Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1576715487', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200390017', 'title': 'Fate of heavy metals in a strongly acidic shooting‐range soil: small‐scale metal distribution and its relation to preferential water flow', 'display_name': 'Fate of heavy metals in a strongly acidic shooting‐range soil: small‐scale metal distribution and its relation to preferential water flow', 'publication_year': 2003, 'publication_date': '2003-02-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1576715487', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200390017', 'mag': '1576715487'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200390017', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S159786734', 'display_name': 'Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science', 'issn_l': '1436-8730', 'issn': ['1436-8730', '1522-2624'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5036214572', 'display_name': 'Lars A. Knechtenhofer', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I5124864', 'display_name': 'École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02s376052', 'country_code': 'CH', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2799323385', 'https://openalex.org/I5124864']}], 'countries': ['CH'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Lars A. Knechtenhofer', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETHZ, Grabenstrasse 3, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETHZ, Grabenstrasse 3, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I5124864']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5069277524', 'display_name': 'Irene Xifra', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I5124864', 'display_name': 'École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02s376052', 'country_code': 'CH', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2799323385', 'https://openalex.org/I5124864']}], 'countries': ['CH'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Irene O. Xifra', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETHZ, Grabenstrasse 3, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETHZ, Grabenstrasse 3, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I5124864']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5056786065', 'display_name': 'Andreas C. Scheinost', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6608-5428'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I5124864', 'display_name': 'École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02s376052', 'country_code': 'CH', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2799323385', 'https://openalex.org/I5124864']}], 'countries': ['CH'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Andreas C. Scheinost', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETHZ, Grabenstrasse 3, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETHZ, Grabenstrasse 3, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I5124864']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5021731778', 'display_name': 'H. Flühler', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I5124864', 'display_name': 'École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02s376052', 'country_code': 'CH', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2799323385', 'https://openalex.org/I5124864']}], 'countries': ['CH'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Hannes Flühler', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETHZ, Grabenstrasse 3, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETHZ, Grabenstrasse 3, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I5124864']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5017032128', 'display_name': 'Ruben Kretzschmar', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2587-2430'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I5124864', 'display_name': 'École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02s376052', 'country_code': 'CH', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2799323385', 'https://openalex.org/I5124864']}], 'countries': ['CH'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Ruben Kretzschmar', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETHZ, Grabenstrasse 3, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETHZ, Grabenstrasse 3, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I5124864']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3660, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3660, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 3.17, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 115, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999709, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 96, 'max': 97}, 'biblio': {'volume': '166', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '84', 'last_page': '92'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10139', 'display_name': 'Heavy metals in environment', 'score': 0.9993, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2310', 'display_name': 'Pollution'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10139', 'display_name': 'Heavy metals in environment', 'score': 0.9993, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2310', 'display_name': 'Pollution'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11923', 'display_name': 'Mine drainage and remediation techniques', 'score': 0.9927, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2304', 'display_name': 'Environmental Chemistry'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10894', 'display_name': 'Groundwater flow and contamination studies', 'score': 0.9898, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2305', 'display_name': 'Environmental Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/topsoil', 'display_name': 'Topsoil', 'score': 0.7500353}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cambisol', 'display_name': 'Cambisol', 'score': 0.725374}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-horizon', 'display_name': 'Soil horizon', 'score': 0.4511742}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/aqua-regia', 'display_name': 'Aqua regia', 'score': 0.4393118}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C20529654', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1247456', 'display_name': 'Topsoil', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.7500353}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776501588', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901220', 'display_name': 'Cambisol', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.725374}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.63459325}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C544153396', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11426', 'display_name': 'Metal', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5499043}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C156634047', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q878214', 'display_name': 'Soil horizon', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4511742}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C107872376', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355', 'display_name': 'Environmental chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.44850883}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777612664', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174670', 'display_name': 'Aqua regia', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4393118}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C113196181', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223', 