Publication Information

{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1501649489', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.21236/ada463433', 'title': 'Overcoming Ambiguity at the Operational Level', 'display_name': 'Overcoming Ambiguity at the Operational Level', 'publication_year': 2006, 'publication_date': '2006-10-02', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1501649489', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.21236/ada463433', 'mag': '1501649489'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.21236/ada463433', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': None, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'report', 'type_crossref': 'report', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5075769528', 'display_name': 'Jeffrey J. Krupka', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Jeffrey J. Krupka', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 0, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5075769528'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': None, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 1, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.402597, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 61, 'max': 68}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11810', 'display_name': 'Complex Systems and Decision Making', 'score': 0.9505, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1803', 'display_name': 'Management Science and Operations Research'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/18', 'display_name': 'Decision Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11810', 'display_name': 'Complex Systems and Decision Making', 'score': 0.9505, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1803', 'display_name': 'Management Science and Operations Research'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/18', 'display_name': 'Decision Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780522230', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140419', 'display_name': 'Ambiguity', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8057858}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.41953045}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199360897', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143', 'display_name': 'Programming language', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.08664468}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.21236/ada463433', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': None, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.81, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16', 'display_name': 'Peace, justice, and strong institutions'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2923538289', 'https://openalex.org/W2899084033', 'https://openalex.org/W2748952813', 'https://openalex.org/W2470643824', 'https://openalex.org/W2389866386', 'https://openalex.org/W2359488321', 'https://openalex.org/W2353819554', 'https://openalex.org/W2353179089', 'https://openalex.org/W2353125546', 'https://openalex.org/W2349635380'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Abstract': [0], ':': [1], 'Overcoming': [2], 'Ambiguity': [3], 'at': [4], 'the': [5, 48, 51, 54, 67, 130], 'Operational': [6], 'Level.': [7], 'Leaders': [8], 'are': [9, 96], 'forced': [10], 'to': [11, 139], 'make': [12], 'decisions': [13, 32, 83, 115], 'with': [14, 90, 98], 'imperfect': [15], 'information': [16, 27, 39, 55], 'on': [17, 37], 'a': [18], 'regular': [19], 'basis.': [20], 'Time': [21], 'constraints': [22], 'necessitate': [23], 'action': [24], 'before': [25], 'complete': [26], 'can': [28, 41, 84], 'be': [29, 34, 42, 70, 111, 118], 'obtained.': [30], 'Other': [31], 'must': [33], 'made': [35, 119], 'based': [36], 'ambiguous': [38], 'that': [40, 116], 'interpreted': [43], 'in': [44, 63, 120], 'multiple': [45], 'ways.': [46], 'Both': [47], 'nature': [49], 'of': [50], 'decision': [52, 68, 87, 126], 'and': [53, 136], 'used': [56], 'as': [57], 'input': [58], 'play': [59], 'an': [60, 124], 'important': [61], 'role': [62], 'determining': [64], 'where,': [65], 'organizationally,': [66], 'should': [69, 117, 133], 'made.': [71], 'Bayes': [72], 'formula': [73], 'for': [74, 79, 113], 'contingent': [75], 'probabilities': [76], 'is': [77, 128], 'useful': [78, 112], 'demonstrating': [80, 93], 'how': [81, 94], 'organizational': [82], 'impact': [85], 'rational': [86], 'makers': [88], 'faced': [89], 'ambiguity': [91], 'by': [92], 'expectations': [95], 'revised': [97], 'new': [99], 'information.': [100], 'When': [101], 'taking': [102], 'other': [103], 'operational': [104, 131], 'considerations': [105], 'into': [106], 'account,': [107], 'it': [108], 'may': [109], 'also': [110], 'identifying': [114], 'certain': [121], 'locations.': [122], 'Once': [123], 'optimal': [125], 'point': [127], 'identified,': [129], 'commander': [132], 'allocate': [134], 'resources': [135], 'establish': [137], 'procedures': [138], 'properly': [140], 'align': [141], 'his': [142], 'staff.': [143]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1501649489', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-06T00:27:50.329686', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}