Publication Information

{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2109430304', 'doi': None, 'title': "Changing Temperature and Precipitation Extremes in Europe's Climate of the 20th Century", 'display_name': "Changing Temperature and Precipitation Extremes in Europe's Climate of the 20th Century", 'publication_year': 2004, 'publication_date': '2004-10-04', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2109430304', 'mag': '2109430304'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/1874/1256/8/full.pdf', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': None, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'dissertation', 'type_crossref': 'dissertation', 'indexed_in': [], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5037217282', 'display_name': 'Klein Tank', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Klein Tank', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5031135790', 'display_name': 'Albertus Maria Gerardus', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Albertus Maria Gerardus', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 0, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': None, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 21, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.985646, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 86, 'max': 87}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10029', 'display_name': 'Climate Change and Variability Research', 'score': 0.9981, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2306', 'display_name': 'Global and Planetary Change'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10029', 'display_name': 'Climate Change and Variability Research', 'score': 0.9981, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2306', 'display_name': 'Global and Planetary Change'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11333', 'display_name': 'Arctic Permafrost Dynamics and Climate Change', 'score': 0.9943, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1902', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T14329', 'display_name': 'Climate Change and Environmental Science', 'score': 0.9912, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2306', 'display_name': 'Global and Planetary Change'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-air-temperature', 'display_name': 'Surface air temperature', 'score': 0.5969066}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/precipitation-extremes', 'display_name': 'Precipitation Extremes', 'score': 0.515615}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C107054158', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257', 'display_name': 'Precipitation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7747953}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C49204034', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139', 'display_name': 'Climatology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.694198}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C132651083', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942', 'display_name': 'Climate change', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6144595}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2994323764', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909741', 'display_name': 'Surface air temperature', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5969066}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C39432304', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847', 'display_name': 'Environmental science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5775775}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776608160', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462', 'display_name': 'Natural (archaeology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5489687}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C47737302', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336', 'display_name': 'Greenhouse gas', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4274196}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2983363897', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845339', 'display_name': 'Air temperature', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.42382687}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C91586092', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric sciences', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.32014698}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C205649164', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071', 'display_name': 'Geography', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.31734592}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C153294291', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261', 'display_name': 'Meteorology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.28445542}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127313418', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069', 