Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1492616485', 'doi': None, 'title': 'Unemployment Insurance, Duration of Unemployment, and Subsequent Wage Gain', 'display_name': 'Unemployment Insurance, Duration of Unemployment, and Subsequent Wage Gain', 'publication_year': 1976, 'publication_date': '1976-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1492616485', 'mag': '1492616485'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/articles/629/', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S23254222', 'display_name': 'American Economic Review', 'issn_l': '0002-8282', 'issn': ['0002-8282', '1944-7981'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315912', 'host_organization_name': 'American Economic Association', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315912'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Economic Association'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'posted-content', 'indexed_in': [], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5008503776', 'display_name': 'Ronald G. Ehrenberg', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Ronald G Ehrenberg', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5019026017', 'display_name': 'Ronald L. Oaxaca', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2117-2552'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Ronald L Oaxaca', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 0, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 17.415, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 342, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.996083, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '66', 'issue': '5', 'first_page': '754', 'last_page': '766'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10208', 'display_name': 'Labor market dynamics and wage inequality', 'score': 0.9994, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2002', 'display_name': 'Economics and Econometrics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10208', 'display_name': 'Labor market dynamics and wage inequality', 'score': 0.9994, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2002', 'display_name': 'Economics and Econometrics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11959', 'display_name': 'Employment and Welfare Studies', 'score': 0.9796, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3600', 'display_name': 'General Health Professions'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/36', 'display_name': 'Health Professions'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13399', 'display_name': 'Unemployment and Economic Growth', 'score': 0.9555, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2002', 'display_name': 'Economics and Econometrics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778126366', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41171', 'display_name': 'Unemployment', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.91376495}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.786095}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777388388', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6821213', 'display_name': 'Wage', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6091037}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C112758219', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16038819', 'display_name': 'Duration (music)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5941843}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C145236788', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161', 'display_name': 'Labour economics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5451819}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C182306322', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371', 'display_name': 'Order (exchange)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4859132}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C175291020', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822', 'display_name': 'Offset (computer science)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.42797098}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C4249254', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431', 'display_name': 'Demographic economics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.33499214}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C139719470', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680', 'display_name': 