Publication Information

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'articleAbstractOBJECTIVE:': [177], 'There': [178, 1749, 1995], 'are': [179, 531, 642, 950, 1809, 2027, 2814, 2980], 'few': [180], 'data': [181, 505, 535, 2979, 3157, 3288], 'addressing': [182, 507], 'outcome': [184, 509, 586, 652, 695, 1145, 2978], 'persons': [188, 513, 560], 'over': [189, 514, 563, 2159, 3383, 3414], '75': [190, 515, 1599, 1791, 1915, 2157], 'years': [191, 516, 544, 701, 714, 1591, 1600, 1770, 1782, 1792, 1826, 1905, 1916, 1980, 2035, 2184, 2215, 2690], 'age.': [193], 'In': [194, 593, 936, 2107, 2202, 2607, 2652, 2823], 'a': [195, 262, 370, 396, 416, 465, 502, 624, 645, 663, 680, 731, 765, 793, 863, 959, 970, 978, 994, 1013, 1035, 1224, 1307, 1464, 1484, 1526, 1695, 1830, 1849, 1907, 1939, 1984, 2048, 2063, 2077, 2162, 2290, 2338, 2370, 2399, 2503, 2557, 2565, 2675, 2694, 2710, 2824, 2843, 2918, 3227, 3515, 3626, 3651], 'prospective,': [196, 682], 'multisite': [197, 683, 766], 'study,': [198, 2559, 2632, 2797], 'authors': [200, 3145], 'compared': [201, 693, 1614, 1666, 1815], 'characteristics': [202, 283, 558, 1608, 1803, 1932, 2178], 'treatment': [204, 454, 481, 1121, 1213, 1263, 1607, 1931, 1942, 1963, 2283, 2292, 2909, 2973, 3000, 3204, 3242, 3484], 'outcomes': [205, 271, 2022], 'adult': [207, 302, 325, 367, 699], '(59': [208, 700], 'younger),': [210, 705], 'young-old': [211, 294, 380, 706, 745, 2196, 2718], '(60': [212, 707, 2198], '74': [214, 709, 1596, 1781, 1904, 2058, 2200], 'years),': [215, 710], 'old-old': [217, 286, 385, 591, 671, 712, 725, 2181, 2722], '(75': [218, 713, 2183], 'older)': [220, 716, 2186], 'patients': [221, 233, 287, 303, 368, 381, 386, 408, 423, 459, 475, 497, 530, 537, 655, 672, 717, 726, 885, 893, 1053, 1176, 1228, 1245, 1381, 1431, 1505, 1579, 1720, 1768, 1823, 1865, 1900, 1977, 2054, 2134, 2155, 2182, 2197, 2212, 2220, 2295, 2314, 2327, 2359, 2396, 2409, 2418, 2454, 2530, 2687, 2723, 2744, 2761, 2799, 2813, 2892, 2930, 2941, 2968, 3382, 3413, 3660, 3806, 3827, 3866, 3918, 4029], 'treated': [222, 253, 1229, 1246, 1410, 1542, 2550, 2801], 'with': [223, 234, 254, 409, 448, 460, 534, 685, 718, 898, 1012, 1056, 1135, 1182, 1189, 1214, 1265, 1411, 1543, 1615, 1641, 1866, 1964, 2253, 2265, 2268, 2296, 2315, 2384, 2421, 2429, 2502, 2551, 2778, 2802, 2842, 2910, 2931, 3156, 3807, 3828], 'major': [226, 237, 411, 719, 857, 1860, 2298, 2933, 3207, 3487], 'depression.': [227, 720, 3208, 3488, 3780, 3829], 'METHOD:': [228], 'At': [229, 1193, 1324], 'four': [230, 607, 804, 1475, 2388], 'hospitals,': [231], '268': [232], 'primary': [235, 3519], 'unipolar': [236, 856], 'depression': [238, 412, 462, 483, 858, 1063, 1114, 1287, 1643, 1687, 2044, 2099, 2256, 2299, 2703, 2934], 'scores': [240, 1644, 2046, 2120, 2348, 2571, 2635, 2672, 2699], 'at': [242, 321, 803, 866, 923, 1210, 1230, 1247, 1343, 1412, 1492, 1562, 1734, 1857, 2902, 3018], 'least': [243, 867, 1344, 1413, 1735, 2903], '20': [244, 543, 670, 868], 'on': [245, 304, 536, 792, 869, 1034, 1585, 1837, 2086, 2349, 2444, 2655, 2700, 3289, 3718, 3941], '24-item': [247, 871, 1058], 'Hamilton': [248, 872, 1062, 1113, 1642, 1686, 2043, 2098, 2702, 3511], 'Rating': [250, 874, 1020, 1840, 2090, 2353, 3562, 3590, 3605], 'Scale': [251, 875, 1068], 'were': [252, 276, 288, 336, 838, 894, 908, 921, 945, 954, 1054, 1091, 1169, 1240, 1382, 1477, 1580, 1613, 1628, 1653, 1665, 1742, 1877, 1892, 1958, 1970, 1996, 2101, 2113, 2190, 2228, 2360, 2460, 2636, 2894, 2974], 'suprathreshold': [255, 1266, 1277, 1346, 2468, 2472, 2532], 'right': [256, 1179, 1216, 1267, 1278, 1299, 1315, 1347, 1440, 1510, 1534, 1965, 1973, 2469, 2499, 2533], 'unilateral': [257, 1180, 1217, 1268, 1279, 1300, 1316, 1348, 1441, 1511, 1535, 1944, 1952, 1966, 1974, 2014, 2470, 2500, 2534], 'or': [258, 427, 444, 542, 629, 965, 975, 991, 1186, 1218, 1284, 1397, 1405, 1647, 1738, 1851, 1950, 1967, 2009, 2319, 2475, 2947, 2998], 'bilateral': [259, 1187, 1219, 1296, 1332, 1351, 1362, 1415, 1428, 1443, 1947, 1954, 1968, 