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'1.最早的翻译家十八世纪英国的威廉·琼斯爵士是梵文学家、诗人和近代比较语言学的鼻祖。他学习各种语言是将语言作为一种文化宝库来看待的。他的诗对拜伦、雪莱、坦尼孙等诗人颇有影响。他翻译过我国《诗经》,其中一篇是《卫风·淇奥》。他先是译成拉丁文,共有两种译本。一是散文本,另一种是韵文本。后来,琼斯又根据拉丁文译本作出两种英译本,仍然是散文本和韵文本。他每次翻译都作出两种译本,因为他认为只有这样才算对得起亚洲人的诗作。但是他的英文韵文本将原诗的九个句子扩充为六节民谣体的诗。十七世纪的英国诗人兼批评家德莱顿曾将翻译分为直译、意译和拟作三类。琼斯的韵文译本是介于意译和拟作之间的。十七,八世纪的英国名作家德莱顿、斯威夫特、蒲伯和约翰逊等都曾倡导拟作。实际上,琼斯的韵文译本是十八世纪的英国作家在中国古诗的影响之下为十八世纪的英国读者所写的诗,严格来讲,不是翻译。2.进一步的尝试琼斯以后的一些汉学家忙于别的工作,来不及颐到中国诗词,直到十九世纪中期詹姆士·莱格(后任牛津大学的中文教授)才又开始翻译《诗经》。他比较拘泥。他用维多利亚时代冗长累赘的词句来翻译《诗经》简朴的诗行。其所译《关睢》是一个例子。十九世纪末期赫伯特·翟理斯对《诗经》作了较好的翻译。他还译了李白、王维、李商隐等诗人的名篇,都能抓住读者,有其独特的风格,颇得评论界的赞赏。翟理斯的译作堪称再现了中国诗的忧郁、沉思和“言有尽而意无穷”的含蓄之美,从而表达了中国诗的神韵。他还著有中国文学史,其中提供了不少中国诗的译文。他善于将词义和韵律巧妙地结合起来。其后有海伦·沃德尔女士。她翻译了《诗经》中的《小雅·庭燎�': [1]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1041927591', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-09-15T18:43:31.306138', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}