'Macroeconomics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.090101}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142362112', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735', 'display_name': 'Art', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C124952713', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242', 'display_name': 'Literature', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C10138342', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015', 'display_name': 'Finance', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199360897', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143', 'display_name': 'Programming language', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/articles/629/', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S23254222', 'display_name': 'American Economic Review', 'issn_l': '0002-8282', 'issn': ['0002-8282', '1944-7981'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315912', 'host_organization_name': 'American Economic Association', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315912'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Economic Association'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.71, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8', 'display_name': 'Decent work and economic growth'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 7, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1484118459', 'https://openalex.org/W1497545718', 'https://openalex.org/W1605145565', 'https://openalex.org/W2030776326', 'https://openalex.org/W2107581120', 'https://openalex.org/W2325386639', 'https://openalex.org/W3083225435'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3124097068', 'https://openalex.org/W3123119954', 'https://openalex.org/W3122408043', 'https://openalex.org/W3121471548', 'https://openalex.org/W2143681666', 'https://openalex.org/W2135279395', 'https://openalex.org/W2061404170', 'https://openalex.org/W2053240762', 'https://openalex.org/W2052888666', 'https://openalex.org/W2051220593', 'https://openalex.org/W2033306386', 'https://openalex.org/W2030470427', 'https://openalex.org/W2028359817', 'https://openalex.org/W2023936086', 'https://openalex.org/W2018600064', 'https://openalex.org/W1980886856', 'https://openalex.org/W1975009779', 'https://openalex.org/W1974940523', 'https://openalex.org/W1605145565', 'https://openalex.org/W1570584365'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Recent': [0], 'debate': [1], 'over': [2], 'potential': [3], 'methods': [4], 'to': [5, 26, 57, 67, 70, 80, 135, 162, 240, 252, 360, 447, 496, 529], 'reduce': [6], 'the': [7, 12, 15, 28, 33, 40, 53, 119, 133, 154, 165, 177, 180, 203, 231, 247, 267, 282, 290, 332, 345, 351, 354, 368, 371, 382, 387, 417, 422, 444, 458, 467, 487, 498, 511, 530], 'unemployment': [8, 16, 109, 143, 192], 'rate': [9], 'has': [10, 494, 524], '.stressed': [11], 'impact': [13, 204, 233, 468, 500], 'of': [14, 30, 52, 91, 108, 122, 137, 140, 142, 168, 179, 191, 202, 205, 210, 212, 230, 258, 269, 271, 299, 314, 324, 327, 334, 340, 353, 370, 376, 386, 419, 421, 429, 434, 460, 469, 486], 'insurance': [17], '(UI)': [18], 'system,': [19], 'arguing': [20], 'that': [21, 48, 95, 482], 'liberal': [22], 'benefit': [23, 99], 'levels': [24, 78, 100, 186], 'tend': [25], 'increase': [27, 103], 'level': [29, 121, 167], "unemployment.'": [31], 'That': [32], 'system': [34, 55], 'may': [35], 'have': [36, 197, 216, 225, 294], 'this': [37, 127, 377, 430, 521, 535], 'effect': [38], 'in': [39, 47, 82, 97, 156, 427, 439, 484, 534], 'short': [41], 'run': [42], 'should': [43], 'not': [44], 'be': [45, 448], 'surprising': [46], 'an': [49, 475], 'explicit': [50], 'objective': [51], 'UI': [54, 98, 123, 145, 169, 184, 206, 470], 'is': [56, 149, 261, 453, 478], 'provide': [58], 'temporary': [59], 'income': [60], 'maintenance': [61], 'for': [62, 274, 296, 363, 391, 406, 518], 'unemployed': [63, 104, 188], 'workers,': [64], 'so': [65], 'as': [66, 262, 527], 'allow': [68], 'them': [69], 'reject': [71], 'job': [72, 84, 92, 272], 'offers': [73], 'substantially': [74], 'below': [75], 'their': [76, 111], 'skill': [77], 'and': [79, 110, 130, 187, 193, 308, 316, 321, 400, 415, 504, 514], 'engage': [81], 'productive': [83], 'search.2': [85], 'Indeed': [86], 'all': [87], 'formal': [88], 'analytic': [89], 'models': [90, 428], 'search': [93, 273, 461], 'imply': [94], 'increases': [96, 155], 'will': [101], 'both': [102, 254], "workers'": [105, 189, 502], 'expected': [106, 112, 157], 'durations': [107, 139, 190], 'postunemployment': [113, 158, 194], 'wages.3': [114], 'Consequently,': [115], 'any': [116], 'discussion': [117], "of'": [118], 