Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1499668141', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.5772/34038', 'title': 'Issues Associated with Genetic Diversity Studies of the Liver Fluke, Fasciola Heptica (Platyhelminthes, Digenea, Fasciolidae)', 'display_name': 'Issues Associated with Genetic Diversity Studies of the Liver Fluke, Fasciola Heptica (Platyhelminthes, Digenea, Fasciolidae)', 'publication_year': 2012, 'publication_date': '2012-02-24', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1499668141', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.5772/34038', 'mag': '1499668141'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.5772/34038', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.intechopen.com/citation-pdf-url/28895', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463447', 'display_name': 'InTech eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'book-chapter', 'type_crossref': 'book-chapter', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'hybrid', 'oa_url': 'https://www.intechopen.com/citation-pdf-url/28895', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5019650421', 'display_name': 'Denitsa Teofanova', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0467-485X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210127464', 'display_name': 'Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03eywck07', 'country_code': 'BG', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I24768866', 'https://openalex.org/I4210127464']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I24768866', 'display_name': 'Bulgarian Academy of Sciences', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01x8hew03', 'country_code': 'BG', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I24768866']}], 'countries': ['BG'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Denitsa Teofanova', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210127464', 'https://openalex.org/I24768866']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5012763967', 'display_name': 'Peter Hristov', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7756-4571'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210127464', 'display_name': 'Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03eywck07', 'country_code': 'BG', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I24768866', 'https://openalex.org/I4210127464']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I24768866', 'display_name': 'Bulgarian Academy of Sciences', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01x8hew03', 'country_code': 'BG', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I24768866']}], 'countries': ['BG'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Peter Hristov', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210127464', 'https://openalex.org/I24768866']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5091119078', 'display_name': 'A. Yoveva', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210127464', 'display_name': 'Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03eywck07', 'country_code': 'BG', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I24768866', 'https://openalex.org/I4210127464']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I24768866', 'display_name': 'Bulgarian Academy of Sciences', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01x8hew03', 'country_code': 'BG', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I24768866']}], 'countries': ['BG'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Aneliya Yoveva', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210127464', 'https://openalex.org/I24768866']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5078546867', 'display_name': 'Georgi Radoslavov', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0550-3291'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210127464', 'display_name': 'Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03eywck07', 'country_code': 'BG', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I24768866', 'https://openalex.org/I4210127464']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I24768866', 'display_name': 'Bulgarian Academy of Sciences', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01x8hew03', 'country_code': 'BG', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I24768866']}], 'countries': ['BG'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Georgi Radoslavov', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210127464', 'https://openalex.org/I24768866']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.352, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 5, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.846914, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 80, 'max': 81}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11074', 'display_name': 'Helminth infection and control', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3404', 'display_name': 'Small Animals'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/34', 'display_name': 'Veterinary'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11074', 'display_name': 'Helminth infection and control', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3404', 'display_name': 'Small Animals'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/34', 'display_name': 'Veterinary'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10815', 'display_name': 'Parasite Biology and Host Interactions', 'score': 0.9987, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2303', 'display_name': 'Ecology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11179', 'display_name': 'Nematode management and characterization studies', 'score': 0.9848, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1110', 'display_name': 'Plant Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/11', 'display_name': 'Agricultural and Biological Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/fasciolosis', 'display_name': 'Fasciolosis', 'score': 0.9269996}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/fasciola', 'display_name': 'Fasciola', 'score': 0.84326327}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatica', 'display_name': 'Hepatica', 'score': 0.8329718}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/fasciola-gigantica', 'display_name': 'Fasciola gigantica', 'score': 0.5955194}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/parasitic-disease', 'display_name': 'Parasitic Disease', 'score': 0.5346661}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/digenea', 'display_name': 'Digenea', 'score': 0.43530717}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777856171', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334149', 'display_name': 'Fasciola hepatica', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.9523959}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777226933', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6972442', 'display_name': 'Fasciolosis', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.9269996}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780097628', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q673424', 'display_name': 'Fasciola', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.84326327}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777228834', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157505', 'display_name': 'Hepatica', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.8329718}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C13590703', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1326939', 'display_name': 'Liver