'display_name': 'Geology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.13941234}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111368507', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518', 'display_name': 'Oceanography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C166957645', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498', 'display_name': 'Archaeology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/1874/1256/8/full.pdf', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': None, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13', 'score': 0.47, 'display_name': 'Climate action'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 100, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W109349779', 'https://openalex.org/W1481794564', 'https://openalex.org/W1482183463', 'https://openalex.org/W1486116257', 'https://openalex.org/W1518504097', 'https://openalex.org/W1522296012', 'https://openalex.org/W1541528159', 'https://openalex.org/W1574074039', 'https://openalex.org/W1579444528', 'https://openalex.org/W1587057093', 'https://openalex.org/W1589119293', 'https://openalex.org/W1600048481', 'https://openalex.org/W1600917725', 'https://openalex.org/W1695178571', 'https://openalex.org/W18131969', 'https://openalex.org/W1917188878', 'https://openalex.org/W1967909628', 'https://openalex.org/W1971284463', 'https://openalex.org/W1972427427', 'https://openalex.org/W1972946703', 'https://openalex.org/W1972964746', 'https://openalex.org/W1974807597', 'https://openalex.org/W1977137533', 'https://openalex.org/W1978815659', 'https://openalex.org/W1982082363', 'https://openalex.org/W1985692802', 'https://openalex.org/W1986990752', 'https://openalex.org/W1987491675', 'https://openalex.org/W1995124162', 'https://openalex.org/W1998525562', 'https://openalex.org/W2004053954', 'https://openalex.org/W2005509787', 'https://openalex.org/W2005770434', 'https://openalex.org/W2007217700', 'https://openalex.org/W2007257396', 'https://openalex.org/W2008668438', 'https://openalex.org/W2008875043', 'https://openalex.org/W2011142954', 'https://openalex.org/W2013160730', 'https://openalex.org/W2013956760', 'https://openalex.org/W2015679086', 'https://openalex.org/W2016684083', 'https://openalex.org/W2023189905', 'https://openalex.org/W2024541578', 'https://openalex.org/W2030833950', 'https://openalex.org/W2033619052', 'https://openalex.org/W2042859974', 'https://openalex.org/W2047015815', 'https://openalex.org/W2048344816', 'https://openalex.org/W2051153065', 'https://openalex.org/W2054179059', 'https://openalex.org/W2060433308', 'https://openalex.org/W2063025390', 'https://openalex.org/W2063243419', 'https://openalex.org/W206354041', 'https://openalex.org/W2064753010', 'https://openalex.org/W2068701783', 'https://openalex.org/W2070257026', 'https://openalex.org/W2073077593', 'https://openalex.org/W2083356111', 'https://openalex.org/W2084428435', 'https://openalex.org/W2085187101', 'https://openalex.org/W2087625531', 'https://openalex.org/W2089679559', 'https://openalex.org/W2090968725', 'https://openalex.org/W2094335200', 'https://openalex.org/W2094748450', 'https://openalex.org/W2095833674', 'https://openalex.org/W2096809505', 'https://openalex.org/W2096830549', 'https://openalex.org/W2105003496', 'https://openalex.org/W2105044903', 'https://openalex.org/W2107732005', 'https://openalex.org/W2110420020', 'https://openalex.org/W2113623444', 'https://openalex.org/W2114206317', 'https://openalex.org/W2114701864', 'https://openalex.org/W2115410315', 'https://openalex.org/W2133488074', 'https://openalex.org/W2133507371', 'https://openalex.org/W2134241608', 'https://openalex.org/W2136821695', 'https://openalex.org/W2147570954', 'https://openalex.org/W2150282727', 'https://openalex.org/W2172746158', 'https://openalex.org/W2173251738', 'https://openalex.org/W2173526402', 'https://openalex.org/W2173896509', 'https://openalex.org/W2175431109', 'https://openalex.org/W2175805510', 'https://openalex.org/W2177813429', 'https://openalex.org/W2181171486', 'https://openalex.org/W2290606321', 'https://openalex.org/W2312661307', 'https://openalex.org/W2611591252', 'https://openalex.org/W2944679396', 'https://openalex.org/W2970858103', 'https://openalex.org/W3139445183', 'https://openalex.org/W3162929933', 'https://openalex.org/W3163695350'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3125643369', 'https://openalex.org/W3036200641', 'https://openalex.org/W3015969683', 'https://openalex.org/W2991184635', 'https://openalex.org/W2939474406', 'https://openalex.org/W2809016854', 'https://openalex.org/W2605140704', 'https://openalex.org/W2556709459', 'https://openalex.org/W2171238132', 'https://openalex.org/W2149507322', 'https://openalex.org/W2114206781', 'https://openalex.org/W2071681633', 'https://openalex.org/W2047988816', 'https://openalex.org/W2035603310', 'https://openalex.org/W2025552181', 'https://openalex.org/W2024649846', 'https://openalex.org/W1989856867', 'https://openalex.org/W1983084880', 'https://openalex.org/W1972285425', 