Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1790425259', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.3050', 'title': 'Somatic and gastrointestinal in vivo biotransformation rates of hydrophobic chemicals in fish', 'display_name': 'Somatic and gastrointestinal in vivo biotransformation rates of hydrophobic chemicals in fish', 'publication_year': 2015, 'publication_date': '2015-05-02', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1790425259', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.3050', 'mag': '1790425259', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25939596'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.3050', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S136710263', 'display_name': 'Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry', 'issn_l': '0730-7268', 'issn': ['0730-7268', '1552-8618'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5078867511', 'display_name': 'Justin C. Lo', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I18014758', 'display_name': 'Simon Fraser University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0213rcc28', 'country_code': 'CA', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I18014758']}], 'countries': ['CA'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Justin C. Lo', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['*Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': '*Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I18014758']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5022135015', 'display_name': 'David A. Campbell', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8722-4450'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I18014758', 'display_name': 'Simon Fraser University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0213rcc28', 'country_code': 'CA', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I18014758']}], 'countries': ['CA'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'David A. Campbell', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, British Columbia, Canada.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, British Columbia, Canada.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I18014758']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5112019938', 'display_name': 'Christopher J. Kennedy', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I18014758', 'display_name': 'Simon Fraser University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0213rcc28', 'country_code': 'CA', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I18014758']}], 'countries': ['CA'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Christopher J. Kennedy', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['*Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': '*Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I18014758']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5059504272', 'display_name': 'Frank A. P. C. Gobas', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7829-8260'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I18014758', 'display_name': 'Simon Fraser University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0213rcc28', 'country_code': 'CA', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I18014758']}], 'countries': ['CA'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Frank A.P.C. Gobas', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['School of Resource and Environmental Management, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Resource and Environmental Management, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I18014758']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3400, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3400, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 2.15, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 29, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.845855, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 93, 'max': 94}, 'biblio': {'volume': '34', 'issue': '10', 'first_page': '2282', 'last_page': '2294'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10447', 'display_name': 'Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology', 'score': 0.9964, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2307', 'display_name': 'Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10447', 'display_name': 'Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology', 'score': 0.9964, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2307', 'display_name': 'Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10686', 'display_name': 'Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals', 'score': 0.9961, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2307', 'display_name': 'Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10122', 'display_name': 'Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact', 'score': 0.9925, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2307', 'display_name': 'Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/biotransformation', 'display_name': 'Biotransformation', 'score': 0.99155015}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/biomagnification', 'display_name': 'Biomagnification', 'score': 0.44140658}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C27881333', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864895', 'display_name': 'Biotransformation', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.99155015}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71572567', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864231', 'display_name': 'Bioaccumulation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.85982007}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C107872376', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355', 'display_name': 'Environmental chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5166724}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.4938379}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C8139548', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2304799', 'display_name': 'Biomagnification', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.44140658}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780512811', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11829360', 'display_name': 'Gastrointestinal