Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2091115120', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-013-4948-8', 'title': 'Structural study of polymer hydrogel contact lenses by means of positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy and UV–vis–NIR methods', 'display_name': 'Structural study of polymer hydrogel contact lenses by means of positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy and UV–vis–NIR methods', 'publication_year': 2013, 'publication_date': '2013-05-21', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2091115120', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-013-4948-8', 'mag': '2091115120', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23695358', 'pmcid': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3713257'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-013-4948-8', 'pdf_url': 'https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10856-013-4948-8.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S166781098', 'display_name': 'Journal of Materials Science Materials in Medicine', 'issn_l': '0957-4530', 'issn': ['0957-4530', '1573-4838'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'hybrid', 'oa_url': 'https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10856-013-4948-8.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5064068905', 'display_name': 'J. Filipecki', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6832-654X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I126406834', 'display_name': 'Jan Długosz University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0566yhn94', 'country_code': 'PL', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I126406834']}], 'countries': ['PL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'J. Filipecki', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute of Physics, Jan Dlugosz University, Al. Armii Krajowej 13/15, 42-200, Czestochowa, Poland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute of Physics, Jan Dlugosz University, Al. Armii Krajowej 13/15, 42-200, Czestochowa, Poland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I126406834']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5069402076', 'display_name': 'Agnieszka Kocela', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I126406834', 'display_name': 'Jan Długosz University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0566yhn94', 'country_code': 'PL', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I126406834']}], 'countries': ['PL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'A. Kocela', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute of Physics, Jan Dlugosz University, Al. Armii Krajowej 13/15, 42-200, Czestochowa, Poland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute of Physics, Jan Dlugosz University, Al. Armii Krajowej 13/15, 42-200, Czestochowa, Poland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I126406834']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5074234600', 'display_name': 'Piotr Korzekwa', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I126406834', 'display_name': 'Jan Długosz University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0566yhn94', 'country_code': 'PL', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I126406834']}], 'countries': ['PL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'P. Korzekwa', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute of Physics, Jan Dlugosz University, Al. Armii Krajowej 13/15, 42-200, Czestochowa, Poland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute of Physics, Jan Dlugosz University, Al. Armii Krajowej 13/15, 42-200, Czestochowa, Poland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I126406834']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5052824693', 'display_name': 'R. Miedziński', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7526-089X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I126406834', 'display_name': 'Jan Długosz University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0566yhn94', 'country_code': 'PL', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I126406834']}], 'countries': ['PL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'R. Miedzinski', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute of Physics, Jan Dlugosz University, Al. Armii Krajowej 13/15, 42-200, Czestochowa, Poland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute of Physics, Jan Dlugosz University, Al. Armii Krajowej 13/15, 42-200, Czestochowa, Poland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I126406834']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5040816103', 'display_name': 'Katarzyna Filipecka', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8791-706X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I130294970', 'display_name': 'Częstochowa University of Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/046awyn59', 'country_code': 'PL', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I130294970']}], 'countries': ['PL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'K. Filipecka', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute of Physics, Czestochowa University of Technology, Al. Armii Krajowej 19, 42-200, Czestochowa, Poland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute of Physics, Czestochowa University of Technology, Al. Armii Krajowej 19, 42-200, Czestochowa, Poland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I130294970']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5090246325', 'display_name': 'Edmund Golis', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6107-5159'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I126406834', 'display_name': 'Jan Długosz University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0566yhn94', 'country_code': 'PL', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I126406834']}], 'countries': ['PL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'E. Golis', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute of Physics, Jan Dlugosz University, Al. Armii Krajowej 13/15, 42-200, Czestochowa, Poland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute of Physics, Jan Dlugosz University, Al. Armii Krajowej 13/15, 42-200, Czestochowa, Poland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I126406834']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5088876599', 'display_name': 'Witold Korzekwa', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['PL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'W. Korzekwa', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Komed Clinic, Sobieskiego 54, 42-200, Czestochowa, Poland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Komed Clinic, Sobieskiego 54, 42-200, Czestochowa, Poland', 'institution_ids': []}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 1820, 'currency': 'EUR', 'value_usd': 2195, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 1820, 'currency': 'EUR', 'value_usd': 2195, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': 2.816, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 13, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.844329, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 87, 'max': 88}, 'biblio': {'volume': '24', 'issue': '8', 'first_page': '1837', 'last_page': '1842'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12579', 'display_name': 'Defect Identification using Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2211', 'display_name': 'Mechanics of Materials'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12579', 'display_name': 'Defect Identification using Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2211', 'display_name': 'Mechanics of Materials'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10523', 'display_name': 'Interactions of Low-Energy Electrons with Matter and Atoms', 'score': 0.9866, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3107', 'display_name': 'Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10083', 'display_name': 'Graphene: Properties, Synthesis, and Applications', 'score': 0.9549, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2505', 'display_name': 'Materials Chemistry'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/25', 'display_name': 'Materials Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/annihilation', 'display_name': 'Annihilation', 'score': 