Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1516464276', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.47-5311', 'title': 'Adam Smith and the character of virtue', 'display_name': 'Adam Smith and the character of virtue', 'publication_year': 2010, 'publication_date': '2010-05-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1516464276', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.47-5311', 'mag': '1516464276'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.47-5311', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764375719', 'display_name': 'Choice Reviews Online', 'issn_l': '0009-4978', 'issn': ['0009-4978', '1523-8253', '1943-5975'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310316146', 'host_organization_name': 'Association of College and Research Libraries', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315903', 'https://openalex.org/P4310316146'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Library Association', 'Association of College and Research Libraries'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5086014183', 'display_name': 'Ryan Hanley', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3293-6677'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I102461120', 'display_name': 'Marquette University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04gr4te78', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I102461120']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Ryan Patrick Hanley', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Marquette University, Wisconsin#TAB#'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Marquette University, Wisconsin#TAB#', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I102461120']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5086014183'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I102461120'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 30.865, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 126, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.988655, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '47', 'issue': '09', 'first_page': '47', 'last_page': '5311'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10297', 'display_name': 'Ethical Theories and Moral Philosophy', 'score': 0.9954, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1211', 'display_name': 'Philosophy'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/12', 'display_name': 'Arts and Humanities'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10297', 'display_name': 'Ethical Theories and Moral Philosophy', 'score': 0.9954, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1211', 'display_name': 'Philosophy'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/12', 'display_name': 'Arts and Humanities'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12982', 'display_name': 'Legal Remedies and Corrective Justice in Law', 'score': 0.976, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3308', 'display_name': 'Law'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T14142', 'display_name': 'Socio-Legal Studies in Multicultural Contexts', 'score': 0.976, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3312', 'display_name': 'Sociology and Political Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/virtue-ethics', 'display_name': 'Virtue Ethics', 'score': 0.528772}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777239683', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157811', 'display_name': 'Virtue', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8558049}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780861071', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934', 'display_name': 'Character (mathematics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8314121}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138885662', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891', 'display_name': 'Philosophy', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.46769595}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2992293419', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9381', 'display_name': 'Adam smith', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.44301605}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C124952713', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242', 'display_name': 'Literature', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.42775503}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C95457728', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309', 'display_name': 'History', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.32854038}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111472728', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471', 'display_name': 'Epistemology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.28929305}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142362112', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735', 'display_name': 