Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1972528709', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8535.1995.tb00119.x', 'title': 'Knowledge based systems for teaching and learning maths', 'display_name': 'Knowledge based systems for teaching and learning maths', 'publication_year': 1995, 'publication_date': '1995-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1972528709', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8535.1995.tb00119.x', 'mag': '1972528709'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8535.1995.tb00119.x', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S110346167', 'display_name': 'British Journal of Educational Technology', 'issn_l': '0007-1013', 'issn': ['0007-1013', '1467-8535'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5022115989', 'display_name': 'Paola Foreheri', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210137033', 'display_name': 'Istituto di Matematica Applicata e Tecnologie Informatiche', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03m0n3c07', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210137033', 'https://openalex.org/I4210155236']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Paola Foreheri', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Paola Foreheri and Maria Teresa Molfino are at the Istituto per la Matematica Applicata del C.N.R. Via De Marini, 6‐16149 Genova ‐ Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Paola Foreheri and Maria Teresa Molfino are at the Istituto per la Matematica Applicata del C.N.R. Via De Marini, 6‐16149 Genova ‐ Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210137033']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5042650933', 'display_name': 'Maria Teresa Molfino', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210137033', 'display_name': 'Istituto di Matematica Applicata e Tecnologie Informatiche', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03m0n3c07', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210137033', 'https://openalex.org/I4210155236']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Maria Teresa Molfino', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Paola Foreheri and Maria Teresa Molfino are at the Istituto per la Matematica Applicata del C.N.R. Via De Marini, 6‐16149 Genova ‐ Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Paola Foreheri and Maria Teresa Molfino are at the Istituto per la Matematica Applicata del C.N.R. Via De Marini, 6‐16149 Genova ‐ Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210137033']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3860, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3860, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 2, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.511244, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 61, 'max': 65}, 'biblio': {'volume': '26', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '42', 'last_page': '54'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11902', 'display_name': 'Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning', 'score': 0.9964, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11902', 'display_name': 'Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning', 'score': 0.9964, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10906', 'display_name': 'AI-based Problem Solving and Planning', 'score': 0.9954, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10533', 'display_name': 'Teaching and Learning Programming', 'score': 0.9586, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1706', 'display_name': 'Computer Science Applications'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/realisation', 'display_name': 'Realisation', 'score': 0.6294824}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/representation', 'display_name': 'Representation', 'score': 0.47384363}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/subject-matter-expert', 'display_name': 'Subject-matter expert', 'score': 0.42131814}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C98045186', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663', 'display_name': 'Process (computing)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6399692}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.63365954}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779462738', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17146409', 'display_name': 'Realisation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6294824}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C145420912', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077', 'display_name': 'Mathematics education', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.55573124}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780451532', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676', 'display_name': 'Task (project management)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.55319464}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C36503486', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244', 'display_name': 'Domain (mathematical analysis)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.50291866}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776359362', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286', 'display_name': 'Representation (politics)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.47384363}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159456220', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q667334', 'display_name': 'Instructional design', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.46378788}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C88610354', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1813494', 'display_name': 'Teaching method', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.44257674}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C207685749', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2088941', 'display_name': 'Domain knowledge', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4278211}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C105002631', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4833645', 'display_name': 'Subject-matter expert', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.42131814}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C169900460', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417', 'display_name': 'Cognition', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41364738}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C56739046', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060', 