Title: Biological significance of IgA1 proteases in bacterial colonization and pathogenesis: critical evaluation of experimental evidence
Abstract: APMISVolume 104, Issue 1-6 p. 321-338 Biological significance of IgA1 proteases in bacterial colonization and pathogenesis: critical evaluation of experimental evidence* MOGENS KILIAN, Corresponding Author MOGENS KILIAN Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, DenmarkDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, The Bartholin Building, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.Search for more papers by this authorJESPER REINHOLDT, JESPER REINHOLDT Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, DenmarkSearch for more papers by this authorHANS LOMHOLT, HANS LOMHOLT Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, DenmarkSearch for more papers by this authorKNUD POULSEN, KNUD POULSEN Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, DenmarkSearch for more papers by this authorELLEN V G. FRANDSEN, ELLEN V G. FRANDSEN Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, DenmarkSearch for more papers by this author MOGENS KILIAN, Corresponding Author MOGENS KILIAN Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, DenmarkDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, The Bartholin Building, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.Search for more papers by this authorJESPER REINHOLDT, JESPER REINHOLDT Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, DenmarkSearch for more papers by this authorHANS LOMHOLT, HANS LOMHOLT Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, DenmarkSearch for more papers by this authorKNUD POULSEN, KNUD POULSEN Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, DenmarkSearch for more papers by this authorELLEN V G. FRANDSEN, ELLEN V G. FRANDSEN Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, DenmarkSearch for more papers by this author First published: January 1996 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1996.tb00724.xCitations: 27 † *Presented at the APMIS Symposium on Mucosal Immunology, XXVth Annual Meeting of the Scandinavian Society for Immunology, Reykjavik, August 13–17, 1994. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Abstract IgA1 protease activity, which allows bacteria to cleave human IgA1 in the hinge region, represents a striking example of convergent evolution of a specific property in bacteria. Although it has been known since 1979 that IgA1 protease is produced by the three leading causes of bacterial meningitis in addition to important urogenital pathogens and some members of the oropharyngeal flora, the exact role of this enzyme in bacterial pathogenesis is still incompletely understood owing to lack of a satisfactory animal model. Cleavage of IgA1 by these post-proline endopeptidases efficiently separates the monomeric antigen-binding fragments from the secondary effector functions of the IgA1 antibody molecule. Several in vivo and in vitro observations indicate that the enzymes are important for the ability of bacteria to colonize mucosal membranes in the presence of S-IgA antibodies. Furthermore, the extensive cleavage of IgA sometimes observed in vivo, suggests that IgA1 protease activity results in a local functional IgA deficiency that may facilitate colonization of other microorganisms and the penetration of potential allergens. It has been hypothesized that IgA1 protease activity of Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae, under special immunological circumstances, allows these bacteria to take advantage of specific IgA1 antibodies in a strategy to evade other immune factors of the human body. The decisive factor is the balance between IgA antibodies against surface antigens of the respective bacteria and their IgA1 protease. Recent studies have shown that serine-type IgA1 proteases of H. influenzae, meningococci, and gonococci belong to a family of proteins used by a diverse group of Gramnegative bacteria for colonization and invasion. Citing Literature Volume104, Issue1-6January 1996Pages 321-338 RelatedInformation
Publication Year: 1996
Publication Date: 1996-01-01
Language: en
Type: review
Indexed In: ['crossref', 'pubmed']
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Cited By Count: 282
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