'Art', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.27697903}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.11880326}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C133425853', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60571', 'display_name': 'Neoclassical economics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.05855733}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.038008362}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2524010', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087', 'display_name': 'Geometry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.47-5311', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764375719', 'display_name': 'Choice Reviews Online', 'issn_l': '0009-4978', 'issn': ['0009-4978', '1523-8253', '1943-5975'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310316146', 'host_organization_name': 'Association of College and Research Libraries', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315903', 'https://openalex.org/P4310316146'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Library Association', 'Association of College and Research Libraries'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Peace, justice, and strong institutions', 'score': 0.83, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 207, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W116826667', 'https://openalex.org/W142957676', 'https://openalex.org/W1481850320', 'https://openalex.org/W1483097809', 'https://openalex.org/W1483961803', 'https://openalex.org/W1484959991', 'https://openalex.org/W1487080569', 'https://openalex.org/W1487128804', 'https://openalex.org/W1488097106', 'https://openalex.org/W1494580239', 'https://openalex.org/W1499096068', 'https://openalex.org/W1499410609', 'https://openalex.org/W1501779321', 'https://openalex.org/W150288940', 'https://openalex.org/W1505571847', 'https://openalex.org/W1509574688', 'https://openalex.org/W1515006215', 'https://openalex.org/W1515208216', 'https://openalex.org/W1517262664', 'https://openalex.org/W1521777280', 'https://openalex.org/W1523128487', 'https://openalex.org/W1523259597', 'https://openalex.org/W1523864473', 'https://openalex.org/W1525645830', 'https://openalex.org/W1526492670', 'https://openalex.org/W1537999936', 'https://openalex.org/W1545407003', 'https://openalex.org/W1553251230', 'https://openalex.org/W1555723522', 'https://openalex.org/W1559991109', 'https://openalex.org/W1560866080', 'https://openalex.org/W1572866133', 'https://openalex.org/W1580212975', 'https://openalex.org/W1582568788', 'https://openalex.org/W1586682724', 'https://openalex.org/W1590304180', 'https://openalex.org/W1596390162', 'https://openalex.org/W1601502096', 'https://openalex.org/W1603374637', 'https://openalex.org/W17361020', 'https://openalex.org/W1741365251', 'https://openalex.org/W1758410220', 'https://openalex.org/W1802322323', 'https://openalex.org/W1838840195', 'https://openalex.org/W1920444580', 'https://openalex.org/W193112875', 'https://openalex.org/W1964246837', 'https://openalex.org/W1965818579', 'https://openalex.org/W1967213345', 'https://openalex.org/W1970928640', 'https://openalex.org/W1971646810', 'https://openalex.org/W1972639320', 'https://openalex.org/W1972655129', 'https://openalex.org/W1972833723', 'https://openalex.org/W1973765901', 'https://openalex.org/W1982030733', 'https://openalex.org/W1984645963', 'https://openalex.org/W1985136525', 'https://openalex.org/W1986257822', 'https://openalex.org/W1986382146', 'https://openalex.org/W1986994270', 'https://openalex.org/W1987085607', 'https://openalex.org/W1989383351', 'https://openalex.org/W1991453560', 'https://openalex.org/W1993522382', 'https://openalex.org/W1994743485', 'https://openalex.org/W1996732643', 'https://openalex.org/W1999846801', 'https://openalex.org/W2001529114', 'https://openalex.org/W2002723499', 'https://openalex.org/W2004410272', 'https://openalex.org/W2014750572', 'https://openalex.org/W2015851043', 'https://openalex.org/W2022965154', 'https://openalex.org/W2024180774', 'https://openalex.org/W2024292494', 'https://openalex.org/W2025555451', 'https://openalex.org/W2026985891', 'https://openalex.org/W2027918124', 'https://openalex.org/W2028910647', 'https://openalex.org/W2028953256', 'https://openalex.org/W2029091064', 'https://openalex.org/W2035335511', 'https://openalex.org/W2037780234', 'https://openalex.org/W2038868980', 'https://openalex.org/W2044928797', 'https://openalex.org/W2046042278', 'https://openalex.org/W2056180069', 'https://openalex.org/W2058471520', 'https://openalex.org/W2058499987', 'https://openalex.org/W2061620999', 'https://openalex.org/W2061775968', 'https://openalex.org/W2061938392', 'https://openalex.org/W2062663664', 'https://openalex.org/W2072267381', 'https://openalex.org/W2073552830', 'https://openalex.org/W2073887387', 'https://openalex.org/W2079441841', 'https://openalex.org/W2079502849', 'https://openalex.org/W2079997375', 'https://openalex.org/W2080217693', 'https://openalex.org/W2084740687', 'https://openalex.org/W2085002204', 'https://openalex.org/W2087458195', 'https://openalex.org/W2090564500', 