Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1972180921', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/02713680590927632', 'title': 'Ocular Distribution After Topical Instillation and Potential Neuroprotective Effect After Intravitreal Injection of the Calcium Channel Blocker Iganipidine', 'display_name': 'Ocular Distribution After Topical Instillation and Potential Neuroprotective Effect After Intravitreal Injection of the Calcium Channel Blocker Iganipidine', 'publication_year': 2005, 'publication_date': '2005-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1972180921', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/02713680590927632', 'mag': '1972180921', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16020261'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/02713680590927632', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S74941265', 'display_name': 'Current Eye Research', 'issn_l': '0271-3683', 'issn': ['0271-3683', '1460-2202'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320547', 'host_organization_name': 'Taylor & Francis', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Taylor & Francis'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5040011248', 'display_name': 'Megumi M. Ohashi', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6787-6723'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210152580', 'display_name': 'Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04emv5a43', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210152580']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Masaaki Ohashi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Eye Clinic, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Medical Center'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Eye Clinic, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Medical Center', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210152580']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5077302312', 'display_name': 'Shinichiro Saito', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2721-248X'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Shinichiro Saito', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Eye Clinic, Kamifukuoka General Hospital'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Eye Clinic, Kamifukuoka General Hospital', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5065087596', 'display_name': 'Yasuhiro Fukaya', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I74801974', 'display_name': 'The University of Tokyo', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/057zh3y96', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I74801974']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Yasuhiro Fukaya', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo School of Medicine'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo School of Medicine', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I74801974']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5055236673', 'display_name': 'Atsuo Tomidokoro', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3278-9662'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I74801974', 'display_name': 'The University of Tokyo', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/057zh3y96', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I74801974']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Atsuo Tomidokoro', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo School of Medicine'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo School of Medicine', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I74801974']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5074724972', 'display_name': 'Makoto Araie', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9025-3973'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I74801974', 'display_name': 'The University of Tokyo', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/057zh3y96', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I74801974']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Makoto Araie', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo School of Medicine'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo School of Medicine', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I74801974']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5067069306', 'display_name': 'Kenji Kashwagi', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I66906201', 'display_name': 'University of Yamanashi', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/059x21724', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I66906201']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Kenji Kashwagi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Ophthalmology, University of Yamanashi School of Medicine'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Ophthalmology, University of Yamanashi School of Medicine', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I66906201']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5089243471', 'display_name': 'Yoshiyuki Suzuki', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9747-5552'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I87531838', 'display_name': 'Teikyo University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01gaw2478', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I87531838']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Yasuyuki Suzuki', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Ophthalmology, University of Teikyo School of Medicine'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Ophthalmology, University of Teikyo School of Medicine', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I87531838']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 4, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 1, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.548795, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 61, 'max': 68}, 'biblio': {'volume': '30', 'issue': '4', 'first_page': '309', 'last_page': '317'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10250', 'display_name': 'Global Prevalence and Treatment of Glaucoma', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2731', 'display_name': 'Ophthalmology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10250', 'display_name': 'Global Prevalence and Treatment of Glaucoma', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2731', 'display_name': 'Ophthalmology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10691', 'display_name': 'Molecular Mechanisms of Retinal Degeneration and Regeneration', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11377', 'display_name': 'Vitreoretinal Surgery Techniques', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2741', 'display_name': 'Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/choroid', 'display_name': 'Choroid', 'score': 0.6266011}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/ganglion-cell-layer', 