Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1526385907', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.5772/19743', 'title': 'Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Cell Therapy and Tissue Regeneration in Urology', 'display_name': 'Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Cell Therapy and Tissue Regeneration in Urology', 'publication_year': 2011, 'publication_date': '2011-08-29', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1526385907', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.5772/19743', 'mag': '1526385907'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.5772/19743', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.intechopen.com/citation-pdf-url/19022', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463447', 'display_name': 'InTech eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-sa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'book-chapter', 'type_crossref': 'book-chapter', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'hybrid', 'oa_url': 'https://www.intechopen.com/citation-pdf-url/19022', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5047527159', 'display_name': 'Yingai Shi', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I194450716', 'display_name': 'Jilin University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00js3aw79', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I194450716']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I47251452', 'display_name': 'Wake Forest University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0207ad724', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I47251452']}], 'countries': ['CN', 'US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Yingai Shi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['China', 'Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun', 'U.S.A.', 'Wake Forest University, Institute for Regenerative Medicine (WFIRM), Winston-Salem, North Carolina'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I194450716']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'China', 'institution_ids': []}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Wake Forest University, Institute for Regenerative Medicine (WFIRM), Winston-Salem, North Carolina', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I47251452']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'U.S.A.', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5100320660', 'display_name': 'Yuanyuan Zhang', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5708-9718'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I47251452', 'display_name': 'Wake Forest University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0207ad724', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I47251452']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Yuanyuan Zhang', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['U.S.A.', 'Wake Forest University, Institute for Regenerative Medicine (WFIRM), Winston-Salem, North Carolina'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Wake Forest University, Institute for Regenerative Medicine (WFIRM), Winston-Salem, North Carolina', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I47251452']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'U.S.A.', 'institution_ids': []}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 0, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.0, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 0, 'max': 65}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12264', 'display_name': 'Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2746', 'display_name': 'Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12264', 'display_name': 'Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2746', 'display_name': 'Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10176', 'display_name': 'Mesenchymal stem cell research', 'score': 0.9969, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2716', 'display_name': 'Genetics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10729', 'display_name': 'Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications', 'score': 0.9926, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2502', 'display_name': 'Biomaterials'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/25', 'display_name': 'Materials Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-therapy', 'display_name': 'Cell therapy', 'score': 0.41503108}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C198826908', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1922379', 'display_name': 'Mesenchymal stem cell', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.81113166}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C171056886', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193119', 'display_name': 'Regeneration (biology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6754975}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C10882517', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15268054', 'display_name': 'Cell therapy', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.41503108}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C28328180', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48196', 'display_name': 'Stem cell', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.39939845}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.3818436}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.35265166}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126894567', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105650', 'display_name': 'Urology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.34216765}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C95444343', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141', 'display_name': 'Cell biology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.32182747}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.5772/19743', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.intechopen.com/citation-pdf-url/19022', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463447', 'display_name': 'InTech eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-sa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://openresearchlibrary.org/ext/api/media/b1649ac5-3aed-4abb-97cf-33efc83b4275/assets/external_content.