tract', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41240582}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.2973747}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C181199279', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047', 'display_name': 'Enzyme', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.058191}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D004784', 'descriptor_name': 'Environmental Monitoring', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D041981', 'descriptor_name': 'Gastrointestinal Tract', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D057927', 'descriptor_name': 'Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D017686', 'descriptor_name': 'Oncorhynchus mykiss', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001711', 'descriptor_name': 'Biotransformation', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004032', 'descriptor_name': 'Diet', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D041981', 'descriptor_name': 'Gastrointestinal Tract', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007700', 'descriptor_name': 'Kinetics', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008055', 'descriptor_name': 'Lipids', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000737', 'qualifier_name': 'chemistry', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008055', 'descriptor_name': 'Lipids', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D017686', 'descriptor_name': 'Oncorhynchus mykiss', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.3050', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S136710263', 'display_name': 'Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry', 'issn_l': '0730-7268', 'issn': ['0730-7268', '1552-8618'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25939596', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 34, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1484799206', 'https://openalex.org/W1830991328', 'https://openalex.org/W1965152879', 'https://openalex.org/W1976066198', 'https://openalex.org/W1983140674', 'https://openalex.org/W1995155741', 'https://openalex.org/W2000448208', 'https://openalex.org/W2009070262', 'https://openalex.org/W2021133788', 'https://openalex.org/W2028451685', 'https://openalex.org/W2047571907', 'https://openalex.org/W2053553229', 'https://openalex.org/W2057245310', 'https://openalex.org/W2064817565', 'https://openalex.org/W2065696973', 'https://openalex.org/W2069821270', 'https://openalex.org/W2072876427', 'https://openalex.org/W2074513481', 'https://openalex.org/W2078527697', 'https://openalex.org/W2088967200', 'https://openalex.org/W2089324825', 'https://openalex.org/W2108188599', 'https://openalex.org/W2118228522', 'https://openalex.org/W2132366559', 'https://openalex.org/W2133234235', 'https://openalex.org/W2135583662', 'https://openalex.org/W2136727831', 'https://openalex.org/W2139009293', 'https://openalex.org/W2144699649', 'https://openalex.org/W2147215388', 'https://openalex.org/W2154380528', 'https://openalex.org/W2156828620', 'https://openalex.org/W2185754965', 'https://openalex.org/W4211033958'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4311364212', 'https://openalex.org/W4246950285', 'https://openalex.org/W3101019655', 'https://openalex.org/W2902459209', 'https://openalex.org/W2386220892', 'https://openalex.org/W2385457462', 'https://openalex.org/W2379547919', 'https://openalex.org/W2378489058', 'https://openalex.org/W2112669539', 'https://openalex.org/W2063690946'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'To': [0], 'improve': [1], 'current': [2], 'bioaccumulation': [3, 46, 178], 'assessment': [4], 'methods,': [5], 'a': [6], 'methodology': [7], 'is': [8, 135], 'developed,': [9], 'applied,': [10], 'and': [11, 27, 41, 56, 75, 166, 183, 207, 215], 'investigated': [12], 'for': [13, 38, 67, 109, 162], 'measuring': [14], 'in': [15, 23, 104, 127, 168, 193, 217], 'vivo': [16, 219], 'biotransformation': [17, 58, 64, 83, 97, 103, 108, 126, 140, 164, 176, 181, 209, 213, 220], 'rates': [18, 59, 165, 182], 'of': [19, 30, 60, 125, 139, 157, 175, 188], 'hydrophobic': [20], 'organic': [21], 'substances': [22, 112, 146], 'the': [24, 31, 36, 68, 101, 122, 133, 136, 149, 155, 173, 185, 194, 200], 'body': [25], '(soma)': [26], 'gastrointestinal': [28, 57, 195, 208], 'tract': [29], 'fish.': [32, 128], 'The': [33, 129, 151], 'method': [34], 'resembles': [35], 'Organisation': [37], 'Economic': [39], 'Co-operation': [40], 'Development': [42], '(OECD)': [43], '305': [44, 202], 'dietary': [45], 'test': [47, 61, 69, 111, 203, 216], 'but': [48, 113], 'includes': [49], 'reference': [50], 'chemicals': [51, 70, 189], 'to': [52, 90, 100, 144, 171, 211], 'determine': [53], 'both': [54], 'somatic': [55, 107, 163, 206], 'chemicals.': [62], 'Somatic': [63], 'rate': [65, 84], 'constants': [66, 85], 'ranged': [71], 'between': [72], '0': [73, 88], 'd(-1)': [74, 89, 94], '0.38': [76], '(standard': [77], 'error': [78], '[SE]': [79], '0.03)/d(-1)': [80], '.': [81, 95], 'Gastrointestinal': [82, 96], 'varied': [86], 'from': [87], '46': [91], '(SE': [92], '7)': [93], 'contributed': [98], 'more': [99], 'overall': [102], 'fish': [105], 'than': [106], 'all': [110], '1.': [114], 'Results': [115], 'suggest': [116, 153], 'that': [117, 132, 154, 190], 'biomagnification': [118, 186], 'tests': [119], 'can': [120, 179, 204], 'reveal': [121], 'full': [123], 'extent': [124], 'common': [130], 'presumption': [131], 'liver': [134], 'main': [137], 'site': [138], 'may': [141], 'not': [142], 'apply': [143], 'many': [145], 'exposed': [147], 'through': [148], 'diet.': [150], 'results': [152], 'application': [156], 'quantitative': [158], 'structure-activity': [159], 'relationships': [160], '(QSARs)': [161], 'hepatic': [167], 'vitro': [169], 'models': [170], 'assess': [172], 'effect': [174], 'on': [177], 'underestimate': [180], 'overestimate': [184], 'potential': [187], 'are': [191], 'biotransformed': [192], 'tract.': [196], 'With': [197], 'some': [198], 'modifications,': [199], 'OECD': [201], 'generate': [205], 'data': [210], 'develop': [212], 'QSARs': [214], 'vitro-in': [218], 'extrapolation': [221], 'methods.': [222]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1790425259', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 6}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-07T17:45:48.255161', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}