19], 'its': [20, 27, 48], 'materials': [21], 'methods': [23], 'as': [24, 26], 'well': [25], 'pitfalls': [28], 'limitations': [30], 'necessary': [32], 'for': [33, 74], 'successful': [34], 'routine': [36], 'use': [37, 68], 'this': [39], 'tool.': [40], 'METHODS:': [41], 'The': [42, 67, 111, 163], 'basic': [43], 'electrophysiology': [44], 'implications': [49], 'setting': [52], 'trauma': [55], 'regeneration': [57], 'are': [58, 65, 168], 'reviewed.': [59], 'Electrode': [60], 'design': [61], 'electrode': [63], 'placement': [64], 'discussed.': [66], 'simple': [70], 'electromyographic/nerve': [71], 'conduction': [72], 'machines': [73], 'intraoperative': [75], 'NAPs': [78], 'developed,': [80], 'along': [81], 'with': [82, 120], 'some': [83], 'technical': [86], 'problems': [87], 'that': [88, 147], 'result': [89], 'from': [90], 'electrophysiological': [91], 'an': [94, 116], 'electrically': [95], 'hostile': [96], 'environment.': [97], 'RESULTS:': [98], 'NAP': [99, 117, 132, 166], 'good': [103], 'indicator': [104], 'recovery': [107, 125], 'trauma.': [110], 'presence': [112], 'demonstration': [114], 'associated': [119], '90%': [122], 'chance': [123], 'to': [126, 172], 'motor': [129], 'state.': [130], 'CONCLUSION:': [131], 'provides': [134], 'information': [136, 153], 'regarding': [137], 'regenerative': [139], 'damaged': [143], 'long': [145], 'before': [146], 'clinically': [150], 'evident.': [151], 'This': [152], 'critical': [155], 'optimal': [158], 'injuries.': [162], 'techniques': [164], 'straightforward,': [169], 'but': [170], 'attention': [171], 'detail': [173], 'important,': [175], 'full': [177], 'understanding': [178], 'method': [181], 'required.': [183]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1976329440', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-11T17:10:00.055424', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}