Title: Chapter 3 Experimentally Induced Homozygosity in Xenopus laevis
Abstract: This chapter describes experimentally induced homozygosity in Xenopus laevis. Genomic manipulation of amphibians during meiosis or mitosis is accomplished using primarily physical agents such as cold, heat, and pressure. Chemical methods, such as those involving the use of cytochalasin B, are useful in organisms with small eggs that facilitate removal of the agents by washing, however are difficult to control in larger eggs such as those of amphibia. Under the correct conditions the spindle apparatus is arrested or destroyed so that a restitution nucleus containing all sets of chromosomes destined for the meiotic or mitotic products forms in the cell whose division has been aborted. These experimental strategies have typically limited to second meiotic and first mitotic divisions as their precise timing under controlled condition fosters reliable manipulations. Gynogenetic reproduction occurs naturally in several amphibian species, and it is induced in many species by suppression of second meiotic division in eggs fertilized with irradiated sperm or with other sperm cells that do not contribute nuclear material to the zygote. The chapter describes two methods: (1) propagation of primary homozygous diploid animals, and (2) defining animals homozygous at all loci.
Publication Year: 1991
Publication Date: 1991-01-01
Language: en
Type: article
Indexed In: ['crossref', 'pubmed']
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Cited By Count: 12
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