'appropriate': [120], 'benefits': [124, 146, 170, 207], 'must': [125, 173], 'consider': [126], 'intertemporal': [128], 'tradeoff': [129], 'evaluate': [131, 163], 'whether': [132], 'cost': [134], 'society': [136], 'increased': [138], 'spells': [141, 211], 'when': [144], 'are': [147, 349, 357, 437], 'raised': [148], 'more': [150], 'than': [151, 464], 'offset': [152], 'by': [153, 449], 'wages.': [159], 'In': [160], 'order': [161], 'what': [164], 'optimal': [166], 'is,': [171], 'one': [172], 'therefore': [174], 'first': [175], 'estimate': [176, 253, 497], 'magnitude': [178], "rela-'": [181], 'tionships': [182], 'between': [183], "benefits'": [185], '-wages.': [195], 'There': [196], 'been': [198, 217, 226], 'several': [199], 'previous': [200, 228], 'studies': [201, 229, 436], 'on': [208, 234, 501], 'duration': [209], 'unemployment,': [213], 'however': [214, 344], 'none': [215], 'completely': [218], 'satisfactory': [219], 'methodologically.4': [220], 'To': [221], 'our': [222, 259, 275, 490], 'knowledge,': [223], 'there': [224], 'no': [227], "system's": [232, 499], 'subsequent': [235], 'wage': [236], 'rates.5': [237], 'We': [238, 356], 'attempt': [239], 'fill': [241], 'these': [242, 413, 435], 'gaps,': [243], 'utilizing': [244], 'data': [245, 509, 522, 532], 'from': [246, 481, 510], 'National': [248], 'Longitudinal': [249], 'Survey': [250], '(NLS)': [251], 'relationships.': [255], 'The': [256, 285], 'plan': [257], 'paper': [260, 330, 378], 'follows.': [263], 'First,': [264], 'we': [265, 279, 293], 'sketch': [266], 'implications': [268, 459], 'theories': [270, 414], 'estimating': [276, 466], 'equations.': [277], 'Next,': [278], 'briefly': [280], 'discuss': [281], 'NLS': [283, 531], 'data.': [284], 'following': [286], 'four': [287, 297], 'sections': [288], 'summarize': [289], 'empirical': [291], 'results': [292, 333], 'obtained': [295], 'cohorts': [298], 'data:': [300], 'older': [301], 'males,': [302], 'ages': [303, 306], '45-59;': [304], 'Women,': [305], '30-44;': [307], 'younger': [309], 'males': [310], '*': [311], 'Associate': [312], 'professor': [313, 323], 'economics': [315], 'labor': [317], 'economics,': [318, 325], 'Cornell': [319], 'University,': [320], 'associate': [322], 'University': [326], 'Arizona.': [328], 'This': [329], 'summarizes': [331], 'research': [335, 365], 'supported': [336], 'under': [337], 'U.S.': [338], 'Department': [339], 'Labor': [341], 'Contract': [342], 'L74-49,': [343], 'views': [346], 'expressed': [347], 'here': [348], 'solely': [350], 'responsibility': [352], 'authors.': [355], 'deeply': [358], 'indebted': [359], 'Edward': [361], 'Karl': [362], 'his': [364], 'assistance': [366], 'during': [367], 'course': [369], 'study.': [372], 'An': [373], 'earlier': [374], 'version': [375], 'was': [379], 'delivered': [380], 'at': [381], 'Third': [383], 'World': [384], 'Congress': [385], 'Econometric': [388], 'Society.': [389], "'See": [390, 405], 'example,': [392, 407], 'Martin': [393], 'Feldstein': [394], '(1973).': [395], "'": [396, 432], 'See': [397], 'William': [398], 'Haber': [399], 'Merrill': [401], 'Murray,': [402], 'pp.': [403], '26-35.': [404], 'Dale': [408], 'Mortensen.': [409], 'Kenneth': [410], 'Burdett': [411], 'surveys': [412], 'emphasizes': [416], 'importance': [418], 'each': [420], 'various': [423], 'assumptions': [424], 'customarily': [425], 'made': [426], 'type.': [431], 'Many': [433], 'enumerated': [438], 'Ehrenberg': [440], '(1974).': [441], 'By': [442], 'far': [443], 'best': [445], 'appears': [446], 'Ronald': [450], 'Schmidt,': [451], 'who': [452], 'concerned': [454], 'primarily': [455], 'with': [456, 465], 'testing': [457], 'theory': [462], 'rather': [463], 'benefits.': [471], 'Stephen': [472], 'Marston': [473], 'presents': [474], 'approach': [476], 'which': [477], 'quite': [479], 'different': [480], 'found': [483], 'most': [485], 'studies,': [488], 'including': [489], 'own.': [491], 'Kathleen': [492], 'Classen': [493], 'attempted': [495], 'annual': [503], 'high': [505], 'quarter': [506], 'earnings,': [507], 'using': [508], 'Continuous': [512], 'Wage': [513], 'Benefit': [515], 'History': [516], 'File': [517], 'Pennsylvania.': [519], 'Unfortunately,': [520], 'base': [523], 'numerous': [525], 'weaknesses': [526], 'compared': [528], 'used': [533], 'study': [536], '(see': [537], 'Ehrenberg,': [538], '1975).': [539]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1492616485', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 14}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-17T19:10:20.065751', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}