fluke', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.7942544}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779487569', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2566614', 'display_name': 'Fasciola gigantica', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5955194}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5789211}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780301010', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1601794', 'display_name': 'Parasitic disease', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5346661}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C42972112', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170201', 'display_name': 'Veterinary medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5075604}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779631027', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132650', 'display_name': 'Digenea', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.43530717}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C165901193', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3129936', 'display_name': 'Helminths', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.3030252}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C90856448', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431', 'display_name': 'Zoology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.27483255}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778359929', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207547', 'display_name': 'Trematoda', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.2508257}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779134260', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136', 'display_name': 'Disease', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.17578843}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.114159465}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142724271', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208', 'display_name': 'Pathology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.097768545}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.5772/34038', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.intechopen.com/citation-pdf-url/28895', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463447', 'display_name': 'InTech eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://openresearchlibrary.org/ext/api/media/914f02dd-152c-45be-ad46-98b91c4cbd19/assets/external_content.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'https://openresearchlibrary.org/ext/api/media/914f02dd-152c-45be-ad46-98b91c4cbd19/assets/external_content.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401131', 'display_name': 'BiblioBoard Library Catalog (Open Research Library)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.5772/34038', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.intechopen.com/citation-pdf-url/28895', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463447', 'display_name': 'InTech eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2', 'score': 0.42, 'display_name': 'Zero hunger'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 55, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1018964310', 'https://openalex.org/W1761079128', 'https://openalex.org/W1901948856', 'https://openalex.org/W1935763178', 'https://openalex.org/W1969194381', 'https://openalex.org/W1980245995', 'https://openalex.org/W1986950702', 'https://openalex.org/W1989707579', 'https://openalex.org/W1991143052', 'https://openalex.org/W1991728702', 'https://openalex.org/W1992044508', 'https://openalex.org/W1996771337', 'https://openalex.org/W2000871742', 'https://openalex.org/W2004887829', 'https://openalex.org/W2016225247', 'https://openalex.org/W2028187994', 'https://openalex.org/W2032824523', 'https://openalex.org/W2037306184', 'https://openalex.org/W2042959501', 'https://openalex.org/W2048248986', 'https://openalex.org/W2050710878', 'https://openalex.org/W2053642730', 'https://openalex.org/W2058026033', 'https://openalex.org/W2063016837', 'https://openalex.org/W2063026409', 'https://openalex.org/W2064277603', 'https://openalex.org/W2065081052', 'https://openalex.org/W2065911577', 'https://openalex.org/W2069974750', 'https://openalex.org/W2073692724', 'https://openalex.org/W2074866188', 'https://openalex.org/W2075568923', 'https://openalex.org/W2077010579', 'https://openalex.org/W2080978663', 'https://openalex.org/W2082096680', 'https://openalex.org/W2087981476', 'https://openalex.org/W2096173641', 'https://openalex.org/W2105275554', 'https://openalex.org/W2110899053', 'https://openalex.org/W2112266518', 'https://openalex.org/W2116489884', 'https://openalex.org/W2119009470', 'https://openalex.org/W2125455186', 'https://openalex.org/W2129378975', 'https://openalex.org/W2136805369', 'https://openalex.org/W2137015675', 'https://openalex.org/W2139280476', 'https://openalex.org/W2140425945', 'https://openalex.org/W2152854742', 'https://openalex.org/W2155155852', 'https://openalex.org/W2157874209', 'https://openalex.org/W2164197481', 'https://openalex.org/W2788710501', 'https://openalex.org/W2911033007', 'https://openalex.org/W4297846212'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3203863936', 'https://openalex.org/W2940648831', 'https://openalex.org/W2940251496', 'https://openalex.org/W2711172111', 'https://openalex.org/W2398455927', 'https://openalex.org/W2194841403', 'https://openalex.org/W2042142821', 'https://openalex.org/W2030059028', 'https://openalex.org/W2005992602', 'https://openalex.org/W1991241490'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Parasitic': [0], 'diseases': [1, 20], 'are': [2, 131, 141], 'huge': [3], 'problem': [4], 'for': [5, 11, 106], 'human': [6, 117], 'and': [7, 10, 14, 34, 45, 59, 72, 136], 'veterinary': [8], 'medicine': [9], 'economy,': [12], 'agriculture': [13], 'wildlife': [15], 'management.': [16], 'One': [17], 'of': [18, 50, 57, 99, 144], 'these': [19], 'is': [21, 24, 40, 111], 'fasciolosis,': [22], 'which': [23], 'caused': [25], 'by': [26], 'two': [27], 'trematode': [28], 'species,': [29], 'Fasciola': [30, 35], 'hepatica': [31, 39, 66, 135], '(liver': [32], 'fluke)': [33], 'gigantica.': [36], 'Only': [37], 'F.': [38, 65, 134], 'a': [41, 137], 'concern': [42], 'in': [43, 54, 69, 78], 'Europe': [44], 'Americas': [46], 'but': [47], 'the': [48, 119], 'distribution': [49], 'both': [51], 'species': [52], 'overlaps': [53], 'many': [55, 107], 'areas': [56], 'Africa': [58], 'Asia': [60], '(Mas-Coma': [61, 146], 'et': [62, 94, 147], 'al.,': [63, 95, 148], '2005).': [64], 'occurs': [67], 'mostly': [68], 'cattle,': [70], 'sheep': [71], 'wild': [73], 'ruminants.': [74], 'Recently,': [75], 'worldwide': [76], 'losses': [77], 'animal': [79], 'productivity': [80], 'due': [81], 'to': [82], 'fasciolosis': [83, 110], 'were': [84], 'estimated': [85, 126], 'at': [86, 142], 'over': [87], 'US$': [88], '3.2': [89], 'billion': [90], 'per': [91], 'annum': [92], '(Spithill': [93], '1999).': [96, 149], 'The': [97], 'infection': [98, 145], 'humans': [100], 'has': [101, 125], 'been': [102], 'regarded': [103], 'as': [104, 114], 'accidental': [105], 'years.': [108], 'However,': [109], 'now': [112], 'recognized': [113], 'an': [115], 'emerging': [116], 'disease:': [118], 'World': [120], 'Health': [121], 'Organization': [122], '(WHO,': [123], '2006)': [124], 'that': [127], '2.4': [128], 'million': [129, 140], 'people': [130], 'infected': [132], 'with': [133], 'further': [138], '180': [139], 'risk': [143]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1499668141', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-12T08:58:39.780089', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}