Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W118851396', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2741/2034', 'title': 'The role of collagenolytic matrix metalloproteinases in the loss of articular cartilage in osteoarthritis', 'display_name': 'The role of collagenolytic matrix metalloproteinases in the loss of articular cartilage in osteoarthritis', 'publication_year': 2006, 'publication_date': '2006-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W118851396', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2741/2034', 'mag': '118851396', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16720377'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.2741/2034', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.imrpress.com/journal/FBL/11/3/10.2741/2034/pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S185455647', 'display_name': 'Frontiers in bioscience', 'issn_l': '1093-4715', 'issn': ['1093-4715', '1093-9946', '1094-3935'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320848', 'host_organization_name': 'Frontiers in Bioscience', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320848'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Frontiers in Bioscience'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'https://www.imrpress.com/journal/FBL/11/3/10.2741/2034/pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5037208991', 'display_name': 'N. Smith Gerald', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I55769427', 'display_name': 'Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05gxnyn08', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I55769427', 'https://openalex.org/I592451']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4394709130', 'display_name': 'Indiana University School of Medicine', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02ets8c94', 'country_code': None, 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4394709130', 'https://openalex.org/I592451']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Gerald, N. Smith', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5126, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5126, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I55769427', 'https://openalex.org/I4394709130']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5037208991'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I55769427', 'https://openalex.org/I4394709130'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.592, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 73, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.996737, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 95, 'max': 96}, 'biblio': {'volume': '11', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '3081', 'last_page': '3081'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10620', 'display_name': 'Protease and Inhibitor Mechanisms', 'score': 0.9991, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1306', 'display_name': 'Cancer Research'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10620', 'display_name': 'Protease and Inhibitor Mechanisms', 'score': 0.9991, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1306', 'display_name': 'Cancer Research'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10105', 'display_name': 'Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms', 'score': 0.9988, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2745', 'display_name': 'Rheumatology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10881', 'display_name': 'Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis Mechanisms', 'score': 0.9965, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2720', 'display_name': 'Hematology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix', 'display_name': 'Matrix (chemical analysis)', 'score': 0.51588523}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C109523444', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424216', 'display_name': 'Matrix metalloproteinase', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.90643036}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780550940', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q502730', 'display_name': 'Cartilage', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.87589645}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C189165786', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193825', 'display_name': 'Extracellular matrix', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.75229186}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776164576', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62736', 'display_name': 'Osteoarthritis', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.74726164}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5654349}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C106487976', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816', 'display_name': 'Matrix (chemical analysis)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.51588523}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C3020332539', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2014564', 'display_name': 'Articular cartilage', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.48421645}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C95444343', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141', 