Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1968602823', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1090/noti1009', 'title': 'E. T. Bell and Mathematics at Caltech between the Wars', 'display_name': 'E. T. Bell and Mathematics at Caltech between the Wars', 'publication_year': 2013, 'publication_date': '2013-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1968602823', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1090/noti1009', 'mag': '1968602823'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1090/noti1009', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S182658835', 'display_name': 'Notices of the American Mathematical Society', 'issn_l': '0002-9920', 'issn': ['0002-9920', '1088-9477'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315719', 'host_organization_name': 'American Mathematical Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315719'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Mathematical Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1090/noti1009', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5062327328', 'display_name': 'Judith Goodstein', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I122411786', 'display_name': 'California Institute of Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05dxps055', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I122411786']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210096386', 'display_name': 'Bridge University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00cbm0437', 'country_code': 'SS', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210096386']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I241749', 'display_name': 'University of Cambridge', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/013meh722', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I241749']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I161318765', 'display_name': 'University of California, Los Angeles', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/046rm7j60', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I161318765']}], 'countries': ['GB', 'SS', 'US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Judith R. Goodstein', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['California Institute of Technology', 'California Institute of Technology.', 'Caltech mathematics faculty and teaching fellows, 1932.', 'Cambridge University', 'University of California, Los Angeles.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'California Institute of Technology', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I122411786']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Cambridge University', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210096386', 'https://openalex.org/I241749']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'California Institute of Technology.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I122411786']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'University of California, Los Angeles.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I161318765']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Caltech mathematics faculty and teaching fellows, 1932.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I122411786']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5028017978', 'display_name': 'Donald Babbitt', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I122411786', 'display_name': 'California Institute of Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05dxps055', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I122411786']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210096386', 'display_name': 'Bridge University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00cbm0437', 'country_code': 'SS', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210096386']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I241749', 'display_name': 'University of Cambridge', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/013meh722', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I241749']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I161318765', 'display_name': 'University of California, Los Angeles', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/046rm7j60', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I161318765']}], 'countries': ['GB', 'SS', 'US'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Donald Babbitt', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['California Institute of Technology', 'California Institute of Technology.', 'Caltech mathematics faculty and teaching fellows, 1932.', 'Cambridge University', 'University of California, Los Angeles.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'California Institute of Technology', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I122411786']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Cambridge University', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210096386', 'https://openalex.org/I241749']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'California Institute of Technology.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I122411786']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Caltech mathematics faculty and teaching fellows, 1932.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I122411786']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'University of California, Los Angeles.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I161318765']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 3, 'institutions_distinct_count': 4, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5028017978'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I122411786', 'https://openalex.org/I4210096386', 'https://openalex.org/I241749', 'https://openalex.org/I161318765'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.469, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 2, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.75145, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 72, 'max': 76}, 'biblio': {'volume': '60', 'issue': '06', 'first_page': '686', 'last_page': '686'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12797', 'display_name': 'History of Computing and Information Technology', 'score': 0.9687, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1706', 'display_name': 'Computer Science Applications'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12797', 'display_name': 'History of Computing and Information Technology', 'score': 0.9687, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1706', 'display_name': 'Computer Science Applications'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12445', 'display_name': 'Science and Technology in the Cold War Era', 'score': 0.9487, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1207', 'display_name': 'History and Philosophy of Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/12', 'display_name': 'Arts and Humanities'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T14475', 'display_name': 'History of Science and Medicine', 'score': 0.9304, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1207', 'display_name': 'History and Philosophy of Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/12', 'display_name': 'Arts and Humanities'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cold-war', 'display_name': 'Cold War', 'score': 0.478914}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.41952765}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.40015978}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C136119220', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1000660', 'display_name': 'Algebra over a field', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.33022374}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C145420912', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077', 'display_name': 'Mathematics education', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.32900718}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C202444582', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863', 'display_name': 'Pure mathematics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.21951884}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1090/noti1009', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S182658835', 'display_name': 'Notices of the American Mathematical Society', 'issn_l': '0002-9920', 'issn': ['0002-9920', '1088-9477'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315719', 'host_organization_name': 'American Mathematical Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315719'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Mathematical Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.306.3992', 'pdf_url': 'http://www.ams.org/notices/201306/rnoti-p686.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400349', 'display_name': 'CiteSeer X (The Pennsylvania State University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I130769515', 'host_organization_name': 'Pennsylvania State University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I130769515'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Pennsylvania State University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1090/noti1009', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S182658835', 'display_name': 'Notices of the American Mathematical Society', 'issn_l': '0002-9920', 'issn': ['0002-9920', '1088-9477'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315719', 'host_organization_name': 'American Mathematical Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315719'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Mathematical Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.49, 'display_name': 'Quality education', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 23, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1495550473', 'https://openalex.org/W1499734772', 'https://openalex.org/W1971061131', 'https://openalex.org/W1981546344', 'https://openalex.org/W1997318331', 'https://openalex.org/W2022708042', 'https://openalex.org/W2042601507', 'https://openalex.org/W2043578236', 'https://openalex.org/W2051006089', 'https://openalex.org/W2061370921', 'https://openalex.org/W2078762661', 'https://openalex.org/W2083146465', 'https://openalex.org/W2085369176', 'https://openalex.org/W2085378098', 'https://openalex.org/W2318756145', 'https://openalex.org/W2328089423', 'https://openalex.org/W2333210517', 'https://openalex.org/W3143231940', 'https://openalex.org/W4229732294', 'https://openalex.org/W4235167955', 'https://openalex.org/W4236104304', 'https://openalex.org/W4250457038', 'https://openalex.org/W432255785'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4245490552', 'https://openalex.org/W4225152035', 'https://openalex.org/W3002753104', 'https://openalex.org/W2899084033', 'https://openalex.org/W2748952813', 'https://openalex.org/W2077600819', 'https://openalex.org/W2061531152', 'https://openalex.org/W2007980826', 'https://openalex.org/W1979597421', 'https://openalex.org/W1587224694'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'in': [0, 18], 'the': [1], 'fall': [2], 'of': [3, 8], '1926': [4], 'as': [5], 'a': [6, 14], 'professor': [7], 'mathematics.At': [9], 'forty-three,': [10], '"he': [11], '[had]': [12], 'become': [13], 'very': [15], 'hot': [16], 'commodity': [17], 'mathematics"': [19], '[Rei': [20], '01]': [21]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1968602823', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-08-21T15:12:35.140086', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}