'display_name': 'Ganglion cell layer', 'score': 0.59418404}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/inner-plexiform-layer', 'display_name': 'Inner plexiform layer', 'score': 0.510889}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/intraocular-pressure', 'display_name': 'Intraocular Pressure', 'score': 0.477597}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777093970', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169342', 'display_name': 'Retina', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8022374}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776108384', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q390239', 'display_name': 'Kainic acid', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.6281773}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776694393', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q271762', 'display_name': 'Choroid', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6266011}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780188069', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4133186', 'display_name': 'Ganglion cell layer', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.59418404}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780827179', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422001', 'display_name': 'Retinal', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.56336033}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C67018056', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q414896', 'display_name': 'NMDA receptor', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5419105}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C118487528', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437', 'display_name': 'Ophthalmology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5141578}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781099447', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4113797', 'display_name': 'Inner plexiform layer', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.510889}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781334511', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108158', 'display_name': 'Ganglion', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5093442}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C25498285', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981368', 'display_name': 'Neuroprotection', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4824146}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.4245448}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778938600', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389934', 'display_name': 'Agonist', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.41941828}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C61174792', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420510', 'display_name': 'Glutamate receptor', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.39669293}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C42219234', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130', 'display_name': 'Anesthesia', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.37846404}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.37559533}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C98274493', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.29841912}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C105702510', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514', 'display_name': 'Anatomy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.28492993}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.23325136}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.17629975}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C170493617', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467', 'display_name': 'Receptor', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.08880547}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C169760540', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.083626956}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D002121', 'descriptor_name': 'Calcium Channel Blockers', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000493', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacokinetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002121', 'descriptor_name': 'Calcium Channel Blockers', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002829', 'descriptor_name': 'Choroid', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010879', 'descriptor_name': 'Piperazines', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000493', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacokinetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010879', 'descriptor_name': 'Piperazines', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011725', 'descriptor_name': 'Pyridines', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000493', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacokinetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011725', 'descriptor_name': 'Pyridines', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012160', 'descriptor_name': 'Retina', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012162', 'descriptor_name': 'Retinal Degeneration', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000517', 'qualifier_name': 'prevention & control', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000287', 'descriptor_name': 'Administration, Topical', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002121', 'descriptor_name': 'Calcium Channel Blockers', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002452', 'descriptor_name': 'Cell Count', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002829', 'descriptor_name': 'Choroid', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002829', 'descriptor_name': 'Choroid', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008401', 'descriptor_name': 'Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007267', 'descriptor_name': 'Injections', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007608', 'descriptor_name': 'Kainic Acid', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000633', 'qualifier_name': 'toxicity', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007608', 'descriptor_name': 'Kainic Acid', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016202', 'descriptor_name': 'N-Methylaspartate', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000633', 'qualifier_name': 'toxicity', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016202', 'descriptor_name': 'N-Methylaspartate', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018696', 'descriptor_name': 'Neuroprotective Agents', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018696', 'descriptor_name': 'Neuroprotective Agents', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010879', 'descriptor_name': 