Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2115007282', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/6.3.277', 'title': 'Online tools to support literature-based discovery in the life sciences', 'display_name': 'Online tools to support literature-based discovery in the life sciences', 'publication_year': 2005, 'publication_date': '2005-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2115007282', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/6.3.277', 'mag': '2115007282', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16212775'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/6.3.277', 'pdf_url': 'https://academic.oup.com/bib/article-pdf/6/3/277/876128/277.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S91767247', 'display_name': 'Briefings in Bioinformatics', 'issn_l': '1467-5463', 'issn': ['1467-5463', '1477-4054'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648', 'host_organization_name': 'Oxford University Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311647', 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Oxford', 'Oxford University Press'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'https://academic.oup.com/bib/article-pdf/6/3/277/876128/277.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5061783958', 'display_name': 'Marc Weeber', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I913958620', 'display_name': 'Erasmus University Rotterdam', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/057w15z03', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I913958620']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2801952686', 'display_name': 'Erasmus MC', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/018906e22', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2801952686']}], 'countries': ['NL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'M. Weeber', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ["Biosemantics group () at Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. The group's main interest is to develop and apply novel computational biology technology to support discovery in the life sciences."], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': "Biosemantics group () at Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. The group's main interest is to develop and apply novel computational biology technology to support discovery in the life sciences.", 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I913958620', 'https://openalex.org/I2801952686']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5005077862', 'display_name': 'Jan A. Kors', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4929-026X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I913958620', 'display_name': 'Erasmus University Rotterdam', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/057w15z03', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I913958620']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2801952686', 'display_name': 'Erasmus MC', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/018906e22', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2801952686']}], 'countries': ['NL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'J. A. Kors', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ["Biosemantics group () at Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. The group's main interest is to develop and apply novel computational biology technology to support discovery in the life sciences."], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': "Biosemantics group () at Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. The group's main interest is to develop and apply novel computational biology technology to support discovery in the life sciences.", 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I913958620', 'https://openalex.org/I2801952686']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5070745825', 'display_name': 'Barend Mons', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3934-0072'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I913958620', 'display_name': 'Erasmus University Rotterdam', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/057w15z03', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I913958620']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2801952686', 'display_name': 'Erasmus MC', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/018906e22', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2801952686']}], 'countries': ['NL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'B. Mons', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ["Biosemantics group () at Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. The group's main interest is to develop and apply novel computational biology technology to support discovery in the life sciences."], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': "Biosemantics group () at Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. The group's main interest is to develop and apply novel computational biology technology to support discovery in the life sciences.", 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I913958620', 'https://openalex.org/I2801952686']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 4011, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 4011, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.563, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 106, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.608471, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 96, 'max': 97}, 'biblio': {'volume': '6', 'issue': '3', 'first_page': '277', 'last_page': '286'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11710', 'display_name': 'Biomedical Ontologies and Text Mining', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11710', 'display_name': 'Biomedical Ontologies and Text Mining', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10887', 'display_name': 'Analysis of Gene Interaction Networks', 'score': 0.9814, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13937', 'display_name': 'Challenges and Innovations in Bioinformatics Education', 'score': 0.9777, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/scientific-discovery', 'display_name': 'Scientific discovery', 'score': 0.6195686}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-literature', 'display_name': 'Biomedical Literature', 'score': 0.559237}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/scientific-literature', 'display_name': 'Scientific literature', 'score': 0.47473654}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.77328336}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2522767166', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463', 'display_name': 'Data science', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.74079347}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2984917352', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12772819', 'display_name': 'Scientific discovery', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6195686}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C177264268', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741', 'display_name': 'Set (abstract data type)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5531555}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781083858', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17327049', 'display_name': 'Scientific literature', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47473654}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C23123220', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826', 'display_name': 'Information retrieval', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4158303}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418', 'display_name': 'Psychology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C151730666', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205', 'display_name': 'Paleontology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199360897', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143', 