Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1512297289', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0166-6851(97)00181-3', 'title': 'Ribosomal RNA gene organization in Cryptosporidium parvum', 'display_name': 'Ribosomal RNA gene organization in Cryptosporidium parvum', 'publication_year': 1997, 'publication_date': '1997-12-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1512297289', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0166-6851(97)00181-3', 'mag': '1512297289', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9476794'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0166-6851(97)00181-3', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S144099348', 'display_name': 'Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology', 'issn_l': '0166-6851', 'issn': ['0166-6851', '1872-9428'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'hybrid', 'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0166-6851(97)00181-3', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5111841221', 'display_name': 'Sylvie M. Le Blancq', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I78577930', 'display_name': 'Columbia University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00hj8s172', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I78577930']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Sylvie M Le Blancq', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Center for Environmental Research and Conservation, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA', 'Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University School of Public Health, 630 West 168th St., VC15-220, New York, NY 10032, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Center for Environmental Research and Conservation, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I78577930']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University School of Public Health, 630 West 168th St., VC15-220, New York, NY 10032, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I78577930']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5040815292', 'display_name': 'Nikolai V. Khramtsov', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I189590672', 'display_name': 'Kansas State University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05p1j8758', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I189590672']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Nikolai V Khramtsov', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I189590672']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5028496248', 'display_name': 'Farnoosh Zamani', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I78577930', 'display_name': 'Columbia University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00hj8s172', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I78577930']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Farnoosh Zamani', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University School of Public Health, 630 West 168th St., VC15-220, New York, NY 10032, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University School of Public Health, 630 West 168th St., VC15-220, New York, NY 10032, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I78577930']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5111693179', 'display_name': 'Steve J. Upton', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I189590672', 'display_name': 'Kansas State University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05p1j8758', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I189590672']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Steve J Upton', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I189590672']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5109895928', 'display_name': 'Teresa W. Wu', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I78577930', 'display_name': 'Columbia University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00hj8s172', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I78577930']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Teresa W Wu', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University School of Public Health, 630 West 168th St., VC15-220, New York, NY 10032, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University School of Public Health, 630 West 168th St., VC15-220, New York, NY 10032, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I78577930']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5111841221'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I78577930'], 'apc_list': {'value': 3140, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3140, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 3140, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3140, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': 5.504, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 191, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.971157, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '90', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '463', 'last_page': '478'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11086', 'display_name': 'Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2405', 'display_name': 'Parasitology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/24', 'display_name': 'Immunology and Microbiology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11086', 'display_name': 'Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2405', 'display_name': 'Parasitology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/24', 'display_name': 'Immunology and Microbiology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11155', 'display_name': 'Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies', 'score': 0.9482, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2405', 'display_name': 'Parasitology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/24', 'display_name': 'Immunology and Microbiology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12463', 'display_name': 'Amoebic Infections and Treatments', 'score': 0.9051, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2725', 'display_name': 'Infectious Diseases'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/spacer-dna', 'display_name': 'Spacer DNA', 'score': 0.77175987}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C155794727', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2306414', 'display_name': 'Internal transcribed spacer', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.9191841}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.869325}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C67905577', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215980', 'display_name': 'Ribosomal RNA', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.80668867}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C116029586', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4675666', 'display_name': 'Spacer DNA', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.77175987}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54355233', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162', 'display_name': 'Genetics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.635969}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C207812311', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426560', 'display_name': 'Ribosomal DNA', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.62450576}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104317684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187', 'display_name': 'Gene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5081234}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C141231307', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7020', 'display_name': 'Genome', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4760896}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C47698986', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10018973', 'display_name': '18S ribosomal RNA', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.43910226}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C153911025', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202', 