'display_name': 'Cell biology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.36621115}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142724271', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208', 'display_name': 'Pathology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3054887}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C105702510', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514', 'display_name': 'Anatomy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.2472634}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.23767355}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.22182116}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.18384576}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C204787440', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504', 'display_name': 'Alternative medicine', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C43617362', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050', 'display_name': 'Chromatography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D002358', 'descriptor_name': 'Cartilage, Articular', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003094', 'descriptor_name': 'Collagen', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020782', 'descriptor_name': 'Matrix Metalloproteinases', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010003', 'descriptor_name': 'Osteoarthritis', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000503', 'qualifier_name': 'physiopathology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010003', 'descriptor_name': 'Osteoarthritis', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000201', 'qualifier_name': 'enzymology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002358', 'descriptor_name': 'Cartilage, Articular', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003094', 'descriptor_name': 'Collagen', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018450', 'descriptor_name': 'Disease Progression', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004791', 'descriptor_name': 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004791', 'descriptor_name': 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005786', 'descriptor_name': 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D061965', 'descriptor_name': 'Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020782', 'descriptor_name': 'Matrix Metalloproteinases', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000096', 'qualifier_name': 'biosynthesis', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020782', 'descriptor_name': 'Matrix Metalloproteinases', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010003', 'descriptor_name': 'Osteoarthritis', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.2741/2034', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.imrpress.com/journal/FBL/11/3/10.2741/2034/pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S185455647', 'display_name': 'Frontiers in bioscience', 'issn_l': '1093-4715', 'issn': ['1093-4715', '1093-9946', '1094-3935'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320848', 'host_organization_name': 'Frontiers in Bioscience', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320848'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Frontiers in Bioscience'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16720377', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.2741/2034', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.imrpress.com/journal/FBL/11/3/10.2741/2034/pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S185455647', 'display_name': 'Frontiers in bioscience', 'issn_l': '1093-4715', 'issn': ['1093-4715', '1093-9946', '1094-3935'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320848', 'host_organization_name': 'Frontiers in Bioscience', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320848'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Frontiers in Bioscience'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 124, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1519765807', 'https://openalex.org/W1524239466', 'https://openalex.org/W1525176931', 'https://openalex.org/W1525484196', 'https://openalex.org/W1571553794', 'https://openalex.org/W1593295279', 'https://openalex.org/W1604624144', 'https://openalex.org/W1668309971', 'https://openalex.org/W1800142641', 'https://openalex.org/W1804633340', 'https://openalex.org/W181883925', 'https://openalex.org/W1870486979', 'https://openalex.org/W190590421', 'https://openalex.org/W1921708445', 'https://openalex.org/W1933219564', 'https://openalex.org/W1950911242', 'https://openalex.org/W1963718389', 'https://openalex.org/W1967494982', 'https://openalex.org/W1969123415', 'https://openalex.org/W1969179229', 'https://openalex.org/W1969803272', 'https://openalex.org/W1969830786', 'https://openalex.org/W1971039298', 'https://openalex.org/W1971918787', 'https://openalex.org/W1973547300', 'https://openalex.org/W1974449373', 'https://openalex.org/W1974991840', 'https://openalex.org/W1979686980', 'https://openalex.org/W1979972616', 'https://openalex.org/W1983174031', 'https://openalex.org/W1988924807', 'https://openalex.org/W1989187561', 'https://openalex.org/W1990844960', 'https://openalex.org/W1991295658', 