Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1493314461', 'doi': None, 'title': "General Dental Practitioners' Concept towards Using Radiography and Apex-Locators in Endodontics.", 'display_name': "General Dental Practitioners' Concept towards Using Radiography and Apex-Locators in Endodontics.", 'publication_year': 2014, 'publication_date': '2014-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1493314461', 'mag': '1493314461', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25386209', 'pmcid': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4224766'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25386209', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5059059033', 'display_name': 'Maryam Raoof', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2628-2136'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I235686326', 'display_name': 'Kerman University of Medical Sciences', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02kxbqc24', 'country_code': 'IR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I235686326']}], 'countries': ['IR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Maryam Raoof', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; ; Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran;'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; ; Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran;', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I235686326']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5028460595', 'display_name': 'Maryam Heidaripour', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I235686326', 'display_name': 'Kerman University of Medical Sciences', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02kxbqc24', 'country_code': 'IR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I235686326']}], 'countries': ['IR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Maryam Heidaripour', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran;'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran;', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I235686326']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5028940689', 'display_name': 'Arash Shahravan', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5344-536X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I235686326', 'display_name': 'Kerman University of Medical Sciences', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02kxbqc24', 'country_code': 'IR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I235686326']}], 'countries': ['IR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Arash Shahravan', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran;'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran;', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I235686326']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5076605357', 'display_name': 'Jahangir Haghani', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5038-7392'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I235686326', 'display_name': 'Kerman University of Medical Sciences', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02kxbqc24', 'country_code': 'IR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I235686326']}], 'countries': ['IR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Jahangir Haghani', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran;'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran;', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I235686326']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5078610180', 'display_name': 'Arash Afkham', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I57206974', 'display_name': 'New York University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0190ak572', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I57206974']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Arash Afkham', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['New York University, College of Dentistry, New York, USA;'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'New York University, College of Dentistry, New York, USA;', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I57206974']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5007959523', 'display_name': 'Mahsa Razifar', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I235686326', 'display_name': 'Kerman University of Medical Sciences', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02kxbqc24', 'country_code': 'IR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I235686326']}], 'countries': ['IR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Mahsa Razifar', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran;'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran;', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I235686326']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5029394968', 'display_name': 'Sakineh Mohammadizadeh', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I235686326', 'display_name': 'Kerman University of Medical Sciences', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02kxbqc24', 'country_code': 'IR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I235686326']}], 'countries': ['IR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Sakineh Mohammadizadeh', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Instructor, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Instructor, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I235686326']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 450, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 450, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.859, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 10, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.733159, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 86, 'max': 87}, 'biblio': {'volume': '9', 'issue': '4', 'first_page': '277', 'last_page': '82'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10536', 'display_name': 'Endodontics and Root Canal Treatments', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3504', 'display_name': 'Oral Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/35', 'display_name': 'Dentistry'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10536', 'display_name': 'Endodontics and Root Canal Treatments', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3504', 'display_name': 'Oral Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/35', 'display_name': 'Dentistry'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11363', 'display_name': 'Dental Radiography and Imaging', 'score': 0.9957, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3504', 'display_name': 'Oral Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/35', 'display_name': 'Dentistry'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13866', 'display_name': 'Occupational health in dentistry', 'score': 0.971, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3607', 'display_name': 'Medical Laboratory