2016, 2473, 2552], 'standardized': [263, 646, 686, 2168], 'manner.': [264], 'Demographic': [265], 'variables,': [266], 'clinical': [267, 282, 651, 690, 1144, 1802, 2177, 3228, 3450, 4081], 'characteristics,': [268], 'short-term': [270, 3449], 'three': [274, 359, 1249, 1583, 1611, 1663, 1762, 1806, 1935, 2025, 2109], 'groups': [275, 298, 309, 329, 352, 360, 1584, 1612, 1664, 1808, 1818, 1924, 1937, 2003, 2026, 2205, 2575, 2879], 'compared.': [277], 'RESULTS:': [278], 'The': [279, 350, 366, 604, 635, 1175, 1474, 1603, 1899, 2218, 2329, 2522, 2591, 3144, 3258, 3405, 3622, 3740, 3890, 3986, 4048], 'demographic': [280, 2175], 'similar': [289, 362, 418, 426, 2191, 2372, 2401, 2946], 'those': [291, 1778, 1790, 1913, 2193], 'patients,': [295, 746, 1558, 1821, 2719], 'whereas': [296, 2628], 'both': [297, 913, 1817, 1951, 2204], 'differed': [299, 2206], 'from': [300, 314, 882, 1439, 2013, 2210, 2366, 2467], 'these': [305, 529, 609, 1610, 1699, 1758, 2489, 2528, 2783, 2811, 3013], 'variables.': [306], 'Both': [307, 327], 'older': [308, 328, 351, 458, 496, 1794, 1820, 1922, 1993, 2219, 2393, 2529, 2758, 3290], 'had': [310, 330, 341, 353, 387, 862, 889, 958, 969, 981, 992, 1273, 1389, 1394, 1408, 1419, 1509, 1540, 1829, 1887, 1906, 1983, 2038, 2221, 2233, 2709, 2724, 2806, 2898], 'significantly': [311, 371, 1831, 1908, 1985, 2222, 2695], 'greater': [312, 666, 2838], 'burdens': [313], 'physical': [315, 400, 735, 1005, 1682, 2083, 2342, 2922], 'illness': [316, 401, 2923, 3593], 'global': [318, 2020], 'cognitive': [319, 403, 754, 2021, 2660, 2925, 3657, 3722, 3987, 4025, 4054], 'impairment': [320, 2251], 'baseline': [322, 1871], 'than': [323, 378, 471, 673, 985, 1515, 1912, 1989, 2053, 2267, 2645, 2716, 2770], 'subjects.': [326], 'shorter': [331, 2223], 'index': [332, 928, 1153, 2224], 'depressive': [333, 1403, 2225, 3520], 'episodes': [334, 2226], 'less': [337, 1648, 1878, 2229, 2815], 'likely': [338, 751, 1879, 1894, 2230, 2463, 2816], 'have': [340, 487, 583, 730, 783, 1521, 1723, 1881, 2232, 2308, 2517, 2804, 2970], 'inadequate': [342, 2234], 'responses': [343, 2235], 'adequate': [345, 1078, 2237], 'medication': [346, 774, 1148, 1897, 2238, 2808, 2863, 2895, 2906], 'trials': [347, 2239], 'before': [348, 896, 1122, 1171, 1450, 1731, 2240, 2908], 'ECT.': [349, 1297, 2241, 2577, 2651, 3002, 3340, 3453, 3753, 3920, 4031], 'higher': [354, 397, 732, 1514, 1869, 2039, 2339, 2347, 2412, 2450, 2844, 2888, 2919], 'seizure': [355, 1208, 1317, 1322, 1363, 1368, 1512, 1536, 1987, 2413, 2426, 2446, 2492, 3935, 3938, 3975], 'thresholds,': [356, 2452], 'but': [357, 747, 2679, 2848], 'received': [361, 993, 1150, 1177, 1452, 1733, 1882, 2188, 3040], 'courses': [363, 2368], 'treatment.': [365], 'experienced': [369, 1395, 2062, 2971], 'lower': [372, 1832, 1855, 1909, 1986, 2049, 2711, 2769], 'rate': [373, 390, 2050, 2712, 2733, 2741, 2765, 2773, 2845, 2874], 'response': [376, 392, 778, 1659, 1704, 2052, 2081, 2264, 2524, 2715, 2732, 2740, 2756, 2764, 2775, 2785, 2873, 3451, 4082], '(54%)': [377, 2745], '(73%),': [382], 'while': [383, 2720], 'an': [388, 852, 1097, 1493, 1676, 2583], 'intermediate': [389, 2725], '(67%).': [393], 'CONCLUSIONS:': [394], 'Despite': [395], 'level': [398, 2508], 'impairment,': [404, 2926], 'even': [405, 546, 2355, 2927], 'oldest': [407, 2357, 2417, 2457, 2929, 3009, 3225], 'severe': [410, 461, 1290, 1850, 1853, 2254, 2297, 2932], 'tolerate': [413, 2935], 'manner': [417, 2371, 2400], 'that': [420, 723, 768, 1291, 2244, 2336, 2374, 2391, 2403, 2425, 2837, 2916, 2943], 'younger': [422, 675, 742, 1772, 1828, 1982, 2037, 2405, 2743, 2760, 2891, 2940, 3868], 'demonstrate': [425, 2945], 'better': [428, 2948], 'acute': [429, 2754, 2951, 2983], 'response.': [430, 2952], 'Because': [431, 2260], 'comorbid': [433], 'medical': [434, 1833, 1910, 3592], 'conditions,': [435], 'poor': [436], 'tolerance': [437], 'psychotropic': [439, 1158], 'medications,': [440], 'psychotic': [442, 919, 3486], 'features': [443, 920], 'marked': [445], 'disability': [446], 