'https://openalex.org/W1991782029', 'https://openalex.org/W1995248099', 'https://openalex.org/W1998286380', 'https://openalex.org/W1998305917', 'https://openalex.org/W1999087512', 'https://openalex.org/W2003867975', 'https://openalex.org/W2004488501', 'https://openalex.org/W2004823364', 'https://openalex.org/W2006890885', 'https://openalex.org/W2007202300', 'https://openalex.org/W2008173186', 'https://openalex.org/W2013524931', 'https://openalex.org/W2018706434', 'https://openalex.org/W2025116429', 'https://openalex.org/W2029591566', 'https://openalex.org/W2029782642', 'https://openalex.org/W2030334284', 'https://openalex.org/W2030805052', 'https://openalex.org/W2030982529', 'https://openalex.org/W2033701197', 'https://openalex.org/W2037407273', 'https://openalex.org/W2038589167', 'https://openalex.org/W2039113875', 'https://openalex.org/W2042166751', 'https://openalex.org/W2043068076', 'https://openalex.org/W2047299186', 'https://openalex.org/W2047636197', 'https://openalex.org/W2049689451', 'https://openalex.org/W2050844968', 'https://openalex.org/W2051200891', 'https://openalex.org/W2055302358', 'https://openalex.org/W2056420432', 'https://openalex.org/W2056526793', 'https://openalex.org/W2056743394', 'https://openalex.org/W2060790972', 'https://openalex.org/W2062758922', 'https://openalex.org/W2063210598', 'https://openalex.org/W2063897047', 'https://openalex.org/W2068815526', 'https://openalex.org/W2070906225', 'https://openalex.org/W2073456348', 'https://openalex.org/W2074153788', 'https://openalex.org/W2074933190', 'https://openalex.org/W2075649665', 'https://openalex.org/W2076788207', 'https://openalex.org/W2078744277', 'https://openalex.org/W2081574718', 'https://openalex.org/W2081923855', 'https://openalex.org/W2085465901', 'https://openalex.org/W2087193732', 'https://openalex.org/W2090595109', 'https://openalex.org/W2090671320', 'https://openalex.org/W2092496786', 'https://openalex.org/W2095222179', 'https://openalex.org/W2097977337', 'https://openalex.org/W2114099247', 'https://openalex.org/W2116969857', 'https://openalex.org/W2123063562', 'https://openalex.org/W2138960046', 'https://openalex.org/W2143573041', 'https://openalex.org/W2149735330', 'https://openalex.org/W2150719249', 'https://openalex.org/W2152487395', 'https://openalex.org/W2154401382', 'https://openalex.org/W2156690580', 'https://openalex.org/W2156953997', 'https://openalex.org/W2163684373', 'https://openalex.org/W2165617981', 'https://openalex.org/W2167513470', 'https://openalex.org/W2167709602', 'https://openalex.org/W2248431402', 'https://openalex.org/W2254579098', 'https://openalex.org/W2287771163', 'https://openalex.org/W2319903292', 'https://openalex.org/W2410583829', 'https://openalex.org/W2414611014', 'https://openalex.org/W2415941949', 'https://openalex.org/W2415963158', 'https://openalex.org/W2428056587', 'https://openalex.org/W2466377444', 'https://openalex.org/W251085771', 'https://openalex.org/W326021446', 'https://openalex.org/W4238007396', 'https://openalex.org/W4242586278', 'https://openalex.org/W4243294724', 'https://openalex.org/W4244042584', 'https://openalex.org/W4246933005', 'https://openalex.org/W4254360252', 'https://openalex.org/W4254365686', 'https://openalex.org/W55165475'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W67680274', 'https://openalex.org/W43051378', 'https://openalex.org/W2609988931', 'https://openalex.org/W2471275172', 'https://openalex.org/W2399357276', 'https://openalex.org/W2386455785', 'https://openalex.org/W2354638333', 'https://openalex.org/W2354155665', 'https://openalex.org/W2292402945', 'https://openalex.org/W1991507260'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Digestion': [0], 'of': [1, 11, 65, 72, 91, 96, 118], 'cartilage': [2, 13, 29, 59, 66, 97], 'collagen': [3, 30], 'is': [4, 32], 'a': [5], 'critical': [6], 'step': [7], 'in': [8, 14, 28, 50, 57, 76, 99, 106, 111], 'the': [9, 24, 46, 53, 61, 77, 86, 89, 94], 'loss': [10], 'articular': [12], 'osteoarthritis': [15], '(OA).': [16], 'The': [17], 'hypothesis': [18], 'that': [19, 36, 84, 104], 'matrix': [20, 48], 'metalloproteinases': [21], '(MMPs)': [22], 'are': [23, 55, 74, 113], 'primary': [25], 'enzymes': [26, 54], 'involved': [27], 'digestion': [31, 70], 'supported': [33], 'by': [34], 'evidence': [35], 'indicates': [37], 'that:': [38], '1)': [39], 'one': [40], 'or': [41], 'more': [42], 'MMP': [43, 73, 92], 'can': [44], 'digest': [45], 'extracellular': [47], 'components': [49], 'vitro,': [51], '2)': [52], 'expressed': [56], 'OA': [58, 78], 'at': [60], 'place': [62], 'and': [63, 80, 108], 'time': [64], 'destruction,': [67], '3)': [68], 'specific': [69], 'products': [71], 'present': [75], 'cartilage,': [79], '4)': [81], 'experimental': [82], 'strategies': [83], 'alter': [85, 93], 'expression': [87], 'and/or': [88], 'activity': [90], 'progression': [95], 'destruction': [98], 'OA.': [100, 119], 'These': [101], 'observations': [102], 'suggest': [103], 'MMPs': [105, 110], 'general': [107], 'collagenolytic': [109], 'particular': [112], 'promising': [114], 'targets': [115], 'for': [116], 'treatment': [117]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W118851396', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 7}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-24T23:32:18.958111', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}