0.56335616}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/positron-annihilation-spectroscopy', 'display_name': 'Positron annihilation spectroscopy', 'score': 0.5580417}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/positron-molecule-interactions', 'display_name': 'Positron-Molecule Interactions', 'score': 0.474581}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/positron-lifetime-spectroscopy', 'display_name': 'Positron Lifetime Spectroscopy', 'score': 0.44192043}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2985595821', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1206668', 'display_name': 'Positron annihilation', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.7174243}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C32891209', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483666', 'display_name': 'Spectroscopy', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6357131}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C192562407', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736', 'display_name': 'Materials science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.57617474}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C521977710', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81163', 'display_name': 'Polymer', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.57467914}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C201941533', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188721', 'display_name': 'Annihilation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.56335616}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778711141', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966593', 'display_name': 'Positron annihilation spectroscopy', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.5580417}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C150883371', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966593', 'display_name': 'Positron Lifetime Spectroscopy', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.44192043}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C202100949', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3229', 'display_name': 'Positron', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4015691}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C120665830', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620', 'display_name': 'Optics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.35843465}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185544564', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197', 'display_name': 'Nuclear physics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.25451368}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.24727565}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159985019', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790', 'display_name': 'Composite material', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.1313053}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C147120987', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2225', 'display_name': 'Electron', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0782105}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C1276947', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333', 'display_name': 'Astronomy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.052065015}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D003261', 'descriptor_name': 'Contact Lenses', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020136', 'descriptor_name': 'Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000737', 'qualifier_name': 'chemistry', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011108', 'descriptor_name': 'Polymers', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000737', 'qualifier_name': 'chemistry', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004583', 'descriptor_name': 'Electrons', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004866', 'descriptor_name': 'Equipment Contamination', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020136', 'descriptor_name': 'Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008422', 'descriptor_name': 'Materials Testing', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011108', 'descriptor_name': 'Polymers', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013056', 'descriptor_name': 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013056', 'descriptor_name': 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019265', 'descriptor_name': 'Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019265', 'descriptor_name': 'Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 3, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-013-4948-8', 'pdf_url': 'https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10856-013-4948-8.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S166781098', 'display_name': 'Journal of Materials Science Materials in Medicine', 'issn_l': '0957-4530', 'issn': ['0957-4530', '1573-4838'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3713257', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764455111', 'display_name': 'PubMed Central', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23695358', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-013-4948-8', 'pdf_url': 'https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10856-013-4948-8.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S166781098', 'display_name': 'Journal of Materials Science Materials in Medicine', 'issn_l': '0957-4530', 'issn': ['0957-4530', '1573-4838'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 13, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1974608911', 'https://openalex.org/W1979615759', 'https://openalex.org/W1986512300', 'https://openalex.org/W1997583061', 'https://openalex.org/W2018676835', 'https://openalex.org/W2028009922', 'https://openalex.org/W2028190693', 'https://openalex.org/W2049386503', 'https://openalex.org/W2065224526', 'https://openalex.org/W2067528306', 'https://openalex.org/W2082872125', 'https://openalex.org/W2086950634', 'https://openalex.org/W48362084'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3150025190', 'https://openalex.org/W2159952246', 'https://openalex.org/W2122835160', 'https://openalex.org/W2106877798', 'https://openalex.org/W2083343027', 'https://openalex.org/W2074573110', 'https://openalex.org/W2070638271', 'https://openalex.org/W2060782949', 'https://openalex.org/W1534367923', 'https://openalex.org/W116254512'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'A': [0], 'study': [1, 39], 'has': [2], 'been': [3], 'conducted': [4, 54, 74, 120], 'in': [5, 14, 25, 69, 125], 'order': [6], 'to': [7, 90], 'determine': [8], 'presence': [9], 'of': [10, 17, 19, 30, 33, 35, 44, 52, 62, 64, 67, 78, 94, 108], 'free': [11, 99], 'volume': [12, 100], 'gaps': [13, 101], 'the': [15, 31, 53, 65, 70, 91, 109, 112, 115, 122, 126], 'structure': [16, 18], 'polymer': [20], 'hydrogel': [21], 'contact': [22], 'lenses': [23], 'made': [24, 41], 'phosphoryl': [26], 'choline': [27], 'technology': [28], 'and': [29, 83, 102], 'degree': [32], 'defect': [34], 'its': [36], 'structure.': [37], 'The': [38, 73, 85], 'was': [40, 119], 'by': [42, 98], 'means': [43], 'positron': [45], 'annihilation': [46, 68, 93], 'lifetime': [47], 'spectroscopy.': [48], 'As': [49], 'a': [50], 'result': [51], 'measurements,': [55], 'curves': [56], 'were': [57], 'obtained,': [58], 'which': [59], 'described': [60], 'numbers': [61], 'counts': [63], 'acts': [66], 'time': [71], 'function.': [72], 'studies': [75], 'revealed': [76], 'existence': [77], 'three': [79], 'components': [80], 'τ(1),': [81], 'τ(2)': [82], 'τ(3).': [84], 'τ(3)': [86], 'component': [87], 'is': [88], 'attributed': [89], 'pick-off': [92], 'o-Ps': [95], 'orthopositronium': [96], 'trapping': [97], 'provides': [103], 'information': [104], 'about': [105], 'geometrical': [106], 'parameters': [107], 'volumes.': [110], 'At': [111], 'same': [113, 123], 'time,': [114], 'UV-vis-NIR': [116], 'spectrometry': [117], 'examination': [118], 'on': [121], 'samples': [124], 'spectral': [127], 'range': [128], '200-1,000': [129], 'nm.': [130]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2091115120', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 3}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-25T14:30:53.809887', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}