'associated': [447, 2252, 2777, 2841], 'depression,': [449, 1861, 3265], 'is': [451, 501, 549, 2286, 2382, 2419, 2536, 2840], 'often': [452, 519, 2287], 'choice': [456], '(1).': [463, 498], 'As': [464, 2794], 'result,': [466], 'elderly': [468, 2294, 2326, 2666, 4028], 'constitute': [469], 'one-half': [472], 'American': [474, 3025, 4121, 4180, 4229], 'who': [476, 538, 1957, 2187, 2893], 'receive': [477, 1525, 2477], '(2).': [484], 'Several': [485, 2171], 'studies': [486, 582, 610, 2390, 2654, 3004], 'addressed': [488], 'risks': [490], 'benefits': [492, 2278], 'However,': [499, 2782, 2953], 'there': [500, 548, 1674, 2112], 'paucity': [503], 'specifically': [506], 'age,': [518, 1681, 2093], 'referred': [520, 800], 'as': [522, 739, 741, 934, 1623, 1655, 1701, 1705, 1847, 1938, 2066, 2289, 2344, 2738, 2937, 2939], '“old-old”': [524], '(3–5).': [525], 'Data': [526], 'relevant': [527], 'usually': [532, 2637], 'combined': [533], 'may': [539, 2542, 2969], 'be': [540, 600, 749, 1896, 2465, 2543, 2597, 2768, 2790, 2884], '10': [541, 1646], 'younger,': [545, 1593, 2376], 'though': [547], 'great': [550], 'variability': [551], 'physiological,': [553], 'clinical,': [554, 1605], 'economic,': [555], 'social': [557], 'among': [559, 653, 2000, 2875, 3223], '65': [561, 573], '(3,': [564], '4).': [565], 'For': [566, 1223, 1243, 1298, 1350, 1555], 'instance,': [567], 'suicide': [568], 'risk': [569], 'doubles': [570], 'between': [571, 758, 1678, 2080, 2681, 2860], 'ages': [572, 658], '85': [575], '(6,': [576], 'p.': [577], '105).To': [578], 'our': [579, 2146, 2588], 'knowledge,': [580, 2147], 'five': [581, 1345, 1736], 'examined': [584, 770], '(7–11).': [592], 'each': [594, 1008, 1029, 1147, 1990], 'study': [595, 631, 638, 661, 684, 767, 787, 884, 1508, 1679, 1807, 1936, 2094, 2164, 2334, 2609, 2751, 2882, 2914, 2956, 3774, 4022], 'was': [597, 611, 880, 932, 1010, 1026, 1124, 1173, 1256, 1288, 1304, 1329, 1355, 1370, 1460, 1635, 1675, 1750, 2442, 2485, 2605, 2617, 2735, 2855], 'found': [598], 'safe': [601], 'effective.': [603], 'design': [605], 'limited': [612, 2981], 'use': [615, 3259, 3478], 'retrospective': [617], 'chart': [618], 'review': [619], '(7,': [620, 627], '9–11),': [621, 628], 'lack': [622], 'comparison': [625], 'group': [626, 632, 2459], 'small': [630, 1225, 1717, 2114], 'size': [633], '(9).': [634], 'only': [636, 2130, 2748], 'prospective': [637, 2163, 2750, 3772], 'which': [640], 'we': [641, 692, 1692, 2834, 2987], 'aware': [643], 'used': [644, 1204, 1636], 'rating': [647, 2169, 3516], 'scale': [648, 1037, 1115, 2045, 2704, 3517], 'examine': [650], '78': [654], 'varying': [657], '(8).': [659, 2762], 'This': [660, 2242, 2380, 2763], 'showed': [662, 1420, 2392, 2693, 2835], 'trend': [664], 'toward': [665], 'improvement': [667, 1341, 1423, 2065, 2567, 2584, 2697, 2871], 'patients.In': [676], 'context': [678], 'large': [681], 'administration': [688], 'assessment,': [691], 'age': [703, 1763, 1856, 1923, 2002, 2110, 2430, 2458, 2574, 2589, 2839, 2861, 2878, 3384, 3415], 'We': [721, 782, 2578], 'hypothesized': [722], 'receiving': [727], 'would': [729, 737, 748, 1519], 'burden': [733, 1025, 1834, 1911, 2084, 2340, 2920, 3594], 'illness,': [736, 2343], 'respond': [738, 2397, 2818], 'well': [740, 2938], 'adults': [743], 'experience': [753], 'impairment.METHODThe': [755], 'subjects': [756, 796, 2830], 'participated': [757, 1083], 'June': [759], '1992': [760], 'March': [762, 3032], '1998': [763], 'prospectively': [769], 'relationship': [772, 2859], 'resistance': [775, 4079], 'subsequent': [780], 'relapse.': [781], 'previously': [784, 2311, 2805], 'reported': [785], 'detailed': [786], 'methods': [788], 'preliminary': [790], 'results': [791, 2330, 2386], 'subgroup': [794, 2825], '(12,': [797, 1133, 2792, 2821], '13).': [798], 'Patients': [799, 953, 1640, 2032, 4192], 'hospitals': [805], '(Carrier': [806], 'Foundation,': [807], 'Belle': [808], 'Mead,': [809], 'N.J.;': [810], 'New': [811, 816, 3066, 3071, 3086, 3181, 4006], 'York': [812, 3067], 'State': [813, 