'https://openalex.org/W2091230469', 'https://openalex.org/W2091833122', 'https://openalex.org/W2092442992', 'https://openalex.org/W2093462626', 'https://openalex.org/W2097155372', 'https://openalex.org/W2097701195', 'https://openalex.org/W2097789819', 'https://openalex.org/W2100062546', 'https://openalex.org/W2102475237', 'https://openalex.org/W2110354191', 'https://openalex.org/W2116818070', 'https://openalex.org/W2119752945', 'https://openalex.org/W2121002217', 'https://openalex.org/W2131108180', 'https://openalex.org/W2136027007', 'https://openalex.org/W2137491376', 'https://openalex.org/W2139350035', 'https://openalex.org/W2142220473', 'https://openalex.org/W2142782002', 'https://openalex.org/W2148196690', 'https://openalex.org/W2148769084', 'https://openalex.org/W2155737561', 'https://openalex.org/W2159614632', 'https://openalex.org/W2159927377', 'https://openalex.org/W2161511225', 'https://openalex.org/W2165258407', 'https://openalex.org/W2165341839', 'https://openalex.org/W2166181286', 'https://openalex.org/W2167088764', 'https://openalex.org/W2170157960', 'https://openalex.org/W2171435748', 'https://openalex.org/W2268780791', 'https://openalex.org/W2291354231', 'https://openalex.org/W2300487522', 'https://openalex.org/W2315674168', 'https://openalex.org/W2320790489', 'https://openalex.org/W2321684826', 'https://openalex.org/W2327342669', 'https://openalex.org/W2328934913', 'https://openalex.org/W2330495562', 'https://openalex.org/W2333290608', 'https://openalex.org/W2334003749', 'https://openalex.org/W2335091162', 'https://openalex.org/W23801969', 'https://openalex.org/W2476579707', 'https://openalex.org/W2477109739', 'https://openalex.org/W2478309088', 'https://openalex.org/W248208622', 'https://openalex.org/W2483681359', 'https://openalex.org/W2483738920', 'https://openalex.org/W2485193314', 'https://openalex.org/W2486945247', 'https://openalex.org/W2491407835', 'https://openalex.org/W2495514629', 'https://openalex.org/W2503414486', 'https://openalex.org/W2506982438', 'https://openalex.org/W2513043914', 'https://openalex.org/W2592977967', 'https://openalex.org/W2611253528', 'https://openalex.org/W268831566', 'https://openalex.org/W2798366246', 'https://openalex.org/W2798579255', 'https://openalex.org/W282165578', 'https://openalex.org/W2889267744', 'https://openalex.org/W291175168', 'https://openalex.org/W2970430589', 'https://openalex.org/W2972074504', 'https://openalex.org/W2993942423', 'https://openalex.org/W2998756553', 'https://openalex.org/W3000275220', 'https://openalex.org/W3034823977', 'https://openalex.org/W3094960236', 'https://openalex.org/W3119906476', 'https://openalex.org/W3120514469', 'https://openalex.org/W3121417828', 'https://openalex.org/W3123693147', 'https://openalex.org/W3157596573', 'https://openalex.org/W3165491845', 'https://openalex.org/W409547774', 'https://openalex.org/W49324546', 'https://openalex.org/W50108224', 'https://openalex.org/W565869318', 'https://openalex.org/W568442462', 'https://openalex.org/W577260853', 'https://openalex.org/W582632194', 'https://openalex.org/W582988534', 'https://openalex.org/W590342557', 'https://openalex.org/W602240280', 'https://openalex.org/W608152759', 'https://openalex.org/W609070433', 'https://openalex.org/W614291269', 'https://openalex.org/W617737805', 'https://openalex.org/W626175256', 'https://openalex.org/W633156994', 'https://openalex.org/W633304705', 'https://openalex.org/W636985270', 'https://openalex.org/W642278995', 'https://openalex.org/W644492792', 'https://openalex.org/W652343791', 'https://openalex.org/W656145682', 'https://openalex.org/W79054090', 'https://openalex.org/W8343060'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W579813788', 'https://openalex.org/W3084056392', 'https://openalex.org/W2899084033', 'https://openalex.org/W2748952813', 'https://openalex.org/W2385074746', 'https://openalex.org/W2378706131', 'https://openalex.org/W2378622502', 'https://openalex.org/W2376913909', 'https://openalex.org/W2315123254', 'https://openalex.org/W2136897282'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Introduction': [0], '1.': [1], 'The': [2, 8], 'problem:': [3], 'commerce': [4], 'and': [5, 16], 'corruption': [6], '2.': [7], 'solution:': [9], 'moral': [10], 'philosophy': [11], '3.': [12], 'Interlude:': [13], 'the': [14, 17], 'what': [15], 'how': [18], 'of': [19], 'TMS': [20], 'VI': [21], '4.': [22], 'Prudence,': [23], 'or': [24, 29, 34], 'commercial': [25], 'virtue': [26, 31, 36], '5.': [27], 'Magnanimity,': [28], 'classical': [30], '6.': [32], 'Beneficence,': [33], 'Christian': [35], 'Epilogue.': [37]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1516464276', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 19}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 13}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 12}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 15}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 9}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-17T02:18:38.836424', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}