Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1790325530', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1020870111808', 'title': None, 'display_name': None, 'publication_year': 2002, 'publication_date': '2002-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1790325530', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1020870111808', 'mag': '1790325530'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1020870111808', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S114801022', 'display_name': 'Journal of Regulatory Economics', 'issn_l': '0922-680X', 'issn': ['0922-680X', '1573-0468'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5055297550', 'display_name': 'John A. Karikari', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I159011437', 'display_name': 'United States Government Accountability Office', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02vawy993', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I159011437']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'John Agyei Karikari', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Center for Economics, U.S. General Accounting Office, Washington, DC,'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Center for Economics, U.S. General Accounting Office, Washington, DC,', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I159011437']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5102751938', 'display_name': 'Stephen M. Brown', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0244-7821'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I159011437', 'display_name': 'United States Government Accountability Office', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02vawy993', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I159011437']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Stephen M. Brown', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Center for Economics, U.S. General Accounting Office, Washington, DC,'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Center for Economics, U.S. General Accounting Office, Washington, DC,', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I159011437']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5079727113', 'display_name': 'Mehrzad Nadji', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I159011437', 'display_name': 'United States Government Accountability Office', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02vawy993', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I159011437']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Mehrzad Nadji', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Center for Economics, U.S. General Accounting Office, Washington, DC,'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Center for Economics, U.S. General Accounting Office, Washington, DC,', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I159011437']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 2290, 'currency': 'EUR', 'value_usd': 2890, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 2.708, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 24, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.914763, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 87, 'max': 88}, 'biblio': {'volume': '22', 'issue': '3', 'first_page': '271', 'last_page': '285'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13439', 'display_name': 'Impact of Railway Deregulation on Competition and Efficiency', 'score': 0.9997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1408', 'display_name': 'Strategy and Management'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/14', 'display_name': 'Business, Management and Accounting'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13439', 'display_name': 'Impact of Railway Deregulation on Competition and Efficiency', 'score': 0.9997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1408', 'display_name': 'Strategy and Management'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/14', 'display_name': 'Business, Management and Accounting'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11599', 'display_name': 'Economic Impacts of Air Transportation Systems', 'score': 0.9869, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2000', 'display_name': 'General Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11043', 'display_name': 'Competition, Collusion, and Market Structure Dynamics', 'score': 0.941, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2002', 'display_name': 'Economics and Econometrics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/sample', 'display_name': 'Sample (material)', 'score': 0.49723223}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/competition', 'display_name': 'Competition', 'score': 0.452598}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C91306197', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767', 'display_name': 'Competition (biology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.72911423}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779439359', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317088', 'display_name': 'Commodity', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6516088}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C178283979', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274490', 'display_name': 'Public finance', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5706073}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C198531522', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146', 'display_name': 'Sample (material)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.49723223}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.45724487}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144133560', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453', 'display_name': 'Business', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.40239465}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C34447519', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522', 'display_name': 'Market economy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.22764501}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C139719470', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680', 'display_name': 'Macroeconomics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.06883043}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18903297', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150', 'display_name': 'Ecology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C43617362', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050', 'display_name': 'Chromatography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1020870111808', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S114801022', 'display_name': 'Journal of Regulatory Economics', 'issn_l': '0922-680X', 'issn': ['0922-680X', '1573-0468'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 10, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1514427615', 'https://openalex.org/W1548109626', 'https://openalex.org/W1990617648', 'https://openalex.org/W2009079850', 'https://openalex.org/W2015802525', 'https://openalex.org/W2017093321', 'https://openalex.org/W2048022776', 'https://openalex.org/W2068921467', 'https://openalex.org/W2112352537', 'https://openalex.org/W775151939'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W42776903', 'https://openalex.org/W4247219260', 'https://openalex.org/W4244738116', 'https://openalex.org/W3095671364', 'https://openalex.org/W2899084033', 'https://openalex.org/W2038906550', 'https://openalex.org/W2019531289', 'https://openalex.org/W2000509754', 'https://openalex.org/W1987859952', 'https://openalex.org/W1489069252'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1790325530', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-26T17:50:37.542180', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}