Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W111672675', 'doi': None, 'title': 'In-cylinder flow and combustion studies in an air-assisted direct injection gasoline engine', 'display_name': 'In-cylinder flow and combustion studies in an air-assisted direct injection gasoline engine', 'publication_year': 2004, 'publication_date': '2004-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W111672675', 'mag': '111672675'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://bura.brunel.ac.uk/bitstream/2438/5473/1/FulltextThesis.pdf', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': None, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'dissertation', 'type_crossref': 'dissertation', 'indexed_in': [], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5040749629', 'display_name': 'Ben Leach', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Ben Thomas Leach', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 0, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5040749629'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': None, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 1, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.638889, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 61, 'max': 68}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10117', 'display_name': 'Chemical Kinetics of Combustion Processes', 'score': 0.9984, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1507', 'display_name': 'Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/15', 'display_name': 'Chemical Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10117', 'display_name': 'Chemical Kinetics of Combustion Processes', 'score': 0.9984, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1507', 'display_name': 'Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/15', 'display_name': 'Chemical Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12095', 'display_name': 'Estimating Vehicle Fuel Consumption and Emissions', 'score': 0.9922, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2203', 'display_name': 'Automotive Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T14156', 'display_name': 'Structural Analysis and Design Optimization in Engineering', 'score': 0.9785, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2205', 'display_name': 'Civil and Structural Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/gasoline-direct-injection', 'display_name': 'Gasoline direct injection', 'score': 0.7777852}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-combustion-engines', 'display_name': 'Internal Combustion Engines', 'score': 0.611928}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/fuel-chemistry', 'display_name': 'Fuel Chemistry', 'score': 0.599126}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/fuel-consumption', 'display_name': 'Fuel Consumption', 'score': 0.554114}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/driving-cycles', 'display_name': 'Driving Cycles', 'score': 0.541575}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/combustion', 'display_name': 'Combustion', 'score': 0.541442}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/engine-knocking', 'display_name': 'Engine knocking', 'score': 0.54020077}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-air-injection', 'display_name': 'Secondary air injection', 'score': 0.42586732}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776595511', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761910', 'display_name': 'Gasoline direct injection', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.7777852}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C203311528', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34132', 'display_name': 'Cylinder', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6803711}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C39573554', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q502048', 'display_name': 'Petrol engine', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.64764524}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C103697071', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39558', 'display_name': 'Gasoline', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.63600105}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C105923489', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133235', 'display_name': 'Combustion', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6316402}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C171146098', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192', 'display_name': 'Automotive engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.6257727}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C53932193', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135198', 'display_name': 'Engine knocking', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.54020077}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C96949565', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5606882', 'display_name': 'Homogeneous charge compression ignition', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.49875426}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C38349280', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290', 'display_name': 'Flow (mathematics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4735607}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C39432304', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847', 'display_name': 'Environmental science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.45991296}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C511840579', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12757', 'display_name': 'Internal combustion engine', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.457332}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17623918', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441828', 'display_name': 'Secondary air injection', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.42586732}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C78519656', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333', 'display_name': 'Mechanical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.40303582}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C78762247', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1273174', 'display_name': 'Petroleum engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.39828873}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C106169591', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909434', 'display_name': 'Combustion chamber', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.37737104}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.36723262}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C57879066', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217', 'display_name': 'Mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.36540514}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C192562407', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736', 'display_name': 'Materials science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.3413065}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C548081761', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388', 'display_name': 'Waste management', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.2727388}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.26946247}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.18509465}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C178790620', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351', 'display_name': 'Organic chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.055621147}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://bura.brunel.ac.uk/bitstream/2438/5473/1/FulltextThesis.pdf', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': None, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7', 'score': 0.66, 'display_name': 'Affordable and clean energy'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W659581460', 'https://openalex.org/W614448317', 'https://openalex.org/W50323410', 'https://openalex.org/W3207069843', 'https://openalex.org/W2976535630', 'https://openalex.org/W2953733492', 'https://openalex.org/W2940976661', 'https://openalex.org/W2936337443', 'https://openalex.org/W2934801340', 'https://openalex.org/W2864261909', 'https://openalex.org/W2836046786', 'https://openalex.org/W2793162358', 'https://openalex.org/W2785131555', 'https://openalex.org/W2774955972', 'https://openalex.org/W2774429858', 'https://openalex.org/W2772686741', 'https://openalex.org/W2770162146', 'https://openalex.org/W2402840188', 'https://openalex.org/W1566516300', 'https://openalex.org/W1492188270'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W111672675', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-09-16T16:15:23.462225', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}