Technology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/36', 'display_name': 'Health Professions'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/gold-standard', 'display_name': 'Gold standard (test)', 'score': 0.56943625}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/dental-radiography', 'display_name': 'Dental radiography', 'score': 0.42869627}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/conventional-radiography', 'display_name': 'Conventional radiography', 'score': 0.4167329}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779747767', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848390', 'display_name': 'Root canal', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.81206363}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C36454342', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245341', 'display_name': 'Radiography', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8098999}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.8019227}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779847468', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852143', 'display_name': 'Endodontics', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.79519546}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199343813', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128', 'display_name': 'Dentistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.7826487}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C40993552', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514654', 'display_name': 'Gold standard (test)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.56943625}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C29694066', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118301', 'display_name': 'Orthodontics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5021193}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780203217', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5259433', 'display_name': 'Dental radiography', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.42869627}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C3019088015', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4393281', 'display_name': 'Conventional radiography', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4167329}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126838900', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604', 'display_name': 'Radiology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.13247839}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25386209', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Decent work and economic growth', 'score': 0.68, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 38, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1519943900', 'https://openalex.org/W168469089', 'https://openalex.org/W1965693658', 'https://openalex.org/W1968967892', 'https://openalex.org/W1978751902', 'https://openalex.org/W1984208707', 'https://openalex.org/W1987255261', 'https://openalex.org/W1990362423', 'https://openalex.org/W1991522895', 'https://openalex.org/W2000953190', 'https://openalex.org/W2001959086', 'https://openalex.org/W2003164726', 'https://openalex.org/W2007885183', 'https://openalex.org/W2009710250', 'https://openalex.org/W2011827328', 'https://openalex.org/W2021478309', 'https://openalex.org/W2029290333', 'https://openalex.org/W2030936883', 'https://openalex.org/W2062101937', 'https://openalex.org/W2063776106', 'https://openalex.org/W2071392275', 'https://openalex.org/W2071538375', 'https://openalex.org/W2091995491', 'https://openalex.org/W2098233874', 'https://openalex.org/W2101232688', 'https://openalex.org/W2112559348', 'https://openalex.org/W2120222668', 'https://openalex.org/W2144421530', 'https://openalex.org/W2154255393', 'https://openalex.org/W2170249315', 'https://openalex.org/W2170787004', 'https://openalex.org/W2214264126', 'https://openalex.org/W2416227378', 'https://openalex.org/W2599137006', 'https://openalex.org/W2788755988', 'https://openalex.org/W3152404742', 'https://openalex.org/W4252007827', 'https://openalex.org/W4285719527'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4280516443', 'https://openalex.org/W2768650992', 'https://openalex.org/W2760574794', 'https://openalex.org/W2515564411', 'https://openalex.org/W2350906648', 'https://openalex.org/W2171950300', 'https://openalex.org/W2088227092', 'https://openalex.org/W2019891488', 'https://openalex.org/W1506944353', 'https://openalex.org/W1493314461'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Despite': [0], 'being': [1], 'the': [2, 37, 56, 67, 74, 86, 90, 109, 115, 126, 130, 152, 166], 'gold': [3], 'standard': [4], 'as': [5, 7, 102, 114], 'well': [6], 'a': [8, 63, 138], 'routine': [9], 'technique': [10], 'in': [11, 146, 173], 'endodontics,': [12], 'radiographic': [13], 'working': [14], 'length': [15], '(WL)': [16], 'determination': [17, 172], 'owns': [18], 'many': [19], 'drawbacks.': [20], 'Electronic': [21], 'apex-locators': [22], '(EALs)': [23], 'are': [24], 'recommended': [25], 'to': [26, 35, 164], 'complement': [27], 'radiographies.': [28], 'The': [29, 81, 97], 'aim': [30], 'of': [31, 39, 69, 77, 92, 108, 123, 125, 137, 151], 'this': [32, 144], 'study': [33], 'was': [34, 83], 'evaluate': [36], 'perceptions': [38], 'Iranian': [40, 58], 'general': [41], 'dental': [42], 'practitioners': [43, 127], '(GDPs)': [44], 'towards': [45], 'using': [46, 112, 129], 'radiography': [47, 70], 'and': [48, 51, 71, 104], 'EAL.Three': [49], 'hundred': [50], 'ninety': [52], 'one': [53], 'GDPs': [54, 110], 'attending': [55], '53(th)': [57], 'Dental': [59], 'Association': [60], 'Congress': [61], 'completed': [62], 'questionnaire': [64], 'focusing': [65], 'on': [66], 'use': [68], 'EALs': [72], 'during': [73, 133], 'various': [75], 'stages': [76], 'root': [78, 134, 160], 'canal': [79, 135, 161], 'treatment.': [80], 'data': [82], 'analyzed': [84], 'with': [85, 89], 'chi-square': [87], 'test': [88], 'level': [91], 'significance': [93], 'set': [94], 'at': [95], '0.05.': [96], 'results': [98], 'were': [99, 128], 'then': [100], 'calculated': [101], 'frequencies': [103], 'percentages.More': [105], 'than': [106], 'half': [107, 150], 'reported': [111], 'radiographs': [113], 'sole': [116], 'method': [117, 145, 169], 'for': [118, 170], 'WL': [119, 171], 'determination.': [120], 'A': [121], 'total': [122], '30.4%': [124], 'combined': [131], 'approach': [132], 'therapy': [136], 'single-rooted': [139], 'tooth,': [140], 'while': [141], '38.9%': [142], 'used': [143], 'multi-rooted': [147], 'teeth.': [148], 'Approximately': [149], 'respondents': [153], 'would': [154], 'not': [155], 'order': [156], 'follow-up': [157], 'radiographies': [158], 'after': [159], 'treatment.Radiography': [162], 'continues': [163], 'be': [165], 'most': [167], 'common': [168], 'Iran.': [174]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1493314461', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-13T12:41:31.307883', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}