Abstract: Late medieval religion Renaissance humanism and the Reformation scholasticism and the Reformation the doctrine of grace the return to scripture the doctrine of the Church and sacraments the political theology of the reformers. Appendices: a glossary of theological terms English translations of major primary sources standard abbreviations of major journals and sources how to refer to major primary sources referring to the Psalms in the sixteenth century updating Reformation bibliographies chronology of political and intellectual history.