Title: Surfactant Phosphatidylcholine Metabolism in Severe Neonatal Lung Disease: Studied with Stable Isotopes
Abstract: markdownabstract__Abstract__
Avery and Mead showed in 1959 that pulmonary surfactant deficiency is a major factor in
the pathophysiology of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). In 1980 Fujiwara et al.
administered exogenous surfactant for the first time successfully to preterm infants with
RDS (2). This was followed by numerous clinical trials that demonstrated a decrease in
death rates and complications. There are now accumulating data which suggest that
a disturbed surfactant metabolism plays a role in several other neonatal lung diseases,
such as congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS), surfactant
protein-B (SP-B) deficiency, and neonatal pneumonia and/or sepsis. Also in adult
respiratory distress syndrome, asthma, infectious lung diseases, and interstitial lung diseases. Insufficient surfactant function could be due to a disturbance in surfactant kinetics
or secondary to an inactivation of surfactant by several components. Surfactant
therapy possibly plays a therapeutical role in the management of these clinical conditions.
This review will focus on the surfactant metabolism in term neonatal lung diseases. We
will discuss the role of surfactant in CDH, MAS, SP-B deficiency, and neonatal pneumonia
and/or sepsis. First, we will briefly review the functions and composition of surfactant
and the normal cellular metabolism of surfactant.
Publication Year: 2003
Publication Date: 2003-06-26
Language: en
Type: article
Access and Citation
Cited By Count: 4
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