1074, 1873, 2118, 2570, 2604, 2616, 2634, 2671, 3068], 'Psychiatric': [814, 829, 3051, 3069, 3108], 'Institute,': [815, 3070], 'York;': [817, 3072, 3087], 'University': [818, 833, 3058, 3093], 'Iowa': [820, 824, 3095, 3099], 'Hospitals': [821], 'Clinics,': [823], 'City;': [825], 'Western': [828, 3050, 3107], 'Institute': [830, 3052, 3109], 'Clinic,': [832, 3054], 'Pittsburgh': [835], 'Medical': [836, 1024, 3861], 'Center)': [837], 'invited': [839], 'participate': [841], 'if': [842, 860, 956, 1334, 1538], 'they': [843, 861, 957, 1388, 1393, 1407, 1418, 1451, 1539, 1728, 1732, 2061, 2541, 2708, 2944], 'met': [844], 'Research': [846, 3502], 'Diagnostic': [847, 3503], 'Criteria': [848], '(RDC)': [849], '(14)': [850], 'episode': [853, 931, 1154], 'primary,': [855], 'score': [864, 1688, 1836, 2100], '(15).': [876], 'Written': [877], 'informed': [878], 'consent': [879], 'obtained': [881, 2638], 'all': [883, 938, 1194, 1244, 1325, 1457, 1557, 2573], 'after': [886, 1342, 1649, 2092, 2121, 2576, 2624, 3001], 'procedures': [888], 'been': [890, 1409, 1522, 1541, 2309, 2514], 'fully': [891, 1390], 'explained.The': [892], 'interviewed': [895], 'Schedule': [900, 3540], 'Affective': [902, 3542], 'Disorders': [903, 3543], 'Schizophrenia': [905], '(16).': [906], 'Diagnoses': [907], 'then': [909], 'made': [910, 2856], 'according': [911, 1258], 'RDC': [915, 941], 'DSM-III-R.': [917], 'If': [918], 'present': [922, 2333, 2631, 2955], 'any': [924, 2586], 'time': [925, 1564, 2657, 4051], 'during': [926, 1151, 1424, 2438, 2674, 2972, 2996, 3870, 3919, 4030, 4057], 'episode,': [929], 'classified': [933, 1125, 1654], 'psychotic.': [935], 'almost': [937, 1398], 'cases': [939], 'DSM': [943, 948], 'diagnoses': [944, 949, 1741], 'identical,': [946], 'presented': [951], 'here.': [952], 'excluded': [955], 'history': [960, 971], 'schizophrenia,': [962], 'schizoaffective': [963], 'disorder,': [964], 'other': [966, 984, 1250, 2749], 'functional': [967], 'psychosis,': [968], 'neurological': [973], 'injury': [974], 'disorder': [976], '(including': [977], 'dementing': [979], 'disorder),': [980], 'abused': [982], 'substances': [983], 'nicotine': [986], 'within': [987, 998, 1047], 'past': [989, 1000, 1283, 1426], 'year,': [990], 'course': [995, 2441, 2658, 2676, 4052], '6': [1001], 'months.Before': [1002], 'treatment,': [1003, 1301, 2627], 'status': [1006], 'patient': [1009, 1272, 1336], 'assessed': [1011], 'modified': [1014, 1480], 'version': [1015, 1059], 'Cumulative': [1018, 1838, 2088, 2351, 3560, 3603], 'Illness': [1019, 1839, 2089, 2352, 3561, 3604], 'Scale—Geriatrics': [1021, 1841], '(17,': [1022], '18).': [1023], 'rated': [1027, 1055, 1846], '14': [1031], 'organ': [1032], 'systems': [1033, 1845], '5-point': [1036], '(0=no': [1038], 'problem,': [1039], '1=mild,': [1040], '2=moderate,': [1041], '3=severe,': [1042], '4=extremely': [1043], 'severe).Before': [1044], 'starting': [1045], '3': [1048, 1167, 3299], 'days': [1049], 'completing': [1051], 'ECT,': [1052, 1352, 1975], 'scale,': [1064], 'Global': [1066, 3623], 'Assessment': [1067, 3624], '(GAS)': [1069], '(19),': [1070], 'Mini-Mental': [1073, 1872, 2117, 2569, 2603, 2615, 2633, 2670], '(20).': [1075], 'To': [1076], 'ensure': [1077], 'interrater': [1079], 'reliability,': [1080], 'raters': [1082], 'annual': [1085, 3021], 'training': [1086], 'sessions': [1087], 'research': [1089], 'interviews': [1090], 'videotaped': [1092], 'independently': [1094], 're-rated': [1095], 'off-site': [1098, 1107], 'rater.': [1099], 'Intraclass': [1100], 'correlation': [1101], 'coefficients': [1102], 'site': [1105, 1232], 'ratings': [1108], 'exceeded': [1109], '0.90': [1110], 'GAS.': [1117, 2070], 'Resistance': [1118, 3444], 'antidepressant': [1120, 2905, 3446], 'using': [1127, 1463, 1668, 1698, 2167], 'Antidepressant': [1129, 3241], 'History': [1131, 4246], 'Form': [1132], '13),': [1134], 'duration,': [1137], 'oral': [1138], 'dose,': [1139], 'blood': [1140], 'levels,': [1141], 'compliance,': [1142], 'trial': [1149, 2907], 