'display_name': 'Molecular biology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.40235913}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C90132467', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171184', 'display_name': 'Phylogenetics', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.11297169}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D016785', 'descriptor_name': 'Cryptosporidium parvum', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004275', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA, Ribosomal', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000737', 'qualifier_name': 'chemistry', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D017125', 'descriptor_name': 'Genes, Protozoan', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012335', 'descriptor_name': 'RNA, Ribosomal', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001483', 'descriptor_name': 'Base Sequence', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015152', 'descriptor_name': 'Blotting, Northern', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015139', 'descriptor_name': 'Blotting, Southern', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002874', 'descriptor_name': 'Chromosome Mapping', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016785', 'descriptor_name': 'Cryptosporidium parvum', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016785', 'descriptor_name': 'Cryptosporidium parvum', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000737', 'qualifier_name': 'chemistry', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003593', 'descriptor_name': 'Cytoplasm', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016054', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA, Protozoan', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016054', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA, Protozoan', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000737', 'qualifier_name': 'chemistry', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016054', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA, Protozoan', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004275', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA, Ribosomal', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004275', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA, Ribosomal', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005819', 'descriptor_name': 'Genetic Markers', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007621', 'descriptor_name': 'Karyotyping', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008969', 'descriptor_name': 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016053', 'descriptor_name': 'RNA, Protozoan', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016053', 'descriptor_name': 'RNA, Protozoan', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000737', 'qualifier_name': 'chemistry', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016053', 'descriptor_name': 'RNA, Protozoan', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012335', 'descriptor_name': 'RNA, Ribosomal', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012335', 'descriptor_name': 'RNA, Ribosomal', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000737', 'qualifier_name': 'chemistry', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D017421', 'descriptor_name': 'Sequence Analysis', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D017422', 'descriptor_name': 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0166-6851(97)00181-3', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S144099348', 'display_name': 'Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology', 'issn_l': '0166-6851', 'issn': ['0166-6851', '1872-9428'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9476794', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0166-6851(97)00181-3', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S144099348', 'display_name': 'Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology', 'issn_l': '0166-6851', 'issn': ['0166-6851', '1872-9428'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Life on land', 'score': 0.46, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 35, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1778825775', 'https://openalex.org/W1781316398', 'https://openalex.org/W182505165', 'https://openalex.org/W1837770131', 'https://openalex.org/W1969137209', 'https://openalex.org/W1981679503', 'https://openalex.org/W1983255461', 'https://openalex.org/W1983576573', 'https://openalex.org/W1989874764', 'https://openalex.org/W1993850824', 'https://openalex.org/W1994383906', 'https://openalex.org/W1996463771', 'https://openalex.org/W2002729459', 'https://openalex.org/W2015292449', 'https://openalex.org/W2031119335', 'https://openalex.org/W2035030643', 'https://openalex.org/W2037974828', 'https://openalex.org/W2038120139', 'https://openalex.org/W2039216609', 'https://openalex.org/W2043073260', 'https://openalex.org/W2052277830', 'https://openalex.org/W2060333964', 'https://openalex.org/W2063693271', 'https://openalex.org/W2065564131', 'https://openalex.org/W2078235567', 'https://openalex.org/W2081817398', 'https://openalex.org/W2083799571', 'https://openalex.org/W2086145483', 'https://openalex.org/W2087467882', 'https://openalex.org/W2089509050', 'https://openalex.org/W2129697659', 'https://openalex.org/W2161192403', 'https://openalex.org/W2198111522', 'https://openalex.org/W2411773655', 'https://openalex.org/W4211126199'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4243038980', 'https://openalex.org/W4229929960', 'https://openalex.org/W341926251', 'https://openalex.org/W3151102804', 'https://openalex.org/W2394236990', 'https://openalex.org/W2383830938', 'https://openalex.org/W1985978632', 'https://openalex.org/W1893548744', 'https://openalex.org/W1581621026', 'https://openalex.org/W1512297289'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'The': [0, 25, 46, 94], 'cytoplasmic': [1], 'ribosomal': [2], 'RNA': [3], '(rRNA)': [4], 'genes': [5], 'of': [6, 68, 110, 127, 147, 156], 'the': [7, 69, 100, 111, 138, 148, 157], 'Apicomplexan': [8], 'protozoan': [9], 'parasite': [10], 'Cryptosporidium': [11], 'parvum': [12], 'have': [13], 'been': [14], 'analyzed': [15], 'with': [16, 88, 134], 'respect': [17], 'to': [18, 84, 102], 'size,': [19], 'copy': [20, 155], 'number,': [21], 'organization': [22], 'and': [23, 27, 33, 75, 132, 153], 'structure.': [24], 'small': [26, 51], 'large': [28], 'subunit': [29, 52, 61], 'rRNAs': [30], 'are': [31, 65, 77, 97, 114, 122, 144], '1.7': [32], '3.6': [34], 'kb,': [35], 'respectively.': [36], 'A': [37, 131, 150], '151': [38], 'bp': [39], 'putative': [40], '5.8S': [41], 'rRNA': [42, 62], 'gene': [43], 'was': [44], 'identified.': [45], 'rDNA': [47, 70, 95, 112, 128, 151, 160], 'unit': [48, 71, 152], 'is': [49], '5′': [50], 'rRNA–internal': [53, 57], 'transcribed': [54, 58, 92, 140], 'spacer': [55, 59, 141], '1–5.8S': [56], '2–large': [60], '3′.': [63], 'There': [64, 121, 143], 'five': [66], 'copies': [67, 117, 146], 'per': [72], 'haploid': [73], 'genome': [74, 101], 'they': [76], 'not': [78], 'organized': [79], 'in': [80, 137], 'a': [81, 89], 'conventional': [82], 'head': [83], 'tail': [85], 'tandem': [86], 'array': [87], 'conserved': [90], 'external': [91], 'spacer.': [93], 'units': [96, 113], 'dispersed': [98], 'through': [99], 'at': [103], 'least': [104, 108], 'three': [105], 'chromosomes.': [106, 120], 'At': [107], 'two': [109, 123], 'single': [115], 'unlinked': [116], 'on': [118], 'different': [119], 'structurally': [124], 'distinct': [125], 'types': [126], 'unit,': [129], 'Type': [130, 149, 158], 'B,': [133], 'marked': [135], 'differences': [136], 'internal': [139], 'regions.': [142], 'four': [145], 'one': [154], 'B': [159], 'unit.': [161]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1512297289', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 5}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-26T00:23:08.101962', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}