Title: Avanços e retrocessos na oferta da educação infantil no Brasil: análise financeiro-orçamentária dos recursos destinados a essa etapa da educação 2001 - 2010
Abstract: This paper analyzes the politics of education funding promoted within the Union, States and municipalities for the period 2001-2010 and how these policies helped to guarantee the right to education of children 0-6 years old in kindergarten.It had as objective to analyze the advances and retreats of the offer of early childhood education in Brazil and the financial investment of federal entities to achieve the goals of the National Education Plan 2001-2010 relating to this stage of basic education.This study assumes that without such resources hardly reach a quality early childhood education in sufficient quantity for all children.In order to contextualize the object of research carried out a historical analysis of national legislation that transformed the early childhood education in a right of all citizens, as well as the historical aspects of the financing of education in Brazil: the revenue that composes and destinations performed by different counties.Through the description and analysis of policies and programs, the financial amounts raised and the allocations made by different federal agencies, data service and the situation of early childhood institutions, as well as population data on age, we sought to evaluate which the size of government effort to achieve the desired levels of service in early childhood education.An important discussion refers to which federal agencies must take responsibility for this service and how it gives the system of collaboration.The survey was conducted through analysis of official documents and legislation, the budget balances, participation in discussions in academic institutions and reviewing existing literature on the subject.The study can say that in Brazil there are still many children 0-6 years of age who has not guaranteed their right to education.All financial efforts undertaken so far were not sufficient to enable the frequencies of these children in preschools.The data collected show that the percentage of gross care in this stage of education in 2010 reached 12,6% for children 0-3 years and 83,3% for children 4-6 years old, when had the goal of the Plan to 50% and 80% respectively.With regard to the priority of spending, it is clear that the analysis made during the period to early childhood education received the equivalent of 0.4% of GDP, which shows the non-prioritization of the policy.You finish the decade with a new proposal for a National Education Plan (Bill No. 8.035/2010) increasing percentages of these services, but concluded that to achieve these goals will require a greater financial investment, mainly by Union to really be able to advance in an amount and quality of care.