Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1033903660', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6881-6_2', 'title': 'The Starting System', 'display_name': 'The Starting System', 'publication_year': 1970, 'publication_date': '1970-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1033903660', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6881-6_2', 'mag': '1033903660'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6881-6_2', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463937', 'display_name': 'Springer eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Nature', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature'], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'book-chapter', 'type_crossref': 'book-chapter', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5055668015', 'display_name': 'Arthur William Judge', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2802802980', 'display_name': 'Institution of Mechanical Engineers', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/043w3h917', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'nonprofit', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2802802980']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1340796974', 'display_name': 'Society of Automotive Engineers International', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01s4hex50', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'other', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1340796974']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210090995', 'display_name': 'Diplomatique', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00dy3ee97', 'country_code': 'FR', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1294671590', 'https://openalex.org/I177064439', 'https://openalex.org/I188626449', 'https://openalex.org/I195731000', 'https://openalex.org/I203339264', 'https://openalex.org/I4210090995', 'https://openalex.org/I4210105918', 'https://openalex.org/I51101395', 'https://openalex.org/I90183372', 'https://openalex.org/I95674353', 'https://openalex.org/I98702875']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I168046917', 'display_name': 'Whitworth University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04j9d0s43', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I168046917']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I92389990', 'display_name': 'Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05rykfp30', 'country_code': 'CA', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I92389990']}], 'countries': ['CA', 'FR', 'GB', 'US'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Arthur W. Judge', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Associate of the Royal College of Science, London', 'Chartered Engineer', 'Diplomate of the Imperial College of Science and Technology(Petrol Engine Research)', 'Member, Society of Automotive Engineers(U.S.A.), A.P.S.A.(U.S.A.),\n Farnham, Surrey, UK', 'Menber of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers', 'Whitworth Scholar'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Menber of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2802802980']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Member, Society of Automotive Engineers(U.S.A.), A.P.S.A.(U.S.A.),\n Farnham, Surrey, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1340796974']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Diplomate of the Imperial College of Science and Technology(Petrol Engine Research)', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210090995']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Chartered Engineer', 'institution_ids': []}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Whitworth Scholar', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I168046917']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Associate of the Royal College of Science, London', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I92389990']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 4, 'institutions_distinct_count': 5, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5055668015'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2802802980', 'https://openalex.org/I1340796974', 'https://openalex.org/I4210090995', 'https://openalex.org/I168046917', 'https://openalex.org/I92389990'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': None, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 0, 'citation_normalized_percentile': None, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 0, 'max': 60}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': '31', 'last_page': '66'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': None, 'topics': [], 'keywords': [], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C28719098', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946', 'display_name': 'Point (geometry)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5319215}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C555008776', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298', 'display_name': 'Battery (electricity)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.53158766}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C171146098', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192', 'display_name': 'Automotive engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5020814}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.49236095}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C176871988', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72313', 'display_name': 'Electric motor', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47399628}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C119599485', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035', 'display_name': 'Electrical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.45932126}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.43272415}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C133731056', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288', 'display_name': 'Control engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.35701567}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.09948811}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C163258240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342', 'display_name': 'Power (physics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.08618763}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.080178946}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2524010', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087', 'display_name': 'Geometry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62520636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944', 'display_name': 'Quantum mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6881-6_2', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463937', 'display_name': 'Springer eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Nature', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature'], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4387418068', 'https://openalex.org/W4360585442', 'https://openalex.org/W4281793540', 'https://openalex.org/W3156059056', 'https://openalex.org/W3091635603', 'https://openalex.org/W2991079490', 'https://openalex.org/W2528211585', 'https://openalex.org/W2393115545', 'https://openalex.org/W2376812595', 'https://openalex.org/W1968968467'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1033903660', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-08-15T02:16:35.527627', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}