'taken': [1155], 'into': [1156, 1582], 'account.All': [1157], 'medications': [1159, 1560, 3447], '(with': [1160, 1709], 'exception': [1162], 'lorazepam,': [1164], 'up': [1165, 1488], 'mg/day)': [1168], 'tapered': [1170], 'started.': [1174], 'either': [1178, 1215, 1378, 1726], 'd’Elia': [1184], 'placement': [1185, 1236, 1255, 1328, 3717], 'bifrontotemporal': [1191], 'placement.': [1192], 'sites': [1195, 1251], 'same': [1197, 2737], 'titration': [1198], 'schedule—a': [1199], '“methods': [1200], 'limits”': [1202], 'procedure—was': [1203], 'empirically': [1206, 1313, 1360, 2490], 'quantify': [1207], 'threshold': [1209, 1318, 1364, 1537, 1988, 2414, 2427, 3681, 3969], 'first': [1212], '(21,': [1221, 2431], '22).': [1222], 'number': [1226, 1374, 1718, 1843, 2006, 2153], 'one': [1231, 1544, 2904], '(N=36),': [1233], 'initial': [1234, 1253, 1962, 2451, 3974], 'electrode': [1235, 1254, 1327, 3716], 'stimulus': [1238, 1302, 1353, 1527, 2436, 2483, 2504, 3713], 'intensity': [1239, 1303, 1354, 1528, 2437, 2484, 2505, 3714], 'selected': [1241, 2288], 'randomly.': [1242], '(N=232),': [1252], 'decided': [1257, 1446], 'following': [1261], 'guidelines:': [1262], 'started': [1264], 'unless': [1270], 'not': [1274, 1338, 1520, 1722, 1926, 2580, 2899, 2975, 2989], 'responded': [1275, 1391, 2900], 'patient’s': [1286, 1293], 'so': [1289], 'psychiatrist': [1294], 'requested': [1295], 'increased': [1305], 'minimum': [1308], '150%': [1310, 1357, 2487], 'above': [1311, 1358, 2488, 2511], 'determined': [1314, 1361, 2491], '(i.e.,': [1319, 1365, 1392, 2494, 2897], '2.5': [1320, 1366, 1531, 2495], 'times': [1321, 1367, 1532, 2496], 'threshold).': [1323], 'sites,': [1326, 1458], 'switched': [1330, 2466], 'did': [1337, 1721, 1925, 2579, 2988], 'show': [1339], 'significant': [1340, 1998, 2078, 2566], 'treatments.': [1349, 1429, 2479], 'set': [1356, 2486], 'threshold).There': [1369], 'no': [1371, 1421, 1751, 1997, 2461, 2643, 2788], 'preset': [1372], 'maximum': [1373], 'treatments': [1376, 1416, 1737, 2008], 'modality.': [1379], 'All': [1380], 'encouraged': [1383], 'continue': [1385], 'until': [1387, 1406], 'complete': [1396, 1399, 1455, 2363], 'resolution': [1400], 'their': [1402, 1433, 1740, 2449, 2729], 'symptoms)': [1404], '8–12': [1414], 'further': [1422, 1671], '2–3': [1427], 'Some': [1430], '(or': [1432, 1498], 'attending': [1434], 'psychiatrists)': [1435], 'refused': [1436], 'switch': [1438], 'and/or': [1445], 'discontinue': [1448], 'recommended': [1454], 'course.At': [1456], 'administered': [1461, 2618], 'custom-modified': [1465], 'brief-pulse,': [1466], 'constant-current': [1467], 'MECTA': [1468, 3137], 'SR1': [1469], 'device': [1470], '(Lake': [1471], 'Oswego,': [1472], 'Ore.).': [1473], 'devices': [1476, 1548], 'calibrated': [1478], 'similarly': [1481], 'deliver': [1483], 'maximal': [1485], 'energy': [1486], '200': [1490, 1496], 'J': [1491, 3210, 3248, 3320, 3342, 3387, 3418, 3455, 3490, 3523, 3564, 3664, 3729, 3755, 3781, 3811, 3830, 3873, 3897, 3922, 4033, 4063], 'impedance': [1494], 'Ω': [1497], '1250': [1499], 'mC).': [1500], 'Thirteen': [1501], '(4.6%)': [1502], 'thresholds': [1513, 2493], '240': [1516], 'mC': [1517], 'able': [1523, 2361], 'equal': [1529], 'commercial': [1547], 'currently': [1549, 2800], 'available': [1550], 'United': [1553, 3292], 'States.': [1554], 'virtually': [1556], 'given': [1561], 'included': [1567, 1712], 'atropine': [1568], '(0.4': [1569], 'mg': [1570], 'i.v.),': [1571], 'methohexital': [1572], '(0.75–1.0': [1573, 1577], 'mg/kg),': [1574], 'succinylcholine': [1576], 'mg/kg).The': [1578], 'divided': [1581], 'basis': [1587], 'age:': [1589], '59': [1590, 1769, 1825, 1979, 2034, 2214], '60': [1594, 1779, 1902, 2056, 2689], 'years,': [1597], 'older.': [1602, 1918], 'demographic,': [1604], 'chi-square': [1616, 1669], 'analyses': [1617, 1619], 'variance': [1621], '(ANOVAs),': [1622], 'indicated;': [1624], 'when': [1625, 2549, 2600], 'statistical': [1626, 1752, 2128, 2853], 'differences': [1627, 1999, 2867], 'found,': [1629], 