Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1651661950', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-9987.2010.00882.x', 'title': 'Role of Indoxyl Sulfate in the Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Disease: Experimental and Clinical Effects of Oral Sorbent AST‐120', 'display_name': 'Role of Indoxyl Sulfate in the Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Disease: Experimental and Clinical Effects of Oral Sorbent AST‐120', 'publication_year': 2011, 'publication_date': '2011-01-25', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1651661950', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-9987.2010.00882.x', 'mag': '1651661950', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21426500'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-9987.2010.00882.x', 'pdf_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1744-9987.2010.00882.x', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S185416529', 'display_name': 'Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis', 'issn_l': '1744-9979', 'issn': ['1744-9979', '1744-9987'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1744-9987.2010.00882.x', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5035153820', 'display_name': 'Toshimitsu Niwa', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9580-9042'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I60134161', 'display_name': 'Nagoya University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04chrp450', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I60134161']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Toshimitsu Niwa', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Advanced Medicine for Uremia, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Advanced Medicine for Uremia, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I60134161']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5035153820'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I60134161'], 'apc_list': {'value': 3350, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3350, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 4.196, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 105, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999745, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 97, 'max': 98}, 'biblio': {'volume': '15', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '120', 'last_page': '124'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10291', 'display_name': 'Dialysis and Renal Disease Management', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2727', 'display_name': 'Nephrology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10291', 'display_name': 'Dialysis and Renal Disease Management', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2727', 'display_name': 'Nephrology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11142', 'display_name': 'Advanced Glycation End Products research', 'score': 0.9984, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1308', 'display_name': 'Clinical Biochemistry'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10408', 'display_name': 'Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes', 'score': 0.9965, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2727', 'display_name': 'Nephrology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/uremic-toxins', 'display_name': 'Uremic Toxins', 'score': 0.5149477}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.80181193}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778653478', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054718', 'display_name': 'Kidney disease', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.72604144}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778063415', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q391744', 'display_name': 'Hemodialysis', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6201259}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5346085}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2994496059', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13365776', 'display_name': 'Uremic toxins', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5149477}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134018914', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4827775}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776151105', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898814', 'display_name': 'Oxidative stress', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4448973}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779134260', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136', 'display_name': 'Disease', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41146624}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C98274493', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.34037793}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D002244', 'descriptor_name': 'Carbon', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002318', 'descriptor_name': 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000188', 'qualifier_name': 'drug therapy', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007200', 'descriptor_name': 'Indican', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007674', 'descriptor_name': 'Kidney Diseases', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000188', 'qualifier_name': 'drug therapy', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010087', 'descriptor_name': 'Oxides', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002244', 'descriptor_name': 'Carbon', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002318', 'descriptor_name': 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002318', 'descriptor_name': 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000503', 