Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1638026557', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1008683107812', 'title': None, 'display_name': None, 'publication_year': 1997, 'publication_date': '1997-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1638026557', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1008683107812', 'mag': '1638026557'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1008683107812', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S36033921', 'display_name': 'Journal of Intelligent Information Systems', 'issn_l': '0925-9902', 'issn': ['0925-9902', '1573-7675'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5055883336', 'display_name': 'Héctor García-Molina', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I97018004', 'display_name': 'Stanford University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00f54p054', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I97018004']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Hector Garcia-Molina', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Stanford University, Stanford, CA\xa094305, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Stanford University, Stanford, CA\xa094305, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I97018004']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5059167302', 'display_name': 'Yannis Papakonstantinou', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6360-9496'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I97018004', 'display_name': 'Stanford University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00f54p054', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I97018004']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Yannis Papakonstantinou', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Stanford University, Stanford, CA\xa094305, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Stanford University, Stanford, CA\xa094305, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I97018004']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5057412835', 'display_name': 'Dallan Quass', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I97018004', 'display_name': 'Stanford University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00f54p054', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I97018004']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Dallan Quass', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Stanford University, Stanford, CA\xa094305, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Stanford University, Stanford, CA\xa094305, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I97018004']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5004857788', 'display_name': 'Anand Rajaraman', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4484-6721'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I97018004', 'display_name': 'Stanford University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00f54p054', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I97018004']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Anand Rajaraman', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Stanford University, Stanford, CA\xa094305, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Stanford University, Stanford, CA\xa094305, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I97018004']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5014143171', 'display_name': 'Yehoshua Sagiv', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I97018004', 'display_name': 'Stanford University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00f54p054', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I97018004']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Yehoshua Sagiv', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Stanford University, Stanford, CA\xa094305, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Stanford University, Stanford, CA\xa094305, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I97018004']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5089065417', 'display_name': 'Jeffrey D. Ullman', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1847-3426'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I97018004', 'display_name': 'Stanford University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00f54p054', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I97018004']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Jeffrey Ullman', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Stanford University, Stanford, CA\xa094305, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Stanford University, Stanford, CA\xa094305, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I97018004']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5007387722', 'display_name': 'Vasilis Vassalos', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I97018004', 'display_name': 'Stanford University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00f54p054', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I97018004']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Vasilis Vassalos', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Stanford University, Stanford, CA\xa094305, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Stanford University, Stanford, CA\xa094305, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I97018004']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5010857944', 'display_name': 'Jennifer Widom', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I97018004', 'display_name': 'Stanford University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00f54p054', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I97018004']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Jennifer Widom', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Stanford University, Stanford, CA\xa094305, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Stanford University, Stanford, CA\xa094305, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I97018004']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 2490, 'currency': 'EUR', 'value_usd': 3090, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 65.734, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 849, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.988452, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '8', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '117', 'last_page': '132'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10317', 'display_name': 'Data Stream Management Systems and Techniques', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1705', 'display_name': 'Computer Networks and Communications'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10317', 'display_name': 'Data Stream Management Systems and Techniques', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1705', 'display_name': 'Computer Networks and Communications'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11106', 'display_name': 'Trajectory Data Mining and Analysis', 'score': 0.9969, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1711', 'display_name': 'Signal Processing'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10215', 'display_name': 'Semantic Web and Ontology Development', 'score': 0.9954, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/ibm', 'display_name': 'IBM', 'score': 0.58480364}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/data-integration', 'display_name': 'Data Integration', 'score': 0.541195}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.9131653}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C70388272', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5968558', 'display_name': 'IBM', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.58480364}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C192028432', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845739', 'display_name': 'Query language', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4881838}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144559511', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2986279', 'display_name': 'Principal (computer security)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4734523}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C180198813', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121182', 'display_name': 'Information system', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4444494}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C23123220', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826', 'display_name': 'Information retrieval', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4236131}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C115903868', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993', 'display_name': 'Software engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3411228}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C192562407', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736', 'display_name': 'Materials science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C119599485', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035', 'display_name': 'Electrical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C171250308', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468', 'display_name': 'Nanotechnology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111919701', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135', 'display_name': 'Operating system', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1008683107812', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S36033921', 'display_name': 'Journal of Intelligent Information Systems', 'issn_l': '0925-9902', 'issn': ['0925-9902', '1573-7675'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 30, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W111768835', 'https://openalex.org/W144096106', 'https://openalex.org/W1528249715', 'https://openalex.org/W1541672808', 'https://openalex.org/W1569375617', 'https://openalex.org/W1605802622', 'https://openalex.org/W1819493133', 'https://openalex.org/W1879587332', 'https://openalex.org/W1909828611', 'https://openalex.org/W1970587873', 'https://openalex.org/W1977583107', 'https://openalex.org/W1979966822', 'https://openalex.org/W1992810975', 'https://openalex.org/W1995407428', 'https://openalex.org/W1999557921', 'https://openalex.org/W2014257213', 'https://openalex.org/W2036902446', 'https://openalex.org/W2042570369', 'https://openalex.org/W2050935463', 'https://openalex.org/W2080402044', 'https://openalex.org/W2089634871', 'https://openalex.org/W2093936441', 'https://openalex.org/W2112719612', 'https://openalex.org/W2117849706', 'https://openalex.org/W2123975697', 'https://openalex.org/W2130827292', 'https://openalex.org/W2141824507', 'https://openalex.org/W2162621793', 'https://openalex.org/W2172549414', 'https://openalex.org/W2262158797'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4253186488', 'https://openalex.org/W4231814374', 'https://openalex.org/W3126131865', 'https://openalex.org/W2155964760', 'https://openalex.org/W2099557065', 'https://openalex.org/W2083611981', 'https://openalex.org/W2072507639', 'https://openalex.org/W2044344400', 'https://openalex.org/W2043380045', 'https://openalex.org/W1996938127'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1638026557', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 15}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 12}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 18}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 14}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-15T13:45:11.258143', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}