Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1967994784', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/13.16.5747', 'title': 'Type II restriction endonucleases cleave single-stranded DNAs in general', 'display_name': 'Type II restriction endonucleases cleave single-stranded DNAs in general', 'publication_year': 1985, 'publication_date': '1985-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1967994784', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/13.16.5747', 'mag': '1967994784', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2994012', 'pmcid': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/321909'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/13.16.5747', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S134668137', 'display_name': 'Nucleic Acids Research', 'issn_l': '0305-1048', 'issn': ['0305-1048', '1362-4954', '1362-4962'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648', 'host_organization_name': 'Oxford University Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311647', 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Oxford', 'Oxford University Press'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'green', 'oa_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc321909?pdf=render', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5022265335', 'display_name': 'Koichi Nishigaki', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I72253084', 'display_name': 'Saitama University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02evnh647', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I72253084']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Koichi Nishigaki', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Saitama University255 Shimo Okubo, Urawa 338, Japan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Saitama University255 Shimo Okubo, Urawa 338, Japan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I72253084']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5103144458', 'display_name': 'Yoshio Kaneko', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1170-4404'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I72253084', 'display_name': 'Saitama University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02evnh647', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I72253084']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Yoshio Kaneko', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Saitama University255 Shimo Okubo, Urawa 338, Japan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Saitama University255 Shimo Okubo, Urawa 338, Japan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I72253084']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5024052233', 'display_name': 'Hidehiko Wakuda', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I72253084', 'display_name': 'Saitama University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02evnh647', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I72253084']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Hidehiko Wakuda', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Saitama University255 Shimo Okubo, Urawa 338, Japan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Saitama University255 Shimo Okubo, Urawa 338, Japan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I72253084']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5072717552', 'display_name': 'Yuzuru Husimi', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I72253084', 'display_name': 'Saitama University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02evnh647', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I72253084']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Yuzuru Husimi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Saitama University255 Shimo Okubo, Urawa 338, Japan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Saitama University255 Shimo Okubo, Urawa 338, Japan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I72253084']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5007718670', 'display_name': 'Toyosuke Tanaka', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I72253084', 'display_name': 'Saitama University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02evnh647', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I72253084']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'ToyosuKe Tanaka', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Saitama University255 Shimo Okubo, Urawa 338, Japan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Saitama University255 Shimo Okubo, Urawa 338, Japan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I72253084']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3630, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3630, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.198, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 52, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.871208, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 93, 'max': 94}, 'biblio': {'volume': '13', 'issue': '16', 'first_page': '5747', 'last_page': '5760'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13187', 'display_name': 'Protein-DNA Interaction Dynamics in Living Cells', 'score': 0.999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13187', 'display_name': 'Protein-DNA Interaction Dynamics in Living Cells', 'score': 0.999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10432', 'display_name': 'G-Quadruplex DNA Structures and Functions', 'score': 0.9986, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10207', 'display_name': 'DNA Nanotechnology and Bioanalytical Applications', 'score': 0.9983, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cleave', 'display_name': 'Cleave', 'score': 0.9803742}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/restriction-map', 'display_name': 'Restriction map', 'score': 0.5035953}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cleavage', 'display_name': 'Cleavage (geology)', 'score': 0.4956218}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/dna-structure', 'display_name': 'DNA Structure', 'score': 0.475082}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/restriction-fragment', 'display_name': 'Restriction fragment', 'score': 0.43514752}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C19014433', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5130995', 'display_name': 'Cleave', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.9803742}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C128319531', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219715', 'display_name': 'Restriction enzyme', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.9049088}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.70873}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C552990157', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7430', 'display_name': 'DNA', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6181886}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C181199279', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047', 'display_name': 'Enzyme', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5703598}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C130123407', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q417754', 'display_name': 'EcoRI', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.5078681}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C170673058', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q780686', 'display_name': 'Restriction map', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.5035953}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C175156509', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1990218', 'display_name': 'Cleavage (geology)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4956218}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54355233', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162', 'display_name': 'Genetics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.48515186}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C195116880', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4859565', 'display_name': 'Sticky and blunt ends', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.44704488}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C84289048', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7316314', 'display_name': 'Restriction fragment', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.43514752}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C153911025', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202', 'display_name': 'Molecular biology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.35964876}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.35292453}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C3017666073', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1764062', 'display_name': 'Base sequence', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.22317848}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C151730666', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205', 'display_name': 'Paleontology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C43369102', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2307625', 'display_name': 'Fracture (geology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D004262', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA Restriction Enzymes', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004277', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA, Single-Stranded', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001483', 'descriptor_name': 'Base Sequence', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004262', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA Restriction Enzymes', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004279', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA, Viral', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004591', 'descriptor_name': 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007700', 'descriptor_name': 'Kinetics', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009690', 'descriptor_name': 'Nucleic Acid Conformation', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012984', 'descriptor_name': 'Software', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013379', 'descriptor_name': 'Substrate Specificity', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 4, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/13.16.5747', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S134668137', 'display_name': 'Nucleic Acids Research', 'issn_l': '0305-1048', 'issn': ['0305-1048', '1362-4954', '1362-4962'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648', 'host_organization_name': 'Oxford University Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311647', 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Oxford', 'Oxford University Press'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc321909', 'pdf_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc321909?pdf=render', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400806', 'display_name': 'Europe PMC (PubMed Central)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1303153112', 'host_organization_name': 'European Bioinformatics Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1303153112'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['European Bioinformatics Institute'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC321909', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764455111', 'display_name': 'PubMed Central', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2994012', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc321909', 'pdf_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc321909?pdf=render', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400806', 'display_name': 'Europe PMC (PubMed Central)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1303153112', 'host_organization_name': 'European Bioinformatics Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1303153112'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['European Bioinformatics Institute'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.52, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15', 'display_name': 'Life on land'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 19, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W105645801', 'https://openalex.org/W1526026198', 'https://openalex.org/W1580195612', 'https://openalex.org/W1755151657', 'https://openalex.org/W1966321456', 'https://openalex.org/W1988345272', 'https://openalex.org/W2021272316', 'https://openalex.org/W2025724042', 'https://openalex.org/W2034278917', 'https://openalex.org/W2038248997', 'https://openalex.org/W2043863304', 'https://openalex.org/W2050615768', 'https://openalex.org/W2051374545', 'https://openalex.org/W2071235278', 'https://openalex.org/W2074231493', 'https://openalex.org/W2121658915', 'https://openalex.org/W2417053202', 'https://openalex.org/W2420477040', 'https://openalex.org/W2614818619'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2410954609', 'https://openalex.org/W2053819479', 'https://openalex.org/W2047862685', 'https://openalex.org/W1995046945', 'https://openalex.org/W1981054976', 'https://openalex.org/W1968022073', 'https://openalex.org/W1634999163', 'https://openalex.org/W1571788735', 'https://openalex.org/W1558011539', 'https://openalex.org/W1513344533'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Restriction': [0], 'endonucleases': [1], '(13': [2], 'out': [3], 'of': [4, 41, 54, 73, 101, 111, 117], '18': [5], 'species': [6], 'used': [7], 'for': [8, 38, 104], 'the': [9, 39, 55, 96, 99, 105, 109, 115], 'test)': [10], 'were': [11, 28], 'certified': [12], 'to': [13, 31, 36], 'cleave': [14, 32, 62, 89], 'single-stranded(ss)DNA.': [15], 'Such': [16], 'enzymes': [17, 45, 60], 'as': [18, 95], 'AvaII,': [19], 'Haell,': [20], 'Ddel,': [21], 'Alul,': [22], 'Sau3AI,': [23], 'AccII,': [24], 'TthHB8I': [25], 'and': [26, 107], 'HapII': [27], 'newly': [29], 'reported': [30], 'ssDNA.': [33], 'A': [34], 'model': [35, 56], 'account': [37], 'cleavage': [40, 112], 'ssDNA': [42, 71], 'by': [43], 'restriction': [44, 59, 86, 102], 'was': [46, 57], 'proposed': [47], 'with': [48, 77], 'supportive': [49], 'data.': [50], 'The': [51], 'essential': [52], 'part': [53], 'that': [58, 84, 108], 'preferentially': [61], 'transiently': [63], 'formed': [64], 'secondary': [65], 'structures': [66], '(called': [67], 'canonical': [68, 118], 'structures)': [69], 'in': [70], 'composed': [72], 'two': [74, 78], 'recognition': [75], 'sequences': [76, 100], 'fold': [79], 'rotational': [80], 'symmetry.': [81], 'This': [82], 'means': [83], 'a': [85], 'enzyme': [87], 'can': [88], 'ssDNAs': [90], '1n': [91], 'general': [92], 'so': [93], 'far': [94], 'DNAs': [97], 'have': [98], 'sites': [103], 'enzyme,': [106], 'rate': [110], 'depends': [113], 'on': [114], 'stabilities': [116], 'structures.': [119]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1967994784', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-19T22:06:42.630688', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}