'Tukey': [1631], 'post': [1632], 'hoc': [1633], 'test': [1634], 'pairwise': [1638], 'comparisons.': [1639], 'completion': [1650, 2649, 2682], 'responders,': [1656], 'rates': [1660, 2786, 2949, 2991], 'analyses.To': [1670], 'explore': [1672], 'whether': [1673], 'interaction': [1677], 'site,': [1680, 2095], 'burden,': [1683], 'pre-ECT': [1685, 2097], 'predicting': [1690], 'response,': [1691, 2284, 2847, 2984], 'also': [1693, 1876], 'performed': [1694], 'logistic': [1696, 2072], 'regression': [1697, 2073], 'variables': [1700], 'predictors': [1702], 'dependent': [1707], 'variable': [1708], 'partial': [1710], 'responders': [1711], 'nonresponder': [1715], 'group).A': [1716], 'post-ECT': [1724, 2042, 2602], 'scores,': [1725], 'because': [1727, 1739], 'discontinued': [1729], 'changed': [1743], 'once': [1744, 2852], 'information': [1746], 'became': [1747], 'available.': [1748], 'difference': [1753], 'proportions': [1756], '“dropouts”': [1759], 'across': [1760], 'groups:': [1764], '15.0%': [1765], '(20': [1773], '133),': [1775], '12.7%': [1776], 'old': [1783, 3010, 3245], '(eight': [1784], '63),': [1786], '8.3%': [1788], '(six': [1795], '72)': [1797], '(χ2=1.90,': [1798], 'df=2,': [1799], 'p=0.39).RESULTSDemographic': [1800], 'contrasted': [1810], '1.': [1813], 'When': [1814], 'aged': [1824, 1901, 1914, 1978, 2033, 2055, 2156, 2213], '(total': [1835], 'having': [1848], 'extremely': [1852], 'problem),': [1854], 'onset': [1858], 'smaller': [1862, 2064, 2696], 'proportion': [1863, 2889], 'melancholia,': [1867], 'mean': [1870, 2119], 'score.': [1874], 'They': [1875], 'past,': [1886], 'longer': [1888, 2789], 'current': [1889], 'episodes,': [1890], 'resistant.': [1898], 'Otherwise,': [1919], 'two': [1921, 2653], 'differ.table': [1927], '2': [1928], 'presents': [1929], 'function': [1940], 'type:': [1943], 'only,': [1946, 1949], '(patients': [1956], 'randomly': [1959], 'assigned': [1960], 'excluded).': [1971], 'With': [1972, 4193], 'groups.': [1994, 2590], 'total': [2005], 'likelihood': [2010], 'switching': [2012], 'ECT.The': [2017], 'therapeutic': [2018, 2519], 'summarized': [2028], '3.': [2031], 'pre-': [2040], 'years.': [2059], 'Similarly,': [2060], 'measured': [2067], 'A': [2071, 3536, 3748, 3771, 4020, 4105, 4139], 'failed': [2074], 'reveal': [2076], 'association': [2079, 2850], '(score': [2085], 'Scale—Geriatrics)': [2091], 'controlled': [2102], '(χ2=0.15,': [2104], 'df=1,': [2105], 'p=0.70).': [2106], 'groups,': [2111], 'decreases': [2115], '(table': [2123], '3);': [2124], 'decrease': [2126], 'reached': [2127], 'significance': [2129], 'youngest': [2133], '(t=3.4,': [2135], 'df=84,': [2136], 'p=0.001;': [2137], 'young-old:': [2138], 't=0.9,': [2139], 'df=33,': [2140], 'p=0.40;': [2141], 'old-old:': [2142], 't=1.1,': [2143], 'df=27,': [2144], 'p=0.28).DISCUSSIONTo': [2145], 'report': [2149], 'includes': [2150], 'largest': [2152], 'enrolled': [2160], 'scales.': [2170], 'findings': [2172], 'deserve': [2173], 'comment.The': [2174], 'years).': [2201], 'contrast,': [2203], 'along': [2207], 'several': [2208, 2958], 'dimensions': [2209], 'younger.': [2217], 'suggests': [2243, 2915], 'many': [2246, 2526, 2798], 'cases,': [2247], 'degree': [2249], 'geriatric': [2255, 3864, 3895], 'warranted': [2257], 'rapid': [2258], 'intervention.': [2259], 'faster': [2263], 'pharmacotherapy,': [2269], 'relative': [2271], 'absence': [2272], 'drug': [2274], 'interactions,': [2275], 'early': [2280], 'intervention': [2281], 'first-line': [2291], '(5,': [2300], '23,': [2301], '24).The': [2302], 'safety': [2303, 3406, 3891, 3945], 'efficacy': [2305, 2520, 3377, 3408, 3720, 3943], 'demonstrated': [2310], 'depressed': [2313, 2358, 3805], 'cardiovascular': [2316], 'disease': [2317, 3222], '(25)': [2318], 'stroke': [2320], '(26)': [2321], 'physically': [2324, 2377, 2394, 2407], 'ill': [2325, 2395, 3843], '(27).': [2328], 'confirm': [2335], 'despite': [2337, 2448, 2917], 'indicated': [2345], 'Scale—Geriatrics,': [2354], 'benefit': [2365], 'healthier': [2378, 2408], 'patients.': [2379, 