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'https://openresearchlibrary.org/ext/api/media/b1649ac5-3aed-4abb-97cf-33efc83b4275/assets/external_content.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401131', 'display_name': 'BiblioBoard Library Catalog (Open Research Library)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'cc-by-sa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.5772/19743', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.intechopen.com/citation-pdf-url/19022', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463447', 'display_name': 'InTech eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-sa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3', 'score': 0.5}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 139, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W113459969', 'https://openalex.org/W1482082078', 'https://openalex.org/W1502981552', 'https://openalex.org/W1548068539', 'https://openalex.org/W1755721460', 'https://openalex.org/W193407907', 'https://openalex.org/W1963559323', 'https://openalex.org/W1966788239', 'https://openalex.org/W1969295220', 'https://openalex.org/W1971653034', 'https://openalex.org/W1973274855', 'https://openalex.org/W1974652594', 'https://openalex.org/W1976738790', 'https://openalex.org/W1978350136', 'https://openalex.org/W1979502261', 'https://openalex.org/W1980769789', 'https://openalex.org/W1984413372', 'https://openalex.org/W1984881978', 'https://openalex.org/W1986980194', 'https://openalex.org/W1987913622', 'https://openalex.org/W1988154364', 'https://openalex.org/W1989459650', 'https://openalex.org/W1989701943', 'https://openalex.org/W1990954463', 'https://openalex.org/W1991335028', 'https://openalex.org/W1992113353', 'https://openalex.org/W1998118119', 'https://openalex.org/W1998358446', 'https://openalex.org/W1999441387', 'https://openalex.org/W2001084378', 'https://openalex.org/W2001181522', 'https://openalex.org/W2001451719', 'https://openalex.org/W2004026285', 'https://openalex.org/W2006040225', 'https://openalex.org/W2006742647', 'https://openalex.org/W2008170515', 'https://openalex.org/W2008935155', 'https://openalex.org/W2010212089', 'https://openalex.org/W2010571282', 'https://openalex.org/W2017114992', 'https://openalex.org/W201815491', 'https://openalex.org/W2019922169', 'https://openalex.org/W2021202906', 'https://openalex.org/W2021611788', 'https://openalex.org/W2022055461', 'https://openalex.org/W2023969462', 'https://openalex.org/W2024162086', 'https://openalex.org/W2025838486', 'https://openalex.org/W2027629633', 'https://openalex.org/W2028189770', 'https://openalex.org/W2028664960', 'https://openalex.org/W2031728347', 'https://openalex.org/W2033429639', 'https://openalex.org/W2033928397', 'https://openalex.org/W2038242622', 'https://openalex.org/W2039956507', 'https://openalex.org/W2042347224', 'https://openalex.org/W2044375187', 'https://openalex.org/W2045915703', 'https://openalex.org/W2049731715', 'https://openalex.org/W2049775514', 'https://openalex.org/W2052046578', 'https://openalex.org/W2053493491', 'https://openalex.org/W2054939637', 'https://openalex.org/W2055657103', 'https://openalex.org/W2056683761', 'https://openalex.org/W2057383385', 'https://openalex.org/W2060290175', 'https://openalex.org/W2065530018', 'https://openalex.org/W2067850380', 'https://openalex.org/W2068421751', 'https://openalex.org/W2069613117', 'https://openalex.org/W2070106997', 'https://openalex.org/W2072932951', 'https://openalex.org/W2074348738', 'https://openalex.org/W2075260258', 'https://openalex.org/W2083709702', 'https://openalex.org/W2083722278', 'https://openalex.org/W2087154146', 'https://openalex.org/W2088999316', 'https://openalex.org/W2091148777', 'https://openalex.org/W2091436580', 'https://openalex.org/W2091517232', 'https://openalex.org/W2091894454', 'https://openalex.org/W2093929964', 'https://openalex.org/W2094166407', 'https://openalex.org/W2094449666', 'https://openalex.org/W2097577343', 'https://openalex.org/W2099454397', 'https://openalex.org/W2100648382', 'https://openalex.org/W2101938395', 'https://openalex.org/W2108222133', 'https://openalex.org/W2110311107', 'https://openalex.org/W2112129023', 'https://openalex.org/W2118272397', 'https://openalex.org/W2119940038', 'https://openalex.org/W2123434537', 'https://openalex.org/W2125280450', 'https://openalex.org/W2125691342', 'https://openalex.org/W2128786355', 'https://openalex.org/W2135497215', 'https://openalex.org/W2138239543', 'https://openalex.org/W2142641247', 'https://openalex.org/W2148003049', 'https://openalex.org/W2148994939', 'https://openalex.org/W2152056221', 'https://openalex.org/W2155196841', 'https://openalex.org/W2156947615', 'https://openalex.org/W2157944556', 'https://openalex.org/W2160761045', 'https://openalex.org/W2161447836', 'https://openalex.org/W2161901656', 'https://openalex.org/W2165438231', 'https://openalex.org/W2166175288', 'https://openalex.org/W2166234655', 'https://openalex.org/W2167430913', 'https://openalex.org/W2167474828', 'https://openalex.org/W2169220031', 'https://openalex.org/W2183005463', 'https://openalex.org/W2183693006', 'https://openalex.org/W2203234485', 'https://openalex.org/W2240049172', 'https://openalex.org/W2248442723', 