Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1938199795', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.1998.79.2.1117', 'title': 'Rapid Plasticity of Human Cortical Movement Representation Induced by Practice', 'display_name': 'Rapid Plasticity of Human Cortical Movement Representation Induced by Practice', 'publication_year': 1998, 'publication_date': '1998-02-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1938199795', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.1998.79.2.1117', 'mag': '1938199795', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9463469'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.1998.79.2.1117', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S142952003', 'display_name': 'Journal of Neurophysiology', 'issn_l': '0022-3077', 'issn': ['0022-3077', '1522-1598'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320155', 'host_organization_name': 'American Physiological Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320155'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Physiological Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5103187950', 'display_name': 'Joseph Claßen', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7182-6967'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'display_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01cwqze88', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Joseph Classen', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Human Cortical Physiology Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20892, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Human Cortical Physiology Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20892, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5102884196', 'display_name': 'Joachim Liepert', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1383-2346'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'display_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01cwqze88', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210110767', 'display_name': 'National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01s5ya894', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'https://openalex.org/I4210110767']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Joachim Liepert', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Human Cortical Physiology Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20892; and'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Human Cortical Physiology Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20892; and', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'https://openalex.org/I4210110767']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5112246287', 'display_name': 'Steven P. Wise', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210158500', 'display_name': 'National Institute of Mental Health', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04xeg9z08', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'https://openalex.org/I4210158500']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Steven P. Wise', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health, Poolesville, Maryland 20837'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health, Poolesville, Maryland 20837', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210158500']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5108525535', 'display_name': 'Mark Hallett', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210110767', 'display_name': 'National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01s5ya894', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'https://openalex.org/I4210110767']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'display_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01cwqze88', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Mark Hallett', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Human Cortical Physiology Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20892; and'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Human Cortical Physiology Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20892; and', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210110767', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5050316387', 'display_name': 'Leonardo G. Cohen', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1705-8773'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'display_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01cwqze88', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210110767', 'display_name': 'National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01s5ya894', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'https://openalex.org/I4210110767']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Leonardo G. Cohen', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Human Cortical Physiology Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20892; and'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Human Cortical Physiology Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20892; and', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'https://openalex.org/I4210110767']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 13.808, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 1146, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999441, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '79', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '1117', 'last_page': '1123'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10614', 'display_name': 'Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2808', 'display_name': 'Neurology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10614', 'display_name': 'Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2808', 'display_name': 'Neurology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10982', 'display_name': 'Motor Control and Adaptation', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2805', 'display_name': 'Cognitive Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10429', 'display_name': 'EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces', 'score': 0.9985, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2805', 'display_name': 'Cognitive Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778581513', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q263962', 'display_name': 'Transcranial magnetic stimulation', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.7884245}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C169760540', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.7523429}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778373776', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18696', 'display_name': 'Motor cortex', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6693302}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C47611674', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849491', 'display_name': 'Neuroplasticity', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6559423}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418', 'display_name': 'Psychology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.623204}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780226923', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929848', 'display_name': 'Movement (music)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5077825}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780307956', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18707', 'display_name': 'Primary motor cortex', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.48211098}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C6757342', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3486606', 'display_name': 'Posterior parietal cortex', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47276834}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C39920418', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11476', 'display_name': 'Kinematics', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.46575147}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C79186407', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q472074', 'display_name': 'Plasticity', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.42749125}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C24998067', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622', 'display_name': 