Abstract: Risk assessment tools enable researchers, industry, and authorities to predict the probability of negative effects in the environment, including humans, and to make necessary decisions and take actions in restricting and controlling the use and/or release of chemicals. The traditional risk assessment paradigm is based on four main steps: hazard identification, dose–response evaluation, exposure assessment, and risk characterization. For the purpose of risk assessment, different environmental compartments are treated somewhat separately, often with an emphasis on the aquatic and terrestrial environments. In the aquatic risk assessment, fresh water and marine environments can be considered separately. In the aquatic compartments, further division is made between the water column and the sediments.
Publication Year: 2014
Publication Date: 2014-01-01
Language: en
Type: book-chapter
Indexed In: ['crossref']
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