Title: Evaluation of separate diagnostic correlations for cracking and combustion losses during oil shale retorting
Abstract: The possibility of developing separate diagnostic correlations for cracking and combustion was evaluated using shale oils produced in a laboratory reference retort. The shale oils were produced under rotating conditions in which coking and cracking losses were minimized so that changes in possible combustion indicators could be observed. The changes in the concentration of phenol and methyl-substituted phenols relative to the concentration of selected hydrocarbons were compared with the concentration of oxygen available for combustion of the produced oil. The change in the concentration of phenol relative to the sum of n-undecane and n-dodecane (phenol/n-undecane + n-dodecane ratio) correlated well with the oxygen concentration for experiments performed at a retort heating rate of 1.9/sup 0/C/min (3.4/sup 0/F/min). A correlation of the phenol/n-undecane + n-dodecane ratio with the available oxygen was not observed for oils produced at a retort heating rate of 25.7/sup 0/C/min (46.3/sup 0/F/min). This result may have been caused by slightly more cracking of the normal alkanes at the faster heating rate. The possible use of phenol as an indicator of combustion still exists even with the discrepancy in the correlation of the phenol/n-undecane + n-dodecane ratio with oxygen concentration at the faster retort heating rate. 5 refs.,more » 1 fig., 3 tabs.« less
Publication Year: 1985
Publication Date: 1985-09-01
Language: en
Type: article
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