'Stimulation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.34671733}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.104824096}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C97355855', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473', 'display_name': 'Thermodynamics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C74650414', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397', 'display_name': 'Classical mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C24890656', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811', 'display_name': 'Acoustics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D007858', 'descriptor_name': 'Learning', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009044', 'descriptor_name': 'Motor Cortex', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009048', 'descriptor_name': 'Motor Skills', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009473', 'descriptor_name': 'Neuronal Plasticity', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013933', 'descriptor_name': 'Thumb', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000328', 'descriptor_name': 'Adult', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005260', 'descriptor_name': 'Female', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007858', 'descriptor_name': 'Learning', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008280', 'descriptor_name': 'Magnetics', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008570', 'descriptor_name': 'Memory, Short-Term', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008570', 'descriptor_name': 'Memory, Short-Term', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008875', 'descriptor_name': 'Middle Aged', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009044', 'descriptor_name': 'Motor Cortex', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009048', 'descriptor_name': 'Motor Skills', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013933', 'descriptor_name': 'Thumb', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.1998.79.2.1117', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S142952003', 'display_name': 'Journal of Neurophysiology', 'issn_l': '0022-3077', 'issn': ['0022-3077', '1522-1598'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320155', 'host_organization_name': 'American Physiological Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320155'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Physiological Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9463469', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4', 'score': 0.71, 'display_name': 'Quality education'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 38, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1256954504', 'https://openalex.org/W1487392737', 'https://openalex.org/W1490210446', 'https://openalex.org/W1696376591', 'https://openalex.org/W1968131916', 'https://openalex.org/W1972798091', 'https://openalex.org/W1976933908', 'https://openalex.org/W1985557169', 'https://openalex.org/W1991729344', 'https://openalex.org/W2001141713', 'https://openalex.org/W2001860569', 'https://openalex.org/W2009700266', 'https://openalex.org/W2013150964', 'https://openalex.org/W2017962287', 'https://openalex.org/W2019800929', 'https://openalex.org/W2029621075', 'https://openalex.org/W2035188674', 'https://openalex.org/W2040298453', 'https://openalex.org/W2043036883', 'https://openalex.org/W2050235781', 'https://openalex.org/W2050541834', 'https://openalex.org/W2055917188', 'https://openalex.org/W205709341', 'https://openalex.org/W2058061634', 'https://openalex.org/W2067608252', 'https://openalex.org/W2068683127', 'https://openalex.org/W2080776366', 'https://openalex.org/W2093364329', 'https://openalex.org/W2096722100', 'https://openalex.org/W2111933814', 'https://openalex.org/W2115277246', 'https://openalex.org/W2120502618', 'https://openalex.org/W2136022845', 'https://openalex.org/W2284850280', 'https://openalex.org/W2413698555', 'https://openalex.org/W2796985193', 'https://openalex.org/W2912855342', 'https://openalex.org/W4254795221'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3137097389', 'https://openalex.org/W2735406630', 'https://openalex.org/W2499553382', 'https://openalex.org/W2322555707', 'https://openalex.org/W2143771006', 'https://openalex.org/W2118349676', 'https://openalex.org/W2085357995', 'https://openalex.org/W2015867327', 'https://openalex.org/W2015356729', 'https://openalex.org/W2008943882'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Classen,': [0], 'Joseph,': [1], 'Joachim': [2], 'Liepert,': [3], 'Steven': [4], 'P.': [5], 'Wise,': [6], 'Mark': [7], 'Hallett,': [8], 'and': [9, 99, 198, 229], 'Leonardo': [10], 'G.': [11], 'Cohen.': [12], 'Rapid': [13], 'plasticity': [14], 'of': [15, 30, 38, 59, 77, 92, 139, 148, 155, 176, 189, 214, 234], 'human': [16], 'cortical': [17, 65, 205], 'movement': [18, 81, 142, 228], 'representation': [19], 'induced': [20], 'by': [21], 'practice.': [22], 'J.': [23], 'Neurophysiol.': [24], '79:': [25], '1117–1123,': [26], '1998.': [27], 'The': [28], 'process': [29], 'acquiring': [31], 'motor': [32, 70, 94], 'skills': [33], 'through': [34], 'the': [35, 69, 93, 122, 132, 140, 156, 187, 195, 204, 208, 215, 231], 'sustained': [36], 'performance': [37], 'complex': [39], 'movements': [40, 105, 118], 'is': [41, 48, 82], 'associated': [42], 'with': [43, 179], 'neural': [44], 'plasticity.': [45, 190], 'However,': [46], 'it': [47], 'unknown': [49], 'whether': [50], 'even': [51], 'simple': [52], 'movements,': [53], 'repeated': [54], 'over': [55], 'a': [56, 78, 110, 137, 201, 224], 'short': [57], 'period': [58], 'time,': [60], 'are': [61], 'effective': [62], 'in': [63, 109, 119, 153, 203], 'inducing': [64], 'representational': [66], 'changes.': [67], 'Whether': [68], 'cortex': [71, 95, 185], 'can': [72], 'retain': [73], 'specific': [74], 'kinematic': [75, 212], 'aspects': [76], 'recently': [79, 123], 'practiced': [80, 108, 124, 216], 'also': [83], 'unknown.': [84], 'We': [85], 'used': [86], 'focal': [87], 'transcranial': [88, 180], 'magnetic': [89], 'stimulation': [90, 175], '(TMS)': [91], 'to': [96, 116, 131, 184], 'evoke': [97, 117], 'isolated': [98], 'directionally': [100], 'consistent': [101], 'thumb': [102], 'movements.': [103], 'Thumb': [104], 'then': [106], 'were': [107, 151], 'different': [111], 'direction.': [112, 134], 'Subsequently,': [113], 'TMS': [114], 'came': [115], 'or': [120, 145, 166], 'near': [121], 'direction': [125], 'for': [126, 227], 'several': [127], 'minutes': [128], 'before': [129], 'returning': [130], 'original': [133], 'To': [135], 'initiate': [136], 'change': [138, 202], 'TMS-evoked': [141], 'direction,': [143], '15': [144], '30': [146], 'min': [147], 'continuous': [149], 'training': [150, 196], 'required': [152], 'most': [154], 'subjects': [157], 'and,': [158], 'on': [159], 'two': [160], 'occasions,': [161], 'as': [162, 164, 186, 223], 'little': [163], '5': [165], '10': [167], 'min.': [168], 'Substantially': [169], 'smaller': [170], 'effects': [171], 'followed': [172], 'more': [173], 'direct': [174], 'corticofugal': [177], 'axons': [178], 'electrical': [181], 'stimulation,': [182], 'pointing': [183], 'site': [188], 'These': [191], 'findings': [192], 'suggest': [193], 'that': [194], 'rapidly,': [197], 'transiently,': [199], 'established': [200], 'network': [206], 'representing': [207], 'thumb,': [209], 'which': [210], 'encoded': [211], 'details': [213], 'movement.': [217], 'This': [218], 'phenomenon': [219], 'may': [220], 'be': [221, 230], 'regarded': [222], 'short-term': [225], 'memory': [226], 'first': [232], 'step': [233], 'skill': [235], 'acquisition.': [236]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1938199795', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 27}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 29}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 27}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 37}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 49}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 45}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 38}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 44}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 58}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 63}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 64}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 58}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 55}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-23T08:54:39.626976', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}