Abstract: Internationally ideological differences have shaped attitudes and approaches to rural development and there is little consensus on a general model for rural planning. The assumption here is that rural planning encompasses policy that explicitly and implicitly affects economic, social, and physical aspects of rural conditions. Approaches to rural planning in the US, India, and China are based on quite differing ideologies about the role of rural areas in national development. The modern farm, which evolved in the US from 1945, and was emulated worldwide, represents the use of high yield hybrids, fertilizers, pest controls, and extensive mechanization on a large scale to serve national and international markets. The approach of modernizing agriculture to attain economic development of rural areas was tempered in Third World countries with a concern for attaining social justice through a redistribution of productive rural assets and thus the benefits accruing from development. A questioning of 'top down' science driven green revolution strategies of intensified agricultural cultivation has emerged as the negative impacts of this approach on the natural environment have become apparent. An increasing call for a 'sustainable agriculture' is one that incorporates practices of more traditional modes of cultivation. The emerging task of rural planning has been defined as a set of two complementary concerns related to how people will earn a living and how they will do it so that natural, environmental resources will be conserved.
Publication Year: 2001
Publication Date: 2001-01-01
Language: en
Type: book-chapter
Indexed In: ['crossref']
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Cited By Count: 7
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