Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W120601871', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1312-0_6', 'title': 'Introduction to clean technology', 'display_name': 'Introduction to clean technology', 'publication_year': 1995, 'publication_date': '1995-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W120601871', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1312-0_6', 'mag': '120601871'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1312-0_6', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463937', 'display_name': 'Springer eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Nature', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature'], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'book-chapter', 'type_crossref': 'book-chapter', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5072945183', 'display_name': 'Roland Clift', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1183-496X'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Roland Clift', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5011386460', 'display_name': 'Anita J. Longley', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Anita J. Longley', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 0, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 3.906, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 27, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.94204, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 87, 'max': 88}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': '174', 'last_page': '198'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11053', 'display_name': 'State-of-the-Art in Process Optimization under Uncertainty', 'score': 0.2018, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2207', 'display_name': 'Control and Systems Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11053', 'display_name': 'State-of-the-Art in Process Optimization under Uncertainty', 'score': 0.2018, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2207', 'display_name': 'Control and Systems Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/clean-up', 'display_name': 'Clean-up', 'score': 0.76736414}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/clean-technology', 'display_name': 'Clean technology', 'score': 0.7561311}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/retrofitting', 'display_name': 'Retrofitting', 'score': 0.67599046}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/clean-water', 'display_name': 'Clean water', 'score': 0.633739}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-pollution', 'display_name': 'Environmental pollution', 'score': 0.45136738}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling', 'display_name': 'Scheduling', 'score': 0.424422}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778467254', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5130596', 'display_name': 'Clean-up', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.76736414}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780520809', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1099456', 'display_name': 'Clean technology', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7561311}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778368411', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24662', 'display_name': 'Retrofitting', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.67599046}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2994102451', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7892', 'display_name': 'Clean water', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.633739}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C522964758', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2019586', 'display_name': 'Environmental remediation', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.57537997}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776608160', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462', 'display_name': 'Natural (archaeology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5389422}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C548081761', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388', 'display_name': 'Waste management', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.48289704}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.48051414}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2909468537', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58734', 'display_name': 'Environmental pollution', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45136738}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C39432304', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847', 'display_name': 'Environmental science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.44729006}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C521259446', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58734', 'display_name': 'Pollution', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4441539}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C107053488', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2674423', 'display_name': 'Construction engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.38822293}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C91375879', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15473274', 'display_name': 'Environmental planning', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.37191892}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C87717796', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326', 'display_name': 'Environmental engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.33434618}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C112570922', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60528603', 'display_name': 'Contamination', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.19588774}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C526734887', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q832237', 'display_name': 'Environmental protection', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.18202105}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C205649164', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071', 'display_name': 'Geography', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.10007277}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.07488167}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18903297', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150', 'display_name': 'Ecology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.06857303}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.059355438}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C66938386', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538', 'display_name': 'Structural engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C166957645', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498', 'display_name': 'Archaeology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C43617362', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050', 'display_name': 'Chromatography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748', 'display_name': 'Law', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C4725764', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844704', 'display_name': 'Extraction (chemistry)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1312-0_6', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463937', 'display_name': 'Springer eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Nature', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature'], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9', 'display_name': 'Industry, innovation and infrastructure', 'score': 0.67}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 12, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W113432905', 'https://openalex.org/W1603477392', 'https://openalex.org/W1646060650', 'https://openalex.org/W19750414', 'https://openalex.org/W2003639867', 'https://openalex.org/W2032420157', 'https://openalex.org/W2088353519', 'https://openalex.org/W2150426707', 'https://openalex.org/W2316238942', 'https://openalex.org/W2317003585', 'https://openalex.org/W2729202439', 'https://openalex.org/W2735459819'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4255696650', 'https://openalex.org/W4247251830', 'https://openalex.org/W2911822872', 'https://openalex.org/W2794265266', 'https://openalex.org/W2601945647', 'https://openalex.org/W2522458710', 'https://openalex.org/W2374199737', 'https://openalex.org/W2339029648', 'https://openalex.org/W2317814028', 'https://openalex.org/W2010783137'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W120601871', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-16T11:07:05.636981', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}