'display_name': 'Knowledge management', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.27013355}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C58328972', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184609', 'display_name': 'Expert system', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.20163938}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418', 'display_name': 'Psychology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.20101416}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C49774154', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765', 'display_name': 'Multimedia', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.19140708}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C154945302', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660', 'display_name': 'Artificial intelligence', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.1731112}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.10175952}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.09300634}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134306372', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754', 'display_name': 'Mathematical analysis', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C201995342', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496', 'display_name': 'Systems engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62520636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944', 'display_name': 'Quantum mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C169760540', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C94625758', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163', 'display_name': 'Politics', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748', 'display_name': 'Law', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111919701', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135', 'display_name': 'Operating system', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8535.1995.tb00119.x', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S110346167', 'display_name': 'British Journal of Educational Technology', 'issn_l': '0007-1013', 'issn': ['0007-1013', '1467-8535'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Quality education', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4', 'score': 0.87}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 29, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W133257695', 'https://openalex.org/W1488133941', 'https://openalex.org/W1499891147', 'https://openalex.org/W1690963130', 'https://openalex.org/W1963739947', 'https://openalex.org/W1975029907', 'https://openalex.org/W1980355444', 'https://openalex.org/W19828709', 'https://openalex.org/W1998517458', 'https://openalex.org/W2014187919', 'https://openalex.org/W2016288462', 'https://openalex.org/W2059846963', 'https://openalex.org/W2074439000', 'https://openalex.org/W2104307228', 'https://openalex.org/W2121950960', 'https://openalex.org/W2135943618', 'https://openalex.org/W2180809782', 'https://openalex.org/W2204136919', 'https://openalex.org/W2250590097', 'https://openalex.org/W227649490', 'https://openalex.org/W230233429', 'https://openalex.org/W2462386251', 'https://openalex.org/W2464623581', 'https://openalex.org/W2467301125', 'https://openalex.org/W2488820233', 'https://openalex.org/W349288505', 'https://openalex.org/W4230997289', 'https://openalex.org/W4285719527', 'https://openalex.org/W4386639429'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4296913697', 'https://openalex.org/W2479922357', 'https://openalex.org/W2358841852', 'https://openalex.org/W2289473054', 'https://openalex.org/W2158321484', 'https://openalex.org/W2146662229', 'https://openalex.org/W2134684334', 'https://openalex.org/W2086580554', 'https://openalex.org/W2078297485', 'https://openalex.org/W2019832437'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Abstract': [0], 'The': [1, 78], 'main': [2, 173], 'task': [3], 'of': [4, 84, 88, 96, 114, 118, 141, 148, 166, 179], 'an': [5, 32, 104, 111], 'educational': [6, 167], 'system': [7, 147], 'is': [8], 'to': [9, 16, 25, 54, 68, 74, 184], 'generate': [10], 'instructional': [11, 33, 76, 105], 'situations': [12], 'which': [13, 175], 'induce': [14], 'students': [15], 'learn': [17, 47, 55, 69], 'knowledge': [18, 119, 187], 'and': [19, 45, 95, 99, 156], 'problem': [20], 'solving': [21], 'abilities': [22], 'as': [23, 38, 160], 'applied': [24], 'a': [26, 39, 146], 'cognitive': [27], 'domain.': [28], 'To': [29], 'this': [30, 149], 'end,': [31], 'dialogue': [34, 106], 'must': [35], 'be': [36, 108, 131], 'seen': [37], 'process': [40, 79], 'aimed': [41], 'at': [42], 'making': [43], 'student': [44, 52, 72], 'teacher': [46, 64], 'from': [48, 59, 70], 'each': [49], 'other:': [50], 'the': [51, 56, 60, 63, 71, 89, 92, 116, 132, 142, 163, 172, 177], 'has': [53, 65, 122], 'subject': [57], 'matter': [58], 'teacher,': [61], 'while': [62], 'in': [66, 134, 144], 'turn': [67], 'how': [73], 'regulate': [75], 'interaction.': [77], 'relies': [80], 'on': [81], 'different': [82], 'kinds': [83, 117], 'expert': [85], 'knowledge:': [86], 'experience': [87], 'domain,': [90], 'about': [91], 'actual': [93], 'student,': [94], 'teaching': [97], 'methods': [98], 'objectives.': [100], 'This': [101, 169], 'means': [102], 'that': [103, 124], 'cannot': [107], 'realised': [109], 'without': [110], 'explicit': [112], 'representation': [113], 'all': [115], 'involved.': [120], 'Research': [121], 'established': [123], 'Knowledge': [125], 'Based': [126], 'Educational': [127], 'Systems': [128], '(KBESs)': [129], 'can': [130], 'keystone': [133], 'building': [135], 'effective': [136], 'learning': [137], 'tools,': [138], 'but': [139], 'because': [140], 'difficulty': [143], 'realising': [145], 'kind,': [150], 'most': [151], 'existing': [152], 'systems': [153, 189], 'are': [154, 157], 'prototypes': [155], 'intended': [158, 190], 'only': [159], 'workbenches': [161], 'for': [162, 191], 'computational': [164], 'analysis': [165], 'processes.': [168], 'paper': [170], 'analyses': [171], 'problems': [174], 'underlie': [176], 'realisation': [178], 'such': [180], 'systems,': [181], 'with': [182, 193], 'reference': [183], 'research': [185], 'into': [186], 'based': [188], 'use': [192], 'teaching/learning': [194], 'mathematics.': [195]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1972528709', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-12-13T00:35:13.029753', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}