Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1496374733', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.20506/rst.12.2.691', 'title': 'Standardisation and validation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques for the detection of antibody in infectious disease diagnosis', 'display_name': 'Standardisation and validation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques for the detection of antibody in infectious disease diagnosis', 'publication_year': 1993, 'publication_date': '1993-06-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1496374733', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.20506/rst.12.2.691', 'mag': '1496374733', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8400384'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.20506/rst.12.2.691', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2486125978', 'display_name': 'Revue Scientifique et Technique de l OIE', 'issn_l': '0253-1933', 'issn': ['0253-1933', '1608-0637', '1608-0645', '1608-0653'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311381', 'host_organization_name': 'World Organisation for Animal Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311381'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['World Organisation for Animal Health'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5002707102', 'display_name': 'Peter F. Wright', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1950-6928'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1281029379', 'display_name': 'International Atomic Energy Agency', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02zt1gg83', 'country_code': 'AT', 'type': 'nonprofit', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1281029379']}], 'countries': ['AT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'P.F. WRIGHT', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['OIE Collaborating Centre for ELISA, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'OIE Collaborating Centre for ELISA, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1281029379']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5025178627', 'display_name': 'ERNST NILSSON', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'E. NILSSON', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5111758376', 'display_name': 'E.M.A. van Rooij', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'E.M.A. VAN ROOIJ', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5084621279', 'display_name': 'Mamadou Lelenta', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'M. LELENTA', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5109264683', 'display_name': 'M.H. Jeggo', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'M.H. JEGGO', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.103, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 281, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.877698, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '12', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '435', 'last_page': '450'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11688', 'display_name': 'Microbial infections and disease research', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2404', 'display_name': 'Microbiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/24', 'display_name': 'Immunology and Microbiology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11688', 'display_name': 'Microbial infections and disease research', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2404', 'display_name': 'Microbiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/24', 'display_name': 'Immunology and Microbiology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11560', 'display_name': 'Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology', 'score': 0.9988, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1102', 'display_name': 'Agronomy and Crop Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/11', 'display_name': 'Agricultural and Biological Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11495', 'display_name': 'Animal Virus Infections Studies', 'score': 0.9944, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1103', 'display_name': 'Animal Science and Zoology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/11', 'display_name': 'Agricultural and Biological Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/atomic-energy', 'display_name': 'Atomic Energy', 'score': 0.6208625}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/international-standard', 'display_name': 'International standard', 'score': 0.50325197}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/international-agency', 'display_name': 'International agency', 'score': 0.41346836}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/animal-health', 'display_name': 'Animal health', 'score': 0.41275853}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779740123', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4817330', 'display_name': 'Atomic energy', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6208625}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C106436119', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836575', 'display_name': 'Quality assurance', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5264429}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5124843}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776588390', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334738', 'display_name': 'International standard', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.50325197}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C108170787', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3951828', 'display_name': 'Agency (philosophy)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4856776}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C524204448', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926', 'display_name': 'Infectious disease (medical specialty)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.43823105}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2993769243', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484652', 'display_name': 'International agency', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.41346836}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2991862235', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170201', 'display_name': 'Animal health', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41275853}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C99454951', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068', 'display_name': 'Environmental health', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3790522}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C42972112', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170201', 'display_name': 'Veterinary medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.31223115}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779134260', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136', 'display_name': 'Disease', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.31175357}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778618615', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4008393', 'display_name': 'External quality assessment', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.25690648}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142724271', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208', 'display_name': 'Pathology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.1842052}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.14126426}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C76155785', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418', 'display_name': 'Telecommunications', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138885662', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891', 'display_name': 'Philosophy', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111472728', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471', 'display_name': 'Epistemology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121608353', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078', 'display_name': 'Cancer', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D000906', 'descriptor_name': 'Antibodies', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000032', 'qualifier_name': 'analysis', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003141', 'descriptor_name': 'Communicable Diseases', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000662', 'qualifier_name': 'veterinary', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004797', 'descriptor_name': 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000662', 'qualifier_name': 'veterinary', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000906', 'descriptor_name': 'Antibodies', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001667', 'descriptor_name': 'Binding, Competitive', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003141', 'descriptor_name': 'Communicable Diseases', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003141', 'descriptor_name': 'Communicable Diseases', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000175', 'qualifier_name': 'diagnosis', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004797', 'descriptor_name': 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004797', 'descriptor_name': 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000592', 'qualifier_name': 'standards', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011786', 'descriptor_name': 'Quality Control', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012015', 'descriptor_name': 'Reference Standards', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015203', 'descriptor_name': 'Reproducibility of Results', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.20506/rst.12.2.691', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2486125978', 'display_name': 'Revue Scientifique et Technique de l OIE', 'issn_l': '0253-1933', 'issn': ['0253-1933', '1608-0637', '1608-0645', '1608-0653'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311381', 'host_organization_name': 'World Organisation for Animal Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311381'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['World Organisation for Animal Health'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8400384', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Partnerships for the goals', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17', 'score': 0.45}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W582555057', 'https://openalex.org/W4384432995', 'https://openalex.org/W4244125263', 'https://openalex.org/W4205434817', 'https://openalex.org/W2735474681', 'https://openalex.org/W2315137801', 'https://openalex.org/W2058893856', 'https://openalex.org/W2044810072', 'https://openalex.org/W2003269545', 'https://openalex.org/W1996561939'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Enzyme-linked': [0], 'immunosorbent': [1], 'assay': [2], '(ELISA)': [3], 'techniques': [4, 33], 'for': [5, 17, 34, 104, 168], 'the': [6, 15, 18, 46, 67, 73, 81, 87, 97, 105, 146, 152, 179, 182], 'detection': [7], 'of': [8, 20, 51, 56, 60, 99, 110, 120, 132, 171], 'antibodies': [9], 'are': [10, 94, 157], 'now': [11], 'widely': [12], 'used': [13], 'throughout': [14], 'world': [16], 'diagnosis': [19], 'infectious': [21, 111], 'diseases': [22], 'in': [23, 96, 124, 126, 176], 'veterinary': [24], 'medicine.': [25], 'Although': [26], 'many': [27], 'laboratories': [28], 'have': [29], 'independently': [30], 'developed': [31], 'ELISA': [32, 133, 172], 'their': [35], 'own': [36], 'purposes,': [37], 'little': [38], 'progress': [39], 'has': [40], 'been': [41], 'made': [42], 'with': [43, 178], 'respect': [44], 'to': [45, 63, 129, 164], 'international': [47, 57, 100, 169], 'standardisation': [48, 170], 'and': [49, 77, 86, 102, 141, 174, 181], 'validation': [50], 'these': [52], 'techniques.': [53], 'This': [54], 'lack': [55], 'conformity': [58], 'is': [59], 'major': [61], 'concern': [62], 'organisations': [64], 'such': [65], 'as': [66, 159], 'Office': [68], 'International': [69, 88], 'des': [70], 'Epizooties': [71], '(OIE),': [72], 'United': [74], 'Nations': [75], 'Food': [76], 'Agriculture': [78], 'Organisation': [79, 84], '(FAO),': [80], 'World': [82], 'Health': [83], '(WHO)': [85], 'Atomic': [89], 'Energy': [90], 'Agency': [91], '(IAEA)': [92], 'which': [93, 156, 163], 'involved': [95], 'establishment': [98], 'guidelines': [101, 167], 'programmes': [103], 'control,': [106], 'surveillance': [107], 'and/or': [108], 'eradication': [109], 'diseases.': [112], 'In': [113], 'this': [114, 150], 'regard,': [115], 'a': [116, 160], 'Joint': [117], 'FAO/IAEA': [118], 'Meeting': [119], 'Consultants': [121], 'was': [122], 'convened': [123], 'Vienna': [125], 'January': [127], '1992': [128], 'review': [130], 'aspects': [131], 'data': [134], 'expression,': [135], 'primary': [136], 'reference': [137], 'standards,': [138], 'quality': [139], 'assurance': [140], 'diagnostic': [142], 'validation.': [143], 'Based': [144], 'on': [145, 162], 'consensus': [147], 'derived': [148], 'from': [149], 'meeting,': [151], 'authors': [153], 'describe': [154], 'procedures': [155], 'recommended': [158], 'platform': [161], 'build': [165], 'definitive': [166], 'protocols': [173], 'reagents,': [175], 'cooperation': [177], 'OIE': [180, 183], 'Reference': [184], 'Laboratories.': [185]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1496374733', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 13}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 18}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 10}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-14T14:55:55.058006', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}