3246], 'finding': [2381], 'congruent': [2383], 'previous': [2389, 2558], '(25,': [2410], '28–30).The': [2411], 'consistent': [2420], 'repeated': [2423], 'observation': [2424], 'increases': [2428], '31,': [2432], '32).': [2433], 'Since': [2434], 'based': [2443], 'individual': [2445], 'threshold,': [2447, 3936], 'Of': [2480, 2727], 'note,': [2481, 2728], 'threshold)': [2497, 2512], 'since': [2498, 2540], 'below': [2506], '(e.g.,': [2509, 2780], 'just': [2510], 'has': [2513, 2957], 'shown': [2515], 'minimal': [2518], '(22).': [2521], 'favorable': [2523], 'particular': [2538], 'importance': [2539], 'susceptible': [2545], 'persistent': [2547], 'confusion': [2548], '(24,': [2554], '29,': [2555], '33).In': [2556], 'Wilkinson': [2560, 2611, 3329], 'et': [2561, 2612], 'al.': [2562], '(8)': [2563], 'observed': [2564], 'observe': [2581], 'such': [2582], 'reasons': [2592], 'discrepancy': [2595], 'could': [2596], 'related': [2598], 'administered.': [2606], 'al.,': [2613], '72': [2619, 2646], 'hours': [2620, 2647], '1': [2622, 4249, 4255], 'week': [2623], 'final': [2626], 'day': [2640], 'after,': [2641, 2648], 'side': [2661, 4055], 'effects': [2662, 3338, 3723, 3988, 4056], 'inpatients': [2667], '(34,': [2668], '35),': [2669], 'decreased': [2673], 'improved': [2680], 'discharge.Younger': [2686], '(under': [2688], 'age)': [2692], 'GAS,': [2706], 'categorical': [2714], 'values.': [2726], 'relatively': [2730], 'low': [2731], '(54.6%)': [2734], 'compare': [2753], 'appears': [2766], 'high': [2772], 'historically': [2776], '70%–90%).': [2781], '“historical”': [2784], 'should': [2787, 3011], 'expected': [2791], '36).': [2793, 2822], 'unsuccessful': [2807], 'trials,': [2809], 'treatment-resistant': [2812], '(100': [2826], 'patients)': [2827], 'report,': [2833], '(12)': [2836], 'disappeared': [2851], 'adjustment': [2854], 'resistance.': [2864], 'Thus,': [2865], 'magnitude': [2869], 'different': [2877], 'might': [2883], 'attributed': [2885], 'resistant': [2896], 'ECT).In': [2911], 'conclusion,': [2912], 'limitations.': [2959], 'Specific': [2960], 'indications': [2961], 'transient': [2965], 'complications': [2966, 3801], 'some': [2967], 'reported.': [2976], 'Our': [2977], 'thus': [2986], 'assess': [2990], 'relapse': [2993], 'recurrence': [2995], 'continuation': [2997], 'maintenance': [2999], 'Future': [3003], 'address': [3012], 'important': [3014], 'issues.Presented': [3015], 'part': [3017, 3124], '11th': [3020], 'meeting': [3022], 'Association': [3026], 'Geriatric': [3028, 3267], 'Psychiatry,': [3029, 3057, 3065, 3092, 4124, 4183, 4232], 'San': [3030], 'Diego,': [3031], '8–11,': [3033], '1998.': [3034], 'Received': [3035], 'Oct.': [3036], '20,': [3037], '1998;': [3038, 3212, 3421, 3758], 'revision': [3039], 'May': [3041, 3045], '24,': [3042], '1999;': [3043], 'accepted': [3044], '28,': [3046], '1999.': [3047], 'From': [3048], 'Department': [3055, 3062, 3090], 'Pittsburgh;': [3060], 'Biological': [3064], 'Departments': [3074], 'Psychiatry': [3076, 3211, 3250, 3344, 3361, 3389, 3420, 3456, 3491, 3548, 3607, 3637, 3687, 3757, 3783, 3812, 3832, 3923, 3978, 4035, 4065, 4086], 'Radiology,': [3078], 'College': [3079], 'Physicians': [3081], 'Surgeons,': [3083], 'Columbia': [3084], 'University,': [3085], 'School': [3096], 'Medicine,': [3098], 'City.': [3100], 'Address': [3101], 'reprint': [3102], 'requests': [3103], 'Dr.': [3105], 'Clinic': [3111], '(E1226),': [3112], '3811': [3113], 'O’Hara': [3114], 'St.,': [3115], 'Pittsburgh,': [3116], 'PA,': [3117], '15213;': [3118], '[email': [3119], 'protected]': [3120], '(e-mail).': [3121], 'Supported': [3122], 'NIMH': [3126], 'grants': [3127], 'MH-30915,': [3128], 'MH-35636,': [3129], 'MH-48512,': [3130], 'MH-52247,': [3131], 'MH-57009,': [3132], 'MH-01613,': [3133], 'MH-00295,': [3134], 'MH-19986.': [3136], 'Corporation': [3138], 'donated': [3139], 'equipment': [3140], 'investigators.': [3143], 'thank': [3146], 'Tracy': [3147], 'Flynn,': [3148], 'Kerith': [3151], 'Spignall,': [3152], 'assistance': [3155], 