Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1483359787', 'doi': None, 'title': 'Utilitarianism and Patents: Justification and Change', 'display_name': 'Utilitarianism and Patents: Justification and Change', 'publication_year': 2010, 'publication_date': '2010-07-19', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1483359787', 'mag': '1483359787'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://muse.jhu.edu/article/416398', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764998920', 'display_name': 'Asian Bioethics Review', 'issn_l': '1793-9453', 'issn': ['1793-9453', '1793-8759'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': [], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5025150331', 'display_name': 'Ho Calvin Wai Loon', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Ho Calvin Wai Loon', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 0, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5025150331'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 2490, 'currency': 'EUR', 'value_usd': 3090, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.655, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 2, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.680662, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 71, 'max': 75}, 'biblio': {'volume': '2', 'issue': '3', 'first_page': '202', 'last_page': '217'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10856', 'display_name': 'Analysis of Intellectual Property Rights and Innovation', 'score': 0.9945, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1405', 'display_name': 'Management of Technology and Innovation'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/14', 'display_name': 'Business, Management and Accounting'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10856', 'display_name': 'Analysis of Intellectual Property Rights and Innovation', 'score': 0.9945, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1405', 'display_name': 'Management of Technology and Innovation'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/14', 'display_name': 'Business, Management and Accounting'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/utilitarianism', 'display_name': 'Utilitarianism', 'score': 0.6881355}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/patent-analysis', 'display_name': 'Patent Analysis', 'score': 0.650395}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/patent-citations', 'display_name': 'Patent Citations', 'score': 0.605624}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/exclusive-right', 'display_name': 'Exclusive right', 'score': 0.5789504}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/licensing', 'display_name': 'Licensing', 'score': 0.547326}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/r&d-incentives', 'display_name': 'R&D Incentives', 'score': 0.530579}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/innovations', 'display_name': 'Innovations', 'score': 0.525403}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/obligation', 'display_name': 'Obligation', 'score': 0.43213642}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778999518', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8', 'display_name': 'Happiness', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7257464}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C525925914', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160590', 'display_name': 'Utilitarianism', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6881355}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C74676461', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1146011', 'display_name': 'Exclusive right', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5789504}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C190253527', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354', 'display_name': 'Law and economics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5389427}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776154427', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7755', 'display_name': 'Constitution', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.51251006}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777351106', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49371', 'display_name': 'Legislation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5119804}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C70789860', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2018526', 'display_name': 'The arts', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.44770294}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778447849', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2648051', 'display_name': 'Obligation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.43213642}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748', 'display_name': 'Law', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4088084}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.39166406}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C34974158', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131257', 'display_name': 'Intellectual property', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.38142365}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.368504}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://muse.jhu.edu/article/416398', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764998920', 'display_name': 'Asian Bioethics Review', 'issn_l': '1793-9453', 'issn': ['1793-9453', '1793-8759'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 36, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W132347356', 'https://openalex.org/W1491712652', 'https://openalex.org/W1493004624', 'https://openalex.org/W1495048431', 'https://openalex.org/W1507076965', 'https://openalex.org/W1509807072', 'https://openalex.org/W1522849924', 'https://openalex.org/W1572553204', 'https://openalex.org/W1573009470', 'https://openalex.org/W1743660402', 'https://openalex.org/W1955340616', 'https://openalex.org/W1984349911', 'https://openalex.org/W1985122300', 'https://openalex.org/W2009628827', 'https://openalex.org/W2045892093', 'https://openalex.org/W2057746856', 'https://openalex.org/W2076000709', 'https://openalex.org/W2121478539', 'https://openalex.org/W2161239612', 'https://openalex.org/W2170829210', 'https://openalex.org/W2397391168', 'https://openalex.org/W2487654187', 'https://openalex.org/W269123339', 'https://openalex.org/W2963556484', 'https://openalex.org/W3082600570', 'https://openalex.org/W3123751986', 'https://openalex.org/W3149527288', 'https://openalex.org/W47108678', 'https://openalex.org/W574010142', 'https://openalex.org/W595420998', 'https://openalex.org/W605189173', 'https://openalex.org/W606236425', 'https://openalex.org/W610367462', 'https://openalex.org/W641722267', 'https://openalex.org/W652901456', 'https://openalex.org/W825490455'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W641774760', 'https://openalex.org/W599528475', 'https://openalex.org/W49731183', 'https://openalex.org/W318410096', 'https://openalex.org/W3129836135', 'https://openalex.org/W3126054293', 'https://openalex.org/W3125529667', 'https://openalex.org/W3123278142', 'https://openalex.org/W3122656866', 'https://openalex.org/W3121647525', 'https://openalex.org/W2253534065', 'https://openalex.org/W2194397699', 'https://openalex.org/W1658546672', 'https://openalex.org/W1602216862', 'https://openalex.org/W1570399502', 'https://openalex.org/W152110870', 'https://openalex.org/W1519607966', 'https://openalex.org/W1509038294', 'https://openalex.org/W1499664935', 'https://openalex.org/W143142804'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1483359787', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-18T19:46:39.772325', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}