Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1875543681', 'doi': None, 'title': 'Cataracts in galactosemia. The Jonas S. Friedenwald Memorial Lecture.', 'display_name': 'Cataracts in galactosemia. The Jonas S. Friedenwald Memorial Lecture.', 'publication_year': 1965, 'publication_date': '1965-10-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1875543681', 'mag': '1875543681', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5831988'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5831988', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5064904464', 'display_name': 'Jin H. Kinoshita', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1287163989', 'display_name': 'Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04g3dn724', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1287163989']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Jin H. Kinoshita', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Howe Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, and the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Boston, Mass.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Howe Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, and the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Boston, Mass.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1287163989']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5064904464'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1287163989'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.828, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 115, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.971809, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '4', 'issue': '5', 'first_page': '786', 'last_page': '99'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11480', 'display_name': 'Structure and Function of Gap Junctions and Connexins', 'score': 0.9674, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11480', 'display_name': 'Structure and Function of Gap Junctions and Connexins', 'score': 0.9674, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/galactosemia', 'display_name': 'Galactosemia', 'score': 0.89672863}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cataract-formation', 'display_name': 'Cataract Formation', 'score': 0.551604}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779274956', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q774483', 'display_name': 'Galactosemia', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.89672863}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780225610', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127724', 'display_name': 'Cataracts', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.80389315}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C119767625', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618211', 'display_name': 'Optometry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3332563}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.32163334}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C118487528', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437', 'display_name': 'Ophthalmology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.31503606}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.20698908}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.045481592}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778173381', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66589593', 'display_name': 'Galactose', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.044892877}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D002386', 'descriptor_name': 'Cataract', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000209', 'qualifier_name': 'etiology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005693', 'descriptor_name': 'Galactosemias', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000150', 'qualifier_name': 'complications', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007908', 'descriptor_name': 'Lens, Crystalline', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000255', 'descriptor_name': 'Adenosine Triphosphate', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000438', 'descriptor_name': 'Alcohols', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000596', 'descriptor_name': 'Amino Acids', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001082', 'descriptor_name': 'Aqueous Humor', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002386', 'descriptor_name': 'Cataract', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005690', 'descriptor_name': 'Galactose', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005690', 'descriptor_name': 'Galactose', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005693', 'descriptor_name': 'Galactosemias', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007474', 'descriptor_name': 'Ion Exchange', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009995', 'descriptor_name': 'Osmosis', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010539', 'descriptor_name': 'Permeability', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011188', 'descriptor_name': 'Potassium', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D051381', 'descriptor_name': 'Rats', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012964', 'descriptor_name': 'Sodium', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5831988', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 38, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1524098774', 'https://openalex.org/W1537012461', 'https://openalex.org/W1570626860', 'https://openalex.org/W173174743', 'https://openalex.org/W1829487208', 'https://openalex.org/W192434006', 'https://openalex.org/W1965731177', 'https://openalex.org/W1966433522', 'https://openalex.org/W1970929046', 'https://openalex.org/W1982070786', 'https://openalex.org/W1984056514', 'https://openalex.org/W1985183778', 'https://openalex.org/W1985485840', 'https://openalex.org/W1998820568', 'https://openalex.org/W2011381119', 'https://openalex.org/W2026610730', 'https://openalex.org/W2032260919', 'https://openalex.org/W2048098686', 'https://openalex.org/W2065112838', 'https://openalex.org/W2077061220', 'https://openalex.org/W2087793906', 'https://openalex.org/W2092171010', 'https://openalex.org/W2093005770', 'https://openalex.org/W2135241922', 'https://openalex.org/W2151946540', 'https://openalex.org/W2165646315', 'https://openalex.org/W2192610135', 'https://openalex.org/W2313864561', 'https://openalex.org/W233011416', 'https://openalex.org/W2397908043', 'https://openalex.org/W2404244903', 'https://openalex.org/W2416282639', 'https://openalex.org/W2463469338', 'https://openalex.org/W3050186', 'https://openalex.org/W31278155', 'https://openalex.org/W46568576', 'https://openalex.org/W53898769', 'https://openalex.org/W99055959'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2415152901', 'https://openalex.org/W2411759731', 'https://openalex.org/W2408913309', 'https://openalex.org/W2095463267', 'https://openalex.org/W2091449980', 'https://openalex.org/W2084047022', 'https://openalex.org/W2035784978', 'https://openalex.org/W2021741133', 'https://openalex.org/W2020628793', 'https://openalex.org/W1975700625'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1875543681', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-08-31T14:02:35.738687', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}