Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1965403530', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3058017', 'title': '<i>Radio Waves in the Ionosphere</i>', 'display_name': '<i>Radio Waves in the Ionosphere</i>', 'publication_year': 1962, 'publication_date': '1962-02-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1965403530', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3058017', 'mag': '1965403530'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3058017', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S180907581', 'display_name': 'Physics Today', 'issn_l': '0031-9228', 'issn': ['0031-9228', '1945-0699'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320061', 'host_organization_name': 'AIP Publishing', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320061', 'https://openalex.org/P4310320257'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['AIP Publishing', 'American Institute of Physics'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5008632549', 'display_name': 'K. G. Budden', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'K. G. Budden', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5039250410', 'display_name': 'Howard Chang', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1298353152', 'display_name': 'SRI International', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05s570m15', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'nonprofit', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1298353152']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Howard Chang', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Stanford Research Institute'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Stanford Research Institute', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1298353152']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 43.323, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 1320, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999503, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '15', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '44', 'last_page': '46'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10159', 'display_name': 'Space Weather and Magnetospheric Physics', 'score': 0.9736, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3103', 'display_name': 'Astronomy and Astrophysics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10159', 'display_name': 'Space Weather and Magnetospheric Physics', 'score': 0.9736, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3103', 'display_name': 'Astronomy and Astrophysics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12424', 'display_name': 'Study of Earthquake Precursor Phenomena', 'score': 0.9699, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1908', 'display_name': 'Geophysics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10655', 'display_name': 'Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS)', 'score': 0.9397, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2202', 'display_name': 'Aerospace Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/ionosphere', 'display_name': 'Ionosphere', 'score': 0.812186}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/lithosphere-atmosphere-ionosphere-coupling', 'display_name': 'Lithosphere-Atmosphere-Ionosphere Coupling', 'score': 0.733781}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/ionospheric-anomalies', 'display_name': 'Ionospheric Anomalies', 'score': 0.726966}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetosphere', 'display_name': 'Magnetosphere', 'score': 0.684528}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/gravity-waves', 'display_name': 'Gravity Waves', 'score': 0.651391}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C116403925', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162219', 'display_name': 'Ionosphere', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8712033}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C96513508', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4262', 'display_name': 'Radio wave', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6021285}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C8058405', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255', 'display_name': 'Geophysics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5422486}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5114278}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C152821216', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12282110', 'display_name': 'Ionospheric heater', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4805789}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62520636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944', 'display_name': 'Quantum mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.080052435}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3058017', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S180907581', 'display_name': 'Physics Today', 'issn_l': '0031-9228', 'issn': ['0031-9228', '1945-0699'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320061', 'host_organization_name': 'AIP Publishing', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320061', 'https://openalex.org/P4310320257'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['AIP Publishing', 'American Institute of Physics'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W72702281', 'https://openalex.org/W3178706622', 'https://openalex.org/W3177960311', 'https://openalex.org/W3141178192', 'https://openalex.org/W3129156172', 'https://openalex.org/W2559706689', 'https://openalex.org/W2163339746', 'https://openalex.org/W2114045139', 'https://openalex.org/W2001312359', 'https://openalex.org/W1500080598'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1965403530', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 12}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 13}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 12}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 25}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 10}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-05T23:55:19.478006', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}