'https://openalex.org/W1792105649'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'This': [0], 'thesis': [1, 282], 'aims': [2], 'at': [3, 20, 351], 'increasing': [4], 'the': [5, 13, 32, 46, 62, 71, 85, 96, 116, 120, 134, 137, 189, 212, 236, 243, 246, 253, 256, 285, 288, 291, 316, 329, 343, 378, 387, 410], 'knowledge': [6, 336], 'on': [7, 295, 337], 'past': [8, 292, 338], 'changes': [9, 98, 118, 176, 202, 297, 339], 'in': [10, 42, 99, 102, 177, 242, 252, 298, 319, 340, 381], 'extremes': [11, 33, 87, 101, 241, 341, 382, 425], 'through': [12], 'analysis': [14], 'of': [15, 18, 34, 45, 64, 88, 110, 122, 133, 136, 147, 185, 195, 239, 258, 272, 280, 287, 290, 315, 325, 328, 377, 416], 'historical': [16], 'records': [17], 'observations': [19, 286], 'meteorological': [21], 'stations.': [22], 'The': [23, 179, 198, 277, 374], 'key': [24], 'question': [25], 'addressed': [26], 'is:': [27], '\r\nHow': [30], 'did': [31], 'daily': [35, 86, 345], 'surface': [36, 89], 'air': [37, 90], 'temperature': [38, 91, 100, 123, 165, 180, 240, 317], 'and': [39, 49, 92, 144, 154, 166, 168, 174, 188, 255, 261, 293, 361], 'precipitation': [40, 167, 190], 'change': [41, 372, 395], "Europe's": [43], 'climate': [44, 112, 187, 213, 268, 289, 318, 371, 394, 407], '20th': [47], 'century,': [48], 'what': [50], 'can': [51, 204, 219], 'we': [52], 'learn': [53], 'from': [54], 'this?': [55], '\r\nThe': [57], 'contents': [58], 'is': [59, 131], 'structured': [60], 'along': [61], 'lines': [63], 'four': [65], 'follow-up': [66], 'questions:': [67], 'Are': [70], 'available': [72, 143], 'observational': [73, 149], 'datasets': [74], 'adequate': [75], 'to': [76, 156, 170, 207, 348, 366], 'analyse': [77], 'extremes?': [78], 'Which': [80], 'trends': [81, 181, 191, 200, 380, 389], 'are': [82, 383, 390, 403], 'observed': [83, 97, 117, 379], 'for': [84, 125, 164, 309, 370], 'precipitation?': [93], 'Can': [95], 'recent': [103], 'decades': [104], 'be': [105, 205, 221, 349], 'regarded': [106], 'as': [107, 264, 322, 355, 357], 'a': [108, 141, 160, 183, 267, 302, 310, 323, 326, 352], 'fingerprint': [109], 'anthropogenic': [111, 230, 273], 'change?': [113], 'Do': [115], 'guide': [119], 'development': [121], 'scenarios': [124], 'our': [126, 186, 335], 'future': [127, 259, 296], 'climate?': [128], '\r\nEurope': [130], 'one': [132, 415], 'regions': [135], 'world': [138], 'that': [139, 203, 402], 'lacked': [140], 'readily': [142], 'accessible': [145], 'dataset': [146, 161, 346], 'high-resolution': [148], 'series': [150], 'with': [151, 249, 306, 363], 'sufficient': [152], 'density': [153], 'quality': [155, 359], 'study': [157], 'extremes.': [158, 178, 197, 299], 'Such': [159], 'was': [162], 'developed': [163], 'used': [169], 'detect': [171], 'statistically': [172, 391], 'significant': [173], 'non-trivial': [175], 'indicate': [182, 192], 'coarsening': [184], 'an': [193], 'increase': [194], 'wet': [196], 'calculated': [199], 'represent': [201], 'due': [206], 'natural': [208, 222, 250, 262], 'internal': [209], 'processes': [210], 'within': [211], 'system': [214], 'and/or': [215], 'external': [216], 'forcing,': [217], 'which': [218], 'either': [220], '(solar': [223], 'irradiance,': [224], 'volcanic': [225], 'aerosols,': [226], 'ozone,': [227], 'etc.)': [228], 'or': [229], '(greenhouse': [231], 'gases,': [232], 'etc.).': [233], 'Comparisons': [234], 'between': [235], 'trend': [237], 'patterns': [238, 247, 257], 'station': [244], 'records,': [245], 'associated': [248], 'variability': [251, 263], 'observations,': [254], 'warming': [260, 274], 'simulated': [265], 'by': [266, 406], 'model': [269], 'reveal': [270], 'fingerprints': [271, 401], 'over': [275], 'Europe.': [276], 'last': [278], 'part': [279], 'this': [281], 'goes': [283], 'beyond': [284], 'speculates': [294], 'It': [300], 'presents': [301], "'what-": [303], 'if': [304], 'scenario': [305, 413], 'seasonal': [307], 'details': [308], 'Gulf': [311, 411], 'Stream': [312, 412], 'induced': [313], 'cooling': [314], 'Western': [320], 'Europe': [321], 'result': [324], 'shutdown': [327], 'thermohaline': [330], 'ocean': [331], 'circulation.': [332], '\r\nAlthough': [334], 'improved,': [342], 'new': [344], 'needs': [347], 'updated': [350], 'regular': [353], 'basis,': [354], 'well': [356, 404], 'further': [358], 'controlled': [360], 'elaborated': [362], 'metadata': [364], 'information': [365], 'keep': [367], 'its': [368], 'value': [369], 'research.': [373], 'physical': [375], 'causes': [376], 'unresolved': [384], 'even': [385], 'though': [386], 'detected': [388], 'significant.': [392], 'Formal': [393], 'detection': [396], '/': [397], 'attribution': [398], 'studies': [399], 'require': [400], 'represented': [405], 'models.': [408], 'Finally,': [409], 'describes': [414], 'many': [417], 'possible': [418], 'futures.': [419], 'We': [420], 'still': [421], "don't": [422], 'know': [423], 'how': [424], 'will': [426], 'change.': [427]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2109430304', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-18T20:50:24.456199', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}