'Piperazines', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011725', 'descriptor_name': 'Pyridines', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D051381', 'descriptor_name': 'Rats', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D017208', 'descriptor_name': 'Rats, Wistar', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012160', 'descriptor_name': 'Retina', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012160', 'descriptor_name': 'Retina', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012162', 'descriptor_name': 'Retinal Degeneration', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012162', 'descriptor_name': 'Retinal Degeneration', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000139', 'qualifier_name': 'chemically induced', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012162', 'descriptor_name': 'Retinal Degeneration', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012165', 'descriptor_name': 'Retinal Ganglion Cells', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000166', 'qualifier_name': 'cytology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012165', 'descriptor_name': 'Retinal Ganglion Cells', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014018', 'descriptor_name': 'Tissue Distribution', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014822', 'descriptor_name': 'Vitreous Body', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/02713680590927632', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S74941265', 'display_name': 'Current Eye Research', 'issn_l': '0271-3683', 'issn': ['0271-3683', '1460-2202'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320547', 'host_organization_name': 'Taylor & Francis', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Taylor & Francis'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16020261', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 61, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1498302641', 'https://openalex.org/W1499579566', 'https://openalex.org/W1518486951', 'https://openalex.org/W1523671473', 'https://openalex.org/W1528998181', 'https://openalex.org/W1544178675', 'https://openalex.org/W1548936982', 'https://openalex.org/W1549074891', 'https://openalex.org/W1576895547', 'https://openalex.org/W1582634494', 'https://openalex.org/W1583885543', 'https://openalex.org/W15838906', 'https://openalex.org/W1595388434', 'https://openalex.org/W16048049', 'https://openalex.org/W164833234', 'https://openalex.org/W1964458657', 'https://openalex.org/W1967989911', 'https://openalex.org/W1968597772', 'https://openalex.org/W1969578999', 'https://openalex.org/W1971101441', 'https://openalex.org/W1971335440', 'https://openalex.org/W1975342168', 'https://openalex.org/W1985840970', 'https://openalex.org/W1989014047', 'https://openalex.org/W1995684052', 'https://openalex.org/W2003881511', 'https://openalex.org/W2016648676', 'https://openalex.org/W2021850271', 'https://openalex.org/W2028560110', 'https://openalex.org/W2030253726', 'https://openalex.org/W2037113704', 'https://openalex.org/W2044101213', 'https://openalex.org/W2050278080', 'https://openalex.org/W2059713088', 'https://openalex.org/W2062051253', 'https://openalex.org/W2065536861', 'https://openalex.org/W2072465036', 'https://openalex.org/W2075299947', 'https://openalex.org/W2075898474', 'https://openalex.org/W2083346951', 'https://openalex.org/W2085642971', 'https://openalex.org/W2091212002', 'https://openalex.org/W2121173677', 'https://openalex.org/W2121775724', 'https://openalex.org/W2140899588', 'https://openalex.org/W2143671795', 'https://openalex.org/W2146186219', 'https://openalex.org/W2157360196', 'https://openalex.org/W2236386217', 'https://openalex.org/W2363633094', 'https://openalex.org/W2460412099', 'https://openalex.org/W247990163', 'https://openalex.org/W2725361347', 'https://openalex.org/W2993365197', 'https://openalex.org/W4229974679', 'https://openalex.org/W4235501013', 'https://openalex.org/W4285719527', 'https://openalex.org/W4298311249', 'https://openalex.org/W50296032', 'https://openalex.org/W68188397', 'https://openalex.org/W929874237'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4385842128', 'https://openalex.org/W2377663879', 'https://openalex.org/W2148303531', 'https://openalex.org/W2089546496', 'https://openalex.org/W2072636524', 'https://openalex.org/W2057398507', 'https://openalex.org/W2040355216', 'https://openalex.org/W2009977247', 'https://openalex.org/W1987147834', 'https://openalex.org/W1979200545'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'To': [0], 'investigate': [1], 'the': [2, 25, 29, 38, 61, 65, 84, 107, 115, 125, 133, 167], 'effects': [3], 'of': [4, 40, 52, 74, 83, 97, 164], 'iganidipine,': [5], 'a': [6, 155], 'new': [7], 'calcium': [8], 'antagonist': [9], 'on': [10, 80, 132], 'glutamate': [11], 'agonist-induced': [12], 'retinal': [13, 42, 146], 'damage.Iganidipine': [14], 'was': [15, 31, 45, 68, 103, 118, 129, 152], 'injected': [16], 'with': [17, 36, 154], 'N-methyl-D-aspartate': [18], '(NMDA)': [19], 'or': [20, 100], 'kainic': [21], 'acid': [22], '(KA)': [23], 'into': [24], 'rat': [26], 'vitreous,': [27], 'and': [28, 60], 'retina': [30], 'histologically': [32], 'examined.': [33], 'After': [34], 'co-injection': [35], 'KA,': [37], 'number': [39], 'DiI-labeled': [41], 'ganglion': [43, 108], 'cells': [44], 'also': [46], 'counted.': [47], 'Rabbits': [48], 'received': [49], 'unilateral': [50, 162], 'instillation': [51], '0.03%': [53], 'iganidipine': [54, 62, 75, 112, 165], 'twice': [55], 'daily': [56], 'for': [57], '14': [58], 'days,': [59], 'level': [63, 113], 'in': [64, 114, 124, 148, 166, 171], 'posterior': [66, 116, 169], 'retina-choroid': [67, 117, 170], 'determined': [69], 'by': [70, 105, 136], 'liquid': [71], 'chromatography/mass': [72], 'spectrometry.Coadministration': [73], 'had': [76], 'no': [77], 'significant': [78], 'effect': [79], 'NMDA-induced': [81], 'thinning': [82, 92], 'inner': [85], 'plexiform': [86], 'layer': [87], 'but': [88], 'partly': [89], 'suppressed': [90, 144], 'KA-induced': [91, 145], 'at': [93], 'final': [94], 'intravitreous': [95], 'concentrations': [96], '10(-8)': [98], 'M': [99, 123, 140], 'higher,': [101], 'which': [102, 128], 'confirmed': [104], 'counting': [106], 'cell': [109], 'number.': [110], 'The': [111], 'approximately': [119], '6.2': [120], 'x': [121, 138], '10(-7)': [122, 139], 'instilled': [126], 'eye,': [127], 'higher': [130], 'than': [131, 158], 'contralateral': [134], 'side': [135], '5.2': [137], '(p': [141], '=': [142], '0.035).Iganidipine': [143], 'damage': [147], 'rats.': [149], 'This': [150], 'suppression': [151], 'achieved': [153], 'lower': [156], 'concentration': [157], 'that': [159], 'resulting': [160], 'from': [161], 'instillations': [163], 'ipsilateral': [168], 'rabbits.': [172]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1972180921', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-08-14T07:57:11.880914', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}