'display_name': 'Programming language', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C188147891', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638', 'display_name': 'Cognitive science', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D001690', 'descriptor_name': 'Biological Science Disciplines', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016206', 'descriptor_name': 'Databases, Bibliographic', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004282', 'descriptor_name': 'Documentation', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016247', 'descriptor_name': 'Information Storage and Retrieval', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020407', 'descriptor_name': 'Internet', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009323', 'descriptor_name': 'Natural Language Processing', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010506', 'descriptor_name': 'Periodicals as Topic', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000043', 'descriptor_name': 'Abstracting and Indexing', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000043', 'descriptor_name': 'Abstracting and Indexing', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001185', 'descriptor_name': 'Artificial Intelligence', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001690', 'descriptor_name': 'Biological Science Disciplines', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003628', 'descriptor_name': 'Database Management Systems', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004282', 'descriptor_name': 'Documentation', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016247', 'descriptor_name': 'Information Storage and Retrieval', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009862', 'descriptor_name': 'Online Systems', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010363', 'descriptor_name': 'Pattern Recognition, Automated', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010363', 'descriptor_name': 'Pattern Recognition, Automated', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009626', 'descriptor_name': 'Terminology as Topic', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/6.3.277', 'pdf_url': 'https://academic.oup.com/bib/article-pdf/6/3/277/876128/277.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S91767247', 'display_name': 'Briefings in Bioinformatics', 'issn_l': '1467-5463', 'issn': ['1467-5463', '1477-4054'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648', 'host_organization_name': 'Oxford University Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311647', 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Oxford', 'Oxford University Press'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16212775', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/6.3.277', 'pdf_url': 'https://academic.oup.com/bib/article-pdf/6/3/277/876128/277.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S91767247', 'display_name': 'Briefings in Bioinformatics', 'issn_l': '1467-5463', 'issn': ['1467-5463', '1477-4054'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648', 'host_organization_name': 'Oxford University Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311647', 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Oxford', 'Oxford University Press'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.47, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12', 'display_name': 'Responsible consumption and production'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 57, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1518780701', 'https://openalex.org/W1519541746', 'https://openalex.org/W1550258693', 'https://openalex.org/W1553011358', 'https://openalex.org/W1580481679', 'https://openalex.org/W1623698862', 'https://openalex.org/W1670599640', 'https://openalex.org/W1741748490', 'https://openalex.org/W1938023575', 'https://openalex.org/W1959755538', 'https://openalex.org/W1976909068', 'https://openalex.org/W1984518788', 'https://openalex.org/W2011726136', 'https://openalex.org/W2024030746', 'https://openalex.org/W2027398710', 'https://openalex.org/W2030684440', 'https://openalex.org/W2038316408', 'https://openalex.org/W2041707801', 'https://openalex.org/W2044514479', 'https://openalex.org/W2052463566', 'https://openalex.org/W2053673723', 'https://openalex.org/W2057839707', 'https://openalex.org/W2061572799', 'https://openalex.org/W2069366497', 'https://openalex.org/W2070448217', 'https://openalex.org/W2093367122', 'https://openalex.org/W2099668895', 'https://openalex.org/W2100592161', 'https://openalex.org/W2105469118', 'https://openalex.org/W2105562985', 'https://openalex.org/W2109541372', 'https://openalex.org/W2114781353', 'https://openalex.org/W2118002992', 'https://openalex.org/W2123566741', 'https://openalex.org/W2126276057', 'https://openalex.org/W2126469373', 'https://openalex.org/W2127112494', 'https://openalex.org/W2130190939', 'https://openalex.org/W2136636278', 'https://openalex.org/W2140190241', 'https://openalex.org/W2141373559', 'https://openalex.org/W2144344453', 'https://openalex.org/W2145074288', 'https://openalex.org/W2148965025', 'https://openalex.org/W2149184178', 'https://openalex.org/W2151598682', 'https://openalex.org/W2157870551', 'https://openalex.org/W2159203162', 'https://openalex.org/W2159746652', 'https://openalex.org/W2162311237', 'https://openalex.org/W2167289895', 'https://openalex.org/W2257876130', 'https://openalex.org/W2604748391', 'https://openalex.org/W4239389735', 'https://openalex.org/W4240689716', 'https://openalex.org/W4246405166', 'https://openalex.org/W4253608092'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4206663545', 'https://openalex.org/W3186596980', 'https://openalex.org/W2413102523', 'https://openalex.org/W2361206279', 'https://openalex.org/W2349928826', 'https://openalex.org/W2148010638', 'https://openalex.org/W2126681669', 'https://openalex.org/W1978317178', 'https://openalex.org/W1866875686', 'https://openalex.org/W1481711077'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'In': [0], 'biomedical': [1, 37], 'research,': [2], 'the': [3, 36, 41, 51, 125], 'amount': [4], 'of': [5, 43, 55, 63, 98, 110], 'experimental': [6], 'data': [7], 'and': [8, 14, 29, 53, 85, 90, 114, 118], 'published': [9], 'scientific': [10, 23, 126], 'information': [11, 30], 'is': [12], 'overwhelming': [13], 'ever': [15], 'increasing,': [16], 'which': [17, 99], 'may': [18], 'inhibit': [19], 'rather': [20], 'than': [21], 'stimulate': [22], 'progress.': [24], 'Not': [25], 'only': [26], 'are': [27, 67, 122], 'text-mining': [28], 'extraction': [31], 'tools': [32, 45, 78, 120], 'needed': [33], 'to': [34, 124], 'render': [35], 'literature': [38], 'accessible': [39], 'but': [40], 'results': [42, 117], 'these': [44], 'can': [46], 'also': [47], 'assist': [48], 'researchers': [49], 'in': [50], 'formulation': [52], 'evaluation': [54], 'novel': [56], 'hypotheses.': [57], 'This': [58, 105], 'requires': [59], 'an': [60, 108], 'additional': [61], 'set': [62], 'technological': [64], 'approaches': [65], 'that': [66, 121], 'defined': [68], 'here': [69], 'as': [70], 'literature-based': [71], 'discovery': [72], '(LBD)': [73], 'tools.': [74], 'Recently,': [75], 'several': [76], 'LBD': [77, 112], 'have': [79, 94, 100], 'been': [80, 95, 102], 'developed': [81], 'for': [82], 'this': [83], 'purpose': [84], 'a': [86], 'few': [87], 'well-motivated,': [88], 'specific': [89], 'directly': [91], 'testable': [92], 'hypotheses': [93], 'published,': [96], 'some': [97], 'even': [101], 'validated': [103], 'experimentally.': [104], 'paper': [106], 'presents': [107], 'overview': [109], 'recent': [111], 'research': [113], 'discusses': [115], 'methodology,': [116], 'online': [119], 'available': [123], 'community.': [127]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2115007282', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 8}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-26T23:44:09.418904', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}