'collection.TABLE': [3158], '1Enlarge': [3159], 'tableTABLE': [3160, 3162], '2Enlarge': [3161], '3Enlarge': [3163], 'tableReferences1.': [3164], 'Mulsant': [3165, 3430, 3461, 3585, 3763, 4016], 'BH,': [3166, 3431, 3462, 3764, 4017], 'Sweeney': [3167], 'JA:': [3168], 'Electroconvulsive': [3169, 3316, 3353, 3823, 3838], 'therapy,': [3170, 3972, 3991], 'Handbook': [3172], 'Neuropsychology': [3174], 'Aging.': [3176], 'Edited': [3177, 3269, 3998], 'Nussbaum': [3179], 'PD.': [3180], 'York,': [3182, 4007], 'Plenum,': [3183], '1997,': [3184], 'pp': [3185, 3278, 4011], '508–514Google': [3186], 'Scholar2.': [3187], 'Olfson': [3188], 'M,': [3189, 3191, 3402], 'Marcus': [3190], 'Sackeim': [3192, 3256, 3442, 3475, 3672, 3693, 3798, 3927, 3984, 4074], 'HA,': [3193, 3673, 3694, 3928, 4075], 'Thompson': [3194], 'J,': [3195, 3284, 3427, 3466, 3499, 3533, 3615, 3696, 3766, 3856, 3961, 4015, 4073], 'Pincus': [3196], 'HA:': [3197, 3257, 3443, 3476, 3799, 3985], 'Use': [3198], 'inpatient': [3203], 'recurrent': [3206], 'Am': [3209, 3247, 3321, 3386, 3454, 3489, 3565, 3810, 3874, 3898, 3921, 3952], '155:22–29Link,': [3213], 'Google': [3214, 3254, 3302, 3327, 3347, 3365, 3393, 3424, 3459, 3494, 3509, 3530, 3552, 3571, 3612, 3641, 3670, 3691, 3734, 3761, 3788, 3815, 3849, 3880, 3904, 3956, 3982, 4038, 4070, 4091], 'Scholar3.': [3215], 'Minaker': [3216], 'KL,': [3217], 'Rowe': [3218], 'J:': [3219, 3621, 3932], 'Health': [3220, 3287, 3297], 'old:': [3226], 'perspective.': [3229], 'Milbank': [3230], 'Q': [3231], '1985;': [3232], '63:324–349Google': [3233], 'Scholar4.': [3234], 'Salzman': [3235, 3271], 'C,': [3236, 3398], 'Schneider': [3237], 'L,': [3238, 3400, 3702], 'Lebowitz': [3239], 'B:': [3240, 3404], 'very': [3244, 3357], 'Geriatr': [3249, 3322, 3343, 3388, 3419, 3566, 3756, 3782, 3875, 3899, 4034, 4064], '1993;': [3251, 3300, 3345, 3731, 3813, 4067], '1:21–29Crossref,': [3252], 'Medline,': [3253, 3326, 3364, 3392, 3423, 3529, 3551, 3570, 3611, 3640, 3669, 3690, 3733, 3760, 3787, 3879, 3903, 3955, 3981, 4069, 4090], 'Scholar5.': [3255], 'electroconvulsive': [3261, 3379, 3410, 3683, 3725, 3776, 3871, 3947, 3971, 3990, 4058, 4084], 'therapy': [3262, 3317, 3354, 3380, 3411, 3777, 3824, 3839, 4059], 'late-life': [3264, 3779], 'Psychopharmacology.': [3268], 'C.': [3272], 'Baltimore,': [3273], 'Williams': [3274], '&': [3275], 'Wilkins,': [3276], '1998,': [3277], '262–309Google': [3279], 'Scholar6.': [3280], 'Furner': [3281], 'SE,': [3282, 3646], 'Maurer': [3283], 'Rosenberg': [3285], 'H:': [3286, 3374, 3860], 'Americans:': [3291], 'States,': [3293], '1992:': [3294], 'mortality.': [3295], 'Vital': [3296], 'Stat': [3298], '27:77–112Medline,': [3301], 'Scholar7.': [3303], 'Cattan': [3304], 'RA,': [3305], 'Barry': [3306], 'PP,': [3307], 'Mead': [3308], 'G,': [3309], 'Reefe': [3310], 'WE,': [3311], 'Gay': [3312], 'A,': [3313], 'Silverman': [3314], 'M:': [3315, 3512, 3967], 'octogenarians.': [3319], 'Soc': [3323, 3524, 3567, 3876, 3900], '1990;': [3324, 4088], '38:753–758Crossref,': [3325], 'Scholar8.': [3328], 'AM,': [3330], 'Anderson': [3331], 'DN,': [3332], 'Peters': [3333], 'S:': [3334, 3679], 'Age': [3335, 4100], 'Int': [3341, 3417, 3754, 4032], '8:401–406Crossref,': [3346], 'Scholar9.': [3348], 'Casey': [3349], 'DA,': [3350, 4043], 'Davis': [3351], 'MH:': [3352], 'old.': [3358], 'Gen': [3359, 3547, 3636, 3686], 'Hosp': [3360], '1996;': [3362, 3457], '18:436–439Crossref,': [3363], 'Scholar10.': [3366], 'Tomac': [3367], 'TA,': [3368, 3370], 'Rummans': [3369], 'Pileggi': [3371], 'TS,': [3372], 'Li': [3373], 'Safety': [3375], '85.': [3385], '1997;': [3390, 3492], '5:126–130Crossref,': [3391], 'Scholar11.': [3394], 'Gormley': [3395], 'N,': [3396, 3858], 'Cullen': [3397], 'Walters': [3399], 'Philpot': [3401], 'Lawlor': [3403], '75.': [3416], '13:871–874Crossref,': [3422], 'Scholar12.': [3425], 'Prudic': [3426, 3465, 3695, 3931, 4072], 'Haskett': [3428, 3463], 'RF,': [3429, 3464], 'Malone': [3432, 3469], 'KM,': [3433, 3470], 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