First Report of Epicoccum sorghinum Causing Leaf Spot on Hemerocallis citrina in China

Name: First Report of Epicoccum sorghinum Causing Leaf Spot on Hemerocallis citrina in China
Uploaded: 2021-02-25

Y. M.; Jiaqi Zhou; Hu Zhou; Jie Zhong; Jiayu Zhu

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ID: W3132566947
Title: First Report of Epicoccum sorghinum Causing Leaf Spot on Hemerocallis citrina in China
Abstract: HomePlant DiseaseVol. 105, No. 8First Report of Epicoccum sorghinum Causing Leaf Spot on Hemerocallis citrina in China PreviousNext DISEASE NOTE OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Epicoccum sorghinum Causing Leaf Spot on Hemerocallis citrina in ChinaY. M. Ma, J. L. Zhou, Z. Hu, J. Zhong, and J. Z. ZhuY. M. MaHunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Furong District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410128, P.R. ChinaJinyun Plant Protective Station, Jinyun County, Lishui City, Zhejiang Province, 321400, P.R. ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, J. L. ZhouLishui Cash Crop Station, Lishui City, Zhejiang Province, 321400, P.R. ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Z. HuHunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Furong District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410128, P.R. ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, J. Zhong†Corresponding authors: J. Zhong; E-mail Address: [email protected] and J. Z. Zhu; E-mail Address: [email protected]://orcid.org/0000-0003-3614-5773Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Furong District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410128, P.R. ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, and J. Z. Zhu†Corresponding authors: J. Zhong; E-mail Address: [email protected] and J. Z. Zhu; E-mail Address: [email protected] Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Furong District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410128, P.R. ChinaSearch for more papers by this author AffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations Y. M. Ma1 2 J. L. Zhou3 Z. Hu1 J. Zhong1 † J. Z. Zhu1 † 1Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Furong District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410128, P.R. China 2Jinyun Plant Protective Station, Jinyun County, Lishui City, Zhejiang Province, 321400, P.R. China 3Lishui Cash Crop Station, Lishui City, Zhejiang Province, 321400, P.R. China Published Online:19 Sep 2021https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-10-20-2144-PDNAboutSectionsView articlePDFPDF PlusSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat View articleHemerocallis citrina Baroni, also called yellow flower vegetable (huang hua cai in Chinese), belongs to the family Xanthorrhoeaceae and is widely planted in China, the Korean Peninsula, and Japan for ornamental purposes and vegetable value. In addition, they could also be used as a traditional Chinese medicinal and modern medicinal plant (Du et al. 2014). In August 2019, a leaf spot disease was observed on H. citrina plants in Zhejiang Province of China, with approximately 85% incidence in almost 700 ha. Symptoms were first displayed as small, water-soaked, pale chlorotic spots, with yellow halos enlarged into large fusiform spots with brown edges and gray centers. Later, infected leaves were badly damaged and became wilted. Small pieces of infected tissue were excised from the margin of necrotic lesions, surface disinfected with 70% ethanol for 8 s followed by 0.1% HgCl2 for 1 min, rinsed with sterile distilled water three times, and incubated on potato dextrose agar (PDA, amended with 100 mg/liter of streptomycin sulfate) at 26°C in the dark. Fungal colonies with similar cultural morphology were consistently obtained from repeated isolations. When cultured on PDA, colonies were villose, regular, grayish-green, and turned gray-brown, with the reverse side becoming reddish-brown. Chlamydospores were gray, unicellular or multicellular, nearly spherical, and 11 to 27 × 10 to 23 µm. Pycnidia and conidia were produced on PDA when the fungal colonies were exposed to ultraviolet light for 12 h with a distance of 40 cm from the light source. Pycnidia were brown, mostly spheroid, and measured 90 to 138 × 120 to 210 µm. Conidia were hyaline, ellipsoidal, unicellular, aseptate, and 4.3 to 5.5 × 1.8 to 2.4 µm. These morphological characteristics agreed with the descriptions of Epicoccum sorghinum (Zhou et al. 2018). The DNA of a representative strain HHC6-2 was extracted using the CTAB method, and the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS), actin (ACT), and β-tubulin (TUB) genes were amplified and sequenced, using the primers ITS4/ITS5 (White et al. 1990), ACT512F/ACT783R (Carbone and Kohn 1999), and Bt-1/Bt-2 (Glass and Donaldson 1995), respectively. BLASTn searches of the resulting ITS, ACT, and TUB sequences (accession nos. MW073403, MW080522, and MW080521) revealed 98.58 to 100% identity to the E. sorghinum sequences (MT125854, MN956831, and MF987525). The pathogenicity test was carried out by inoculation of potted H. citrina plants using conidial suspensions. H. citrina seedlings were planted in pots with sterilized soil. Before inoculation, leaves were surface disinfected with 70% ethanol and sterile distilled water. Leaves were inoculated by placing small droplets of conidial suspensions (105 conidia/ml) on one side of the midvein, and three to five drops were used per leaf. Sterile water was used as a control. All the inoculated plants were placed in humid chambers at 25°C for 48 h and then maintained in a greenhouse at 25°C with a 16-h day/8-h night cycle. The pathogenicity assays were performed twice with three replications. Four days after inoculation, yellow to brown spots resembling those observed in the fields developed on the inoculated leaves. However, no symptoms were observed on the controls. E. sorghinum was reisolated and identified based on morphological and molecular techniques as described above. To our knowledge, this is the first report of E. sorghinum causing leaf spot on H. citrina. It seems to be a threat for H. citrina planting in China and should be considered in order to reduce losses caused by this disease. This study might provide the basis for diagnosis and control of the disease.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.References:Carbone, I., and Kohn, L. M. 1999. Mycologia 91:553. https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.1999.12061051 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarDu, B., et al. 2014. BMC Complement. Altern. Med. 14:326. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-14-326 Crossref, Google ScholarGlass, N. L., and Donaldson, G. C. 1995. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61:1323. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.61.4.1323-1330.1995 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarWhite, T. J., et al. 1990. Page 315 in: PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Google ScholarZhou, H., et al. 2018. Plant Dis. 102:1039. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-11-17-1757-PDN Link, Google ScholarY. M. Ma and J. L. Zhou contributed equally to this work.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.Funding: Funding was provided by the Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduates (CX2018B395), the Key Foundation of Hunan Educational Committee (20A257), and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2018M641562).DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 105, No. 8 August 2021SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 DownloadCaptionComparison of banana plants in silicon-deficient soil amended or nonamended with calcium silicate and infected by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (W. Zellner et al.). Photo credit: A. A. Fortunato and F. A. Rodrigues. Infected spicebush tree outer bark showing black vascular discoloration of the sapwood typical of laurel wilt (R. Olatinwo et al.). Photo credit: R. Olatinwo. Maize plants naturally infected by Bipolaris zeicola (S. S. Liu et al.). Photo credit: S. S. Liu. Metrics Downloaded 535 times Article History Issue Date: 1 Dec 2021Published: 19 Sep 2021First Look: 25 Feb 2021Accepted: 22 Feb 2021 Page: 2251 Information© 2021 The American Phytopathological SocietyFundingHunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for PostgraduatesGrant/Award Number: CX2018B395Key Foundation of Hunan Educational CommitteeGrant/Award Number: 20A257China Postdoctoral Science FoundationGrant/Award Number: 2018M641562Keywordsfungiornamentalsherbaceous/flowering plantspathogen detectionThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.PDF downloadCited ByFirst Report of Epicoccum sorghinum Causing Leaf Sheath and Leaf Spot on Maize in ChinaT.-M. Chen, Y. J. Xie, Q. Sun, X.-C. Shi, S.-Y. Wang, and P. Laborda7 November 2021 | Plant Disease, Vol. 105, No. 11
Publication Year: 2021
Publication Date: 2021-02-25
Language: en
Type: article
Indexed In: ['crossref', 'pubmed']

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'updated_date': '2024-09-24T23:44:31.507996', 'created_date': '2021-03-01'}

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