Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1597448472', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527630844.ch1', 'title': 'Petroleum Refining and Petrochemical Industry Overview', 'display_name': 'Petroleum Refining and Petrochemical Industry Overview', 'publication_year': 2010, 'publication_date': '2010-06-23', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1597448472', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527630844.ch1', 'mag': '1597448472'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527630844.ch1', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': None, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'other', 'type_crossref': 'other', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5109856195', 'display_name': 'Khalid Y. Al‐Qahtani', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210143841', 'display_name': 'Saudi Aramco (Saudi Arabia)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03ypap427', 'country_code': 'SA', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210143841']}], 'countries': ['SA'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Khalid Y. Al‐Qahtani', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Saudi Aramco, Process & Control Systems Dept, R-E-2790, Engin. Bldg (728A), 31311 Dhahran, Saudi Arabien'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Saudi Aramco, Process & Control Systems Dept, R-E-2790, Engin. Bldg (728A), 31311 Dhahran, Saudi Arabien', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210143841']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5038709614', 'display_name': 'Ali Elkamel', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I151746483', 'display_name': 'University of Waterloo', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01aff2v68', 'country_code': 'CA', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I151746483']}], 'countries': ['CA'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Ali Elkamel', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['University of Waterloo, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, University Avenue West 200, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Kanada'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'University of Waterloo, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, University Avenue West 200, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Kanada', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I151746483']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': None, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 2, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.797297, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 71, 'max': 75}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': '1', 'last_page': '17'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11053', 'display_name': 'Process Optimization and Integration', 'score': 0.9874, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2207', 'display_name': 'Control and Systems Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11053', 'display_name': 'Process Optimization and Integration', 'score': 0.9874, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2207', 'display_name': 'Control and Systems Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11801', 'display_name': 'Reservoir Engineering and Simulation Methods', 'score': 0.9751, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2212', 'display_name': 'Ocean Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T14215', 'display_name': 'Chemical and Environmental Engineering Research', 'score': 0.9359, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1710', 'display_name': 'Information Systems'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/petrochemical', 'display_name': 'Petrochemical', 'score': 0.891418}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/refining', 'display_name': 'Refining (metallurgy)', 'score': 0.81618}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C170573351', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364904', 'display_name': 'Petrochemical', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.891418}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C60044698', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1283324', 'display_name': 'Refining (metallurgy)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.81618}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C20309002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12353044', 'display_name': 'Oil refinery', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7993634}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C548895740', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22656', 'display_name': 'Petroleum', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.51328254}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C526740375', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q862571', 'display_name': 'Petroleum industry', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.48517567}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C78762247', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1273174', 'display_name': 'Petroleum engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.37339842}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C117671659', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11049265', 'display_name': 'Manufacturing engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.36490023}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.3504444}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C548081761', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388', 'display_name': 'Waste management', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.30504093}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.17129323}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C191897082', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467', 'display_name': 'Metallurgy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.114501566}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C192562407', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736', 'display_name': 'Materials science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.09454137}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C87717796', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326', 'display_name': 'Environmental engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.06523469}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C178790620', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351', 'display_name': 'Organic chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527630844.ch1', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': None, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.6, 'display_name': 'Industry, innovation and infrastructure', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 21, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1583966522', 'https://openalex.org/W1588429334', 'https://openalex.org/W2003683585', 'https://openalex.org/W2005523739', 'https://openalex.org/W2014760408', 'https://openalex.org/W2018388611', 'https://openalex.org/W2030530281', 'https://openalex.org/W2065683180', 'https://openalex.org/W2073171678', 'https://openalex.org/W2130816581', 'https://openalex.org/W2167005602', 'https://openalex.org/W2319054668', 'https://openalex.org/W2476270698', 'https://openalex.org/W2478634325', 'https://openalex.org/W2520023042', 'https://openalex.org/W2808378298', 'https://openalex.org/W4231470880', 'https://openalex.org/W4285719527', 'https://openalex.org/W4299309618', 'https://openalex.org/W602266518', 'https://openalex.org/W645457866'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4231703541', 'https://openalex.org/W4230751916', 'https://openalex.org/W2485405798', 'https://openalex.org/W2184354879', 'https://openalex.org/W2066593125', 'https://openalex.org/W2059474588', 'https://openalex.org/W2038141343', 'https://openalex.org/W2025601763', 'https://openalex.org/W1732429755', 'https://openalex.org/W106767292'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'This': [0], 'chapter': [1], 'contains': [2], 'sections': [3], 'titled:': [4], 'Refinery': [5, 11, 18], 'Overview': [6, 15], 'Mathematical': [7], 'Programming': [8], 'in': [9], 'Refining': [10], 'Configuration': [12], 'Petrochemical': [13, 16, 20], 'Industry': [14], 'Feedstock': [17], 'and': [19], 'Synergy': [21], 'Benefits': [22], 'References': [23]}, 'abstract_inverted_index_v3': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1597448472', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-12T07:13:25.485240', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}