'display_name': 'Analytical Chemistry (journal)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4224949}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159390177', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265', 'display_name': 'Soil science', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3759284}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159750122', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023', 'display_name': 'Soil water', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.33297646}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199289684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83353', 'display_name': 'Mineralogy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.32610396}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C39432304', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847', 'display_name': 'Environmental science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.20598415}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C178790620', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351', 'display_name': 'Organic chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200390017', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S159786734', 'display_name': 'Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science', 'issn_l': '1436-8730', 'issn': ['1436-8730', '1522-2624'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6', 'score': 0.49, 'display_name': 'Clean water and sanitation'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 53, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1424754138', 'https://openalex.org/W1506623551', 'https://openalex.org/W1509310308', 'https://openalex.org/W1549552139', 'https://openalex.org/W1553630333', 'https://openalex.org/W1585748241', 'https://openalex.org/W165402873', 'https://openalex.org/W1818709375', 'https://openalex.org/W1824754930', 'https://openalex.org/W1967725833', 'https://openalex.org/W1970483900', 'https://openalex.org/W1979732001', 'https://openalex.org/W1980440523', 'https://openalex.org/W1984264779', 'https://openalex.org/W1987503002', 'https://openalex.org/W1991339167', 'https://openalex.org/W1991735106', 'https://openalex.org/W1992547599', 'https://openalex.org/W1996234464', 'https://openalex.org/W1996436023', 'https://openalex.org/W2000575062', 'https://openalex.org/W2004006827', 'https://openalex.org/W2007273345', 'https://openalex.org/W2008605147', 'https://openalex.org/W2009534256', 'https://openalex.org/W2012621192', 'https://openalex.org/W2013763620', 'https://openalex.org/W2018406520', 'https://openalex.org/W2028838854', 'https://openalex.org/W2035108492', 'https://openalex.org/W2035243817', 'https://openalex.org/W2044244094', 'https://openalex.org/W2052893728', 'https://openalex.org/W2059863425', 'https://openalex.org/W2060379618', 'https://openalex.org/W2063994607', 'https://openalex.org/W2069542789', 'https://openalex.org/W2076731579', 'https://openalex.org/W2083837616', 'https://openalex.org/W2088794355', 'https://openalex.org/W2089584991', 'https://openalex.org/W2091454231', 'https://openalex.org/W2094385491', 'https://openalex.org/W2107919493', 'https://openalex.org/W213233939', 'https://openalex.org/W2132501178', 'https://openalex.org/W2209747290', 'https://openalex.org/W2495910864', 'https://openalex.org/W2560674873', 'https://openalex.org/W2993126382', 'https://openalex.org/W4206290514', 'https://openalex.org/W4235602378', 'https://openalex.org/W4250972906'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4376277829', 'https://openalex.org/W4366828707', 'https://openalex.org/W4281264019', 'https://openalex.org/W4213447979', 'https://openalex.org/W2181540257', 'https://openalex.org/W2085016568', 'https://openalex.org/W2078189679', 'https://openalex.org/W2007160650', 'https://openalex.org/W1975572810', 'https://openalex.org/W1970625409'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Abstract': [0], 'To': [1], 'assess': [2], 'the': [3, 22, 26, 45, 111, 143, 181, 192, 205, 211, 223, 271, 281], 'mobility': [4], 'of': [5, 25, 79, 87, 123, 158, 255], 'Pb': [6], 'and': [7, 28, 55, 101, 134, 153, 169, 180, 194, 244, 258, 273], 'associated': [8], 'metals': [9, 27, 266], 'in': [10, 67, 83, 142, 191, 270, 280], 'a': [11, 51, 58, 76, 108, 195], 'highly': [12, 208], 'contaminated': [13], 'shooting': [14], 'range': [15], 'soil': [16, 63, 148, 185, 224], '(Losone,': [17], 'Ticino,': [18], 'Switzerland),': [19], 'we': [20], 'investigated': [21], 'spatial': [23, 77], 'distribution': [24, 179], 'their': [29], 'relation': [30], 'to': [31, 72], 'preferential': [32, 215, 237, 276], 'water': [33, 202, 277], 'flow': [34, 203, 216, 238, 278], 'paths.': [35], 'A': [36, 62], '2.2': [37], 'm': [38, 43], '2': [39], 'plot': [40], 'located': [41], '40': [42, 146], 'behind': [44], 'stop': [46], 'butt': [47], 'was': [48, 69, 207, 217], 'irrigated': [49], 'with': [50, 75, 107], 'solution': [52], 'containing': [53], 'bromide': [54], 'Brilliant': [56, 102], 'Blue,': [57], 'slightly': [59], 'sorbing': [60], 'dye.': [61], 'profile': [64, 206], '50': [65], 'cm': [66, 74, 147], 'width': [68], 'sampled': [70], 'down': [71], '80': [73], 'resolution': [78], '2.5': [80], 'cm,': [81, 214, 235], 'resulting': [82], '626': [84], 'samples.': [85], 'Concentrations': [86], 'elements': [88], '(12': [89], '≤': [90, 92], 'Z': [91], '92)': [93], 'were': [94, 105, 140, 247, 260], 'determined': [95, 106], 'by': [96, 219], 'energy‐dispersive': [97], 'Xray': [98], 'fluorescence': [99], 'spectrometry,': [100], 'Blue': [103], 'concentrations': [104, 122, 157, 246], 'chromameter.': [109], 'In': [110, 200, 210], 'acidic': [112], '(pH': [113], '3),': [114], 'organic': [115], 'matter‐rich,': [116], 'well': [117], 'drained': [118], 'Dystric': [119], 'Cambisol,': [120], 'maximum': [121], '80.9': [124], 'g': [125, 130, 136], 'kg': [126, 131, 137, 161, 166, 172], '‐1': [127, 132, 138, 162, 167, 173], 'Pb,': [128, 151, 256], '4.0': [129], 'Sb,': [133, 152, 257], '0.55': [135], 'Cu': [139, 154, 259], 'measured': [141], 'topsoil.': [144], 'Within': [145], 'depth,': [149], 'however,': [150, 236], 'approached': [155], 'background': [156], '23': [159], 'mg': [160, 165, 171], ',': [163, 168, 174], '0.4': [164], '9.4': [170], 'respectively.': [175], 'The': [176], 'even': [177], 'horizontal': [178], 'steep': [182], 'gradient': [183], 'along': [184, 250, 275], 'depth': [186], 'indicate': [187], 'tight': [188], 'metal': [189, 231, 245], 'binding': [190], 'topsoil,': [193], 'fairly': [196], 'homogeneous': [197], 'transport': [198], 'front.': [199], 'contrast,': [201], 'through': [204], 'heterogeneous.': [209], 'uppermost': [212], '20': [213, 234], 'initiated': [218], 'heterogeneous': [220], 'infiltration': [221], 'at': [222], 'surface,': [225], 'but': [226], 'had': [227], 'no': [228], 'influence': [229], 'on': [230], 'distribution.': [232], 'Below': [233], 'originated': [239], 'from': [240], 'larger': [241], 'tree': [242], 'roots,': [243], 'significantly': [248], 'elevated': [249], 'these': [251], 'macropores.': [252], 'Spatial': [253], 'distributions': [254], 'similar,': [261], 'suggesting': [262], 'that': [263], 'all': [264], 'three': [265], 'are': [267], 'strongly': [268], 'retained': [269], 'topsoil': [272], 'transported': [274], 'paths': [279], 'subsoil.': [282]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1576715487', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 9}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-06T06:03:12.981600', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}