'https://openalex.org/W2401906833', 'https://openalex.org/W2408552002', 'https://openalex.org/W2414848298', 'https://openalex.org/W2429516608', 'https://openalex.org/W2461676838', 'https://openalex.org/W3022800245', 'https://openalex.org/W4230014190', 'https://openalex.org/W4230626120', 'https://openalex.org/W4236770780', 'https://openalex.org/W4239423303', 'https://openalex.org/W4244738662', 'https://openalex.org/W4252225949', 'https://openalex.org/W4253745129', 'https://openalex.org/W56043913', 'https://openalex.org/W64223770', 'https://openalex.org/W85108167'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4376112453', 'https://openalex.org/W4376112202', 'https://openalex.org/W4321463022', 'https://openalex.org/W3203882066', 'https://openalex.org/W3160733534', 'https://openalex.org/W2951161857', 'https://openalex.org/W2324772445', 'https://openalex.org/W2058795891', 'https://openalex.org/W1970368333', 'https://openalex.org/W1797702204'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Adult': [0, 111], 'stem': [1, 80, 91, 112, 116, 125, 184, 195, 210, 262, 316], 'cells': [2, 9, 24, 42, 53, 152, 185, 196, 211, 251, 263, 278, 291, 296, 302, 320, 353, 404], 'are': [3, 44, 118, 153, 197, 252, 292, 303], 'defined': [4], 'as': [5, 137, 225, 313, 355, 357], 'clonogenic,': [6], 'self-renewing': [7], 'progenitor': [8, 41, 277, 290, 319, 352], 'that': [10, 30, 43, 361], 'reside': [11], 'in': [12, 57, 72, 87, 96, 124, 170, 189, 199, 203, 220, 238, 264, 334, 340, 349, 381, 385], 'adult': [13, 35, 79, 90, 183, 204, 208, 261, 315], 'tissues': [14, 36], 'and': [15, 49, 102, 107, 161, 206, 218, 231, 240, 267, 312, 332, 396], 'can': [16, 167, 321], 'generate': [17], 'one': [18], 'or': [19, 63], 'more': [20], 'specialized': [21], 'types': [22, 246], 'of': [23, 29, 34, 46, 134, 148, 227, 243, 260, 274, 282, 365, 375, 402], 'required': [25], 'for': [26, 140, 158, 406], 'the': [27, 55, 73, 77, 97, 108, 119, 190, 228, 241, 250, 258, 272, 325, 335, 347, 351, 363, 376, 393, 400], 'function': [28], 'tissue.': [31], 'The': [32], 'majority': [33], 'contain': [37], 'their': [38, 138], 'own': [39], 'stem/': [40], 'capable': [45], 'maintaining,': [47], 'generating,': [48], 'replacing': [50], 'terminally': [51], 'differentiated': [52], 'within': [54, 392], 'tissue': [56, 64, 162, 265, 293], 'response': [58], 'to': [59, 83, 145, 215, 285, 306, 328, 372], 'physiologic': [60], 'cell': [61, 70, 81, 122, 126, 159, 245, 268, 310, 379, 386], 'turnover': [62], 'damage': [65], 'resulting': [66], 'from': [67, 298, 324], 'injury.': [68], 'Stem': [69], 'populations': [71, 82, 92], 'bone': [74], 'marrow': [75], 'were': [76], 'first': [78], 'be': [84, 143, 168, 286, 322, 329], 'described,': [85], 'but': [86], 'recent': [88], 'years': [89], 'have': [93, 212, 233, 256, 389], 'been': [94, 213, 370, 390], 'demonstrated': [95], 'brain,1,': [98], '2': [99], 'skin,': [100], '3': [101], 'muscle': [103], '4,': [104], 'hair': [105], 'follicle': [106], 'gastrointestinal': [109], 'tract.': [110], 'cells,': [113, 117, 223, 317, 367], 'especially': [114], 'hematopoietic': [115], 'best': [120], 'understood': [121], 'type': [123], 'biology': [127], '5,': [128], 'yet': [129], 'they': [130, 166], 'remain': [131], 'an': [132, 341], 'area': [133], 'intense': [135], 'study,': [136], 'potential': [139], 'therapy': [141, 160, 269], 'may': [142], 'applicable': [144], 'a': [146, 154, 308], 'myriad': [147], 'degenerative': [149], 'disorders.': [150], 'These': [151, 254, 301], 'particularly': [155], 'attractive': [156], 'option': [157], 'engineering': [163, 266], 'applications': [164], 'because': [165, 193, 207], 'used': [169, 333], 'autologous': [171, 342, 403], 'therapies,': [172], 'thus': [173], 'avoiding': [174], 'any': [175], 'complications': [176], 'associated': [177], 'with': [178, 314], 'immune': [179], 'rejection.': [180], 'Research': [181], 'into': [182], 'has': [186, 279, 369], 'progressed': [187], 'slowly': [188], 'past,': [191], 'mainly': [192], 'true': [194], 'present': [198], 'extremely': [200], 'low': [201, 235], 'numbers': [202], 'tissue6-8,': [205], 'nonmesenchymal': [209], 'challenging': [214], 'isolate,': [216], 'expand': [217], 'maintain': [219], 'culture.': [221], 'Some': [222], 'such': [224], 'those': [226], 'liver,': [229], 'pancreas': [230], 'nerve,': [232], 'very': [234], 'proliferative': [236], 'capacity': [237], 'vitro,': [239], 'functionality': [242], 'some': [244, 281, 374], 'is': [247], 'reduced': [248], 'after': [249], 'cultivated.': [253], 'issues': [255], 'limited': [257], 'use': [259, 401], 'research.': [270], 'However,': [271], 'discovery': [273], 'native': [275, 318], 'targeted': [276, 289], 'allowed': [280], 'these': [283, 366, 397], 'limitations': [284], 'overcome.': [287], 'Native': [288], 'specific': [294, 309, 326], 'unipotent': [295], 'derived': [297], 'most': [299], 'organs.': [300], 'already': [304], 'programmed': [305], 'become': [307], 'type,': [311], 'obtained': [323], 'organ': [327], 'regenerated,': [330], 'expanded,': [331], 'same': [336], 'patient': [337], 'without': [338], 'rejection,': [339], 'manner': [343], '9-26.': [344], 'By': [345], 'studying': [346], 'niche': [348], 'which': [350], 'reside,': [354], 'well': [356], 'by': [358], 'exploring': [359], 'conditions': [360], 'promote': [362], 'differentiation': [364], 'it': [368], 'possible': [371, 405], 'overcome': [373], 'problems': [377], 'facing': [378], 'expansion': [380], 'vitro.': [382], 'Major': [383], 'advances': [384], 'culture': [387], 'techniques': [388, 398], 'made': [391], 'past': [394], 'decade,': [395], 'make': [399], 'clinical': [407], 'application.': [408], 'In': [409], 'this': [410]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1526385907', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-12-12T06:48:13.659109', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}