'qualifier_name': 'physiopathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002908', 'descriptor_name': 'Chronic Disease', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018450', 'descriptor_name': 'Disease Progression', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007200', 'descriptor_name': 'Indican', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007674', 'descriptor_name': 'Kidney Diseases', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007674', 'descriptor_name': 'Kidney Diseases', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000503', 'qualifier_name': 'physiopathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018384', 'descriptor_name': 'Oxidative Stress', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018384', 'descriptor_name': 'Oxidative Stress', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010087', 'descriptor_name': 'Oxides', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011485', 'descriptor_name': 'Protein Binding', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D051381', 'descriptor_name': 'Rats', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014511', 'descriptor_name': 'Uremia', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014511', 'descriptor_name': 'Uremia', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000503', 'qualifier_name': 'physiopathology', 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-9987.2010.00882.x', 'pdf_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1744-9987.2010.00882.x', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S185416529', 'display_name': 'Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis', 'issn_l': '1744-9979', 'issn': ['1744-9979', '1744-9987'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21426500', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-9987.2010.00882.x', 'pdf_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1744-9987.2010.00882.x', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S185416529', 'display_name': 'Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis', 'issn_l': '1744-9979', 'issn': ['1744-9979', '1744-9987'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'score': 0.72, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 26, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W107749503', 'https://openalex.org/W110530710', 'https://openalex.org/W113598410', 'https://openalex.org/W1978751130', 'https://openalex.org/W2003240711', 'https://openalex.org/W2004936469', 'https://openalex.org/W2006980919', 'https://openalex.org/W2014257916', 'https://openalex.org/W2015181627', 'https://openalex.org/W2024714913', 'https://openalex.org/W2040487679', 'https://openalex.org/W2047561041', 'https://openalex.org/W2048196710', 'https://openalex.org/W2056498670', 'https://openalex.org/W2092497063', 'https://openalex.org/W2096263393', 'https://openalex.org/W2100893920', 'https://openalex.org/W2106974808', 'https://openalex.org/W2120048138', 'https://openalex.org/W2121288955', 'https://openalex.org/W2130731445', 'https://openalex.org/W2133991735', 'https://openalex.org/W2143628786', 'https://openalex.org/W2158862897', 'https://openalex.org/W2162432406', 'https://openalex.org/W2162972519'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W612424093', 'https://openalex.org/W560125330', 'https://openalex.org/W4385877123', 'https://openalex.org/W4327985379', 'https://openalex.org/W3112862310', 'https://openalex.org/W3026203911', 'https://openalex.org/W2365274035', 'https://openalex.org/W2355519427', 'https://openalex.org/W2136796349', 'https://openalex.org/W2012225890'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Abstract': [0], 'Indoxyl': [1, 66, 93, 115], 'sulfate,': [2, 53], 'a': [3, 49], 'nephrovascular': [4], 'uremic': [5, 38], 'toxin,': [6], 'is': [7, 29, 126], 'markedly': [8], 'accumulated': [9], 'in': [10, 54, 71, 112, 120, 128], 'the': [11, 42, 55, 60, 96, 102, 129, 144], 'serum': [12, 61], 'of': [13, 20, 35, 44, 51, 63, 98, 104, 131, 148, 154], 'chronic': [14, 149], 'kidney': [15, 150], 'disease': [16], '(CKD)': [17], 'patients.': [18], 'Because': [19], 'its': [21, 25], 'protein': [22], 'binding': [23], 'ability,': [24], 'removal': [26], 'by': [27, 46, 89, 100], 'hemodialysis': [28], 'not': [30, 146], 'as': [31, 33, 108], 'efficient': [32], 'that': [34, 141], 'non‐protein': [36], 'bound': [37], 'toxins.': [39], 'AST‐120': [40, 142], 'delays': [41, 143], 'progression': [43, 97, 130, 145], 'CKD': [45, 99, 113, 132], 'adsorbing': [47], 'indole,': [48], 'precursor': [50], 'indoxyl': [52, 64, 124], 'intestines,': [56], 'and': [57, 87, 133, 137], 'consequently': [58], 'reduces': [59], 'levels': [62], 'sulfate.': [65], 'sulfate': [67, 94, 116, 125], 'exhibits': [68], 'cellular': [69], 'toxicity': [70], 'renal': [72], 'tubular': [73], 'cells,': [74, 77, 81, 84], 'glomerular': [75], 'mesangial': [76], 'vascular': [78, 82], 'smooth': [79], 'muscle': [80], 'endothelial': [83], 'cardiac': [85], 'myocytes,': [86], 'osteoblasts': [88], 'inducing': [90], 'oxidative': [91], 'stress.': [92], 'stimulates': [95, 117], 'increasing': [101], 'expression': [103], 'fibrogenic': [105], 'genes': [106], 'such': [107], 'transforming': [109], 'growth': [110], 'factor‐β1': [111], 'rats.': [114], 'aortic': [118], 'calcification': [119], 'hypertensive': [121], 'rats;': [122], 'thus,': [123], 'involved': [127], 'cardiovascular': [134, 155], 'disease.': [135, 156], 'Experimental': [136], 'clinical': [138], 'data': [139], 'demonstrate': [140], 'only': [147], 'disease,': [151], 'but': [152], 'also': [153]